Angerapp district

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the district of Angerapp Location of the district of Angerapp in Germany in 1944/45
Basic data (status approx. 1945)
Existing period: 1818 - 1945
Country : Prussia
(Germany until 1945)
Province : East Prussia
Administrative region : Gumbinnen
Administrative headquarters : Angerapp (Darkehmen)
Surface: 759.54 km²
Residents : 31,549 (May 17, 1939)
Population density : 41.5 inhabitants per km²
License plate : IC
1953 planned: DAR for Darkehmen
Circle structure: 163 municipalities
2 manor districts
in 34 administrative districts
Location of the circle
Location of the district

The district of Angerapp (until 1938 Darkehmen district , 1938 renamed district Angerapp , from 1939 district Angerapp ) in East Prussia existed from 1818 to 1945.

Administrative history

Kingdom of Prussia

Ruins of a manor house from 1862 in Dąbrówka ( Dombrowken , 1938 to 1945 Eibenburg ), 2010

With the Prussian administrative reforms after the Congress of Vienna , the Darkehmen district in the Gumbinnen administrative district in the Prussian province of East Prussia was established on September 1, 1818 .

This included the parishes:

The district office was in Darkehmen .

Since December 3, 1829, the district - after the merger of the previous provinces of Prussia and West Prussia - belonged to the new province of Prussia with the seat in Königsberg i. Pr.

North German Confederation and German Empire

Since July 1, 1867, the district belonged to the North German Confederation and from January 1, 1871 to the German Empire .

On July 21, 1875, the rural community Grünheide was incorporated from the Darkehmen district into the Gumbinnen district.

On August 10, 1876, the rural community Alt- and Neu Gurren and the manor district Gurren from the Darkehmenin district joined the Angerburg district , while the Broszeitschen manor district moved from the Angerburg district to the Darkehmen district.

After the division of the province of Prussia into the new provinces of East Prussia and West Prussia, the Darkehmen district became part of East Prussia on April 1, 1878.

On September 30, 1928, a regional reform took place in the Darkehmen district as in the rest of Prussia, in which almost all previously independent manor districts were dissolved and assigned to neighboring rural communities.

On September 7, 1938, the district was in Angerapp renamed . As of January 1, 1939, the Angerapp district was called the district in accordance with the now uniform rule.

Under Polish and Soviet administration

Former road interrupted by the Polish-Russian border between Rapa ( Angerapp , 1938 to 1945 Kleinangerapp ) in the Polish powiat Gołdapski and Osjorsk ( Darkehmen , 1938 Darkeim , 1938 to 1945: Angerapp ) in the Russian oblast of Kaliningrad, 2010

With the offensive of the Soviet troops in East Prussia that began in mid-January 1945 , the district was gradually occupied by the Red Army . After the complete occupation in the winter of 1945, the entire district was initially placed under the Polish civil administration. The district and district town were given the name Darkiejmy , the Polonized (and previously in use in Poland) name of the district town Darkehmen (Angerapp).

In the late summer or early autumn of 1945, the Soviet occupying power revised the zoning it had previously carried out and moved the border significantly to the south, so that the much larger northern part of the district, including the district town of Darkehmen / Angerapp (Darkiejmy), came under Soviet administration. The Polish migrants who immigrated after the end of the war and who had started to displace and expel the locals, including the Polish civil administration, were expelled from the northern part, which was now administered by the Soviets, at short notice by early 1946 at the latest.

Only a smaller part of the district south of the demarcation line remained under Polish administration and was attached to the district of Węgorzewo (Angerburg). The resident German population, if they had not already fled, was subsequently expelled by the local Polish administrative authorities .

Since the division of East Prussia into administrative zones after the Second World War , the former district town of Angerapp (Darkehmen), renamed in Osjorsk ( Russian Озёрск for "city on the lake") in 1946 in the Russian Oblast of Kaliningrad, has been located .

District administrators

Darkehmen market square with the town hall and the post office

Local constitution

The county Darkehmen initially divided into the township Darkehmen (June 3, 1938 in "Darkeim" definitively on 16 July 1938 in "Angerapp" renamed ) in rural communities and - until its almost complete loss - in independent estate districts.

With the introduction of the Prussian Municipal Constitutional Law of December 15, 1933 and the German Municipal Code of January 30, 1935, the leader principle was enforced at the municipal level on April 1, 1935 .

On April 1, 1941, the new Gudwallen Army Estate District was formed.

A new district constitution was no longer created; The district regulations for the provinces of East and West Prussia, Brandenburg, Pomerania, Silesia and Saxony from March 19, 1881 continued to apply .

cities and communes

Administrative structure 1945

On January 1, 1945, the district of Angerapp was made up of 163 municipalities, including the city of Angerapp (Darkehmen) and two manor districts:

Districts & municipalities Population (1939) comment
City of Angerapp (until 1938 Darkehmen)    
1. Angerapp city 4,376 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Darkehmen
Adamsheide district    
1. Adamsheide 262  
2. Rogalwalde 214  
3. Schiedelau 146 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Schidlack
District Albrechtau    
1. Albrechtau 157  
2. Friedeck 165 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Jautecken
3. Gutbergen 124 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Lenkehlischken
4. Carpau 342 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Karpowen or Großkarpowen
Almental district (until 1938, Abschermeningken)    
1. Almental 256 Renamed February 11, 1932, formerly Abschermeningken
2. Track sheaves 270 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Jagotschen
3. Crutches 69 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Krugken
4. Oberhofen (East Pr.) 82