Kurortnoye (Kaliningrad)

settlement Kurortnoje / (large) residential village , also: Agnesenhof Курортное Federal district Northwest Russia Oblast Kaliningrad Rajon Pravdinsk Earlier names Groß Wohnsdorf, (until 1928), Wohnsdorf (1928–1945), Gross Wonsdorf (1945–1950), also: Agnesenhof (until 1950) population 272 inhabitants (as of Oct. 14, 2010) Time zone UTC + 2 License Plate 39, 91 OKATO 27 233 807 005 Geographical location Coordinates 54 ° 28 '  N , 21 ° 8'  E Coordinates: 54 ° 28 '0 "  N , 21 ° 8' 0"  E

Location in the western part of Russia

Location in Kaliningrad Oblast

Kurortnoje ( Russian Курортное , German (Groß) Wohnsdorf (until 1950), also: Agnesenhof (until 1950)) is the common name of two formerly separate places in the Russian Oblast Kaliningrad ( Koenigsberg area (Prussia) ) and belongs to the Prawdinskoje gorodsnoje posselenije ( City of Prawdinsk (Friedland (Ostpr.)) ) In Prawdinsk district ( Friedland district ).

Geographical location

Kurortnoje is located seven kilometers northeast of the Rajons capital Pravdinsk on the Russian trunk road R 514 (section of the former German Reichsstrasse 142 ). A country road crosses in the town, coming from Progress via Berjosowo (Schönbaum) to Rasswet (Schönwalde) and on to Sevskoje (Böttchersdorf) on the trunk road A 196 (former German Reichsstrasse 131 ). There is no train connection.

history

A case of large residential village on the high bank above the all (Russian: Lawa) situated Old Prussian Wallenburg was in 1255 by the Teutonic Knights stormed who established a wild house here. In 1319 and 1347, Lithuanians conquered the castle and destroyed it.

Groß Wohnsdorf was from 1348 the chamber office of the Insterburg order (today in Russian: Tschernjachowsk), and the complex was repaired until 1356. From 1391, the order began to replace the previous fortification with a stone building due to its lack of resistance.

In 1468, the high master of the order, Heinrich Reuss von Plauen, pledged the castle and the land belonging to it to Hans von Weyer . Since then it has been the center of a private estate economy. In 1525 Duke Albrecht von Prussia enfeoffed nobleman Heyno von Döberitz and in 1552 Andreas von Flanns with the estate. Around 1590 the manor complex was rebuilt and expanded.

From 1688 (or 1702) to 1945 the property belonged to the von Schrötter family . The later Upper President and Minister of State of East and West Prussia, Friedrich Leopold Freiherr von Schrötter was born here and lived at a young age in the tower, where he along with his father Friedrich Wilhelm von Schrötter on the terrace of the tower philosophical discussions with Immanuel Kant led the the von Schrötter family was on friendly terms and enjoyed staying in Groß Wohnsdorf.

In 1830 the castle building burned down. The stones were used for the new manor building, which was built in 1868/69 in the park on the site of the former outer bailey.

On June 11, 1874, Groß Wohnsdorf became the official seat and eponymous place of the newly established district Groß Wohnsdorf, which was part of the Friedland district (today Russian: Prawdinsk) until 1927 , then to 1945 the Bartenstein district (now Polish: Bartoszyce) in the Königsberg district of the Prussian province East Prussia belonged. In 1893 the rural community Groß Pothlack was reclassified from the district Böttchersdorf (Russian: Sevskoje) to the manor district Groß Wohnsdorf. In 1902 part of the manor district of Pogen came from the district of Neumühl in the district of Wehlau (Russian: Snamensk) to the manor district of Groß Wohnsdorf. In 1910 the place had 399 inhabitants.

In 1912 the Vorwerke Groß Pothlack and Krügerwalde (Russian: Rasdolje) were merged into a separate estate district and spun off from Groß Wohnsdorf. On September 30, 1928, the manor districts Groß Wohnsdorf and Hohenfelde (Russian: Lugowoje), the latter previously located in the district of Allenau (Poretschje), merged with the rural community Schöntritten (Krasnoje) to form the new rural community Wohnsdorf. The community of Wohnsdorf counted 536 inhabitants in 1933, 555 in 1939.

As a result of the Second World War , Wohnsdorf and Agnesenhof came to the Soviet Union with northern East Prussia . "Gross Wonsdorf" and Agnesenhof were given the common Russian name " Kurortnoje " in 1950 . Until 2009 Kurortnoje was incorporated into the Druzhbinsky Soviet (Dorfsovjet Druzhba (Allenburg) ) within the Russian Oblast Kaliningrad since 1991/92 and since then - due to structural and administrative reform - it has been classified as a “settlement” (Russian: possjolok) in the Pravdinskoje gorodsnoje posselenije (municipality of Pravdinsk (Friedland) ) in Pravdinsk district .

Only ruins remain of the former late classical manor house in Wohnsdorf. The gate tower has a collapsed roof and destroyed ceilings.

• Groß Wohnsdorf Castle

District of Groß Wohnsdorf / Wohnsdorf

On June 11, 1874, the district of Groß Wohnsdorf was established, which at that time consisted of the rural community Schöntritten (Russian: Krasnoje) and the manor district Groß Wohnsdorf. In 1893 it expanded to include the rural community of Groß Pothlack from the Böttchersdorf district (Russian: Sevskoje) and in 1928 to include the Hohenfelde manor district from the Allenau district (Russian: Poretschje), which was incorporated into Groß Wohnsdorf, from then on simply called "Wohnsdorf". In the same year, the rural community Althof (Russian: Pessotschnoje) was added, whose previous administrative district was dissolved. In 1945 only the two communities Althof and Wohnsdorf belonged to the district of Wohnsdorf.

church

Before 1945, the majority of the population of Groß Wohnsdorf and Agnesenhof were of the Protestant denomination. The places were in the parish Auglitten-Schönwalde (Russian: Progress-Krasnoje) in the parish of Bartenstein (today Polish: Bartoszyce) within the church province of East Prussia of the Church of the Old Prussian Union .

Today Kurortnoje is located in the catchment area of ​​the Protestant congregation in Prawdinsk (Friedland) , which was founded in the 1990s and is a branch congregation of the Church of the Resurrection in Kaliningrad (Königsberg) . It belongs to the newly formed Kaliningrad provost of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of European Russia (ELCER).

Personalities of the place

• Friedrich Leopold von Schrötter (born February 1, 1743 in Groß Wohnsdorf), Prussian officer, chief president and minister of state († June 30, 1815)
• Karl Wilhelm von Schrötter (born April 9, 1748 in Groß Wohnsdorf), Prussian Minister of State and Chancellor († December 2, 1819)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Kaliningradskaya oblastʹ. (Results of the 2010 all-Russian census. Kaliningrad Oblast.) Volume 1 , Table 4 (Download from the website of the Kaliningrad Oblast Territorial Organ of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
2. ^ Portal East Prussia: Kurortnoje - Groß Wohnsdorf
3. ↑ ^{a b} Rolf Jehke, district (large) residential village
4. ^ Rolf Jehke, Neumühl district
5. ^ Uli Schubert, community directory, Friedland district
6. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Bartenstein district (Polish Bartoszyce). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). 
7. ↑ The Указ Президиума Верховного Совета РСФСР от 5 июля 1950 г., №745 / 3, "О переименовании населённых пунктов Калининградской области» (Regulation 745/3 of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR "About renaming of places in the Kaliningrad region" from July 5, 1950)
8. ↑ According to the Law on the Composition and Territories of Municipal Forms of the Kaliningrad Oblast of June 25th / 1. July 2009, together with Law No. 476 of December 21, 2004, specified by Law NBr. 370 of July 1, 2009
9. ↑ Place directory / Kirchspiele Bartenstein ( Memento of the original of November 27, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
10. ↑ Ev.-luth. Provosty Kaliningrad ( Memento of the original dated August 29, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.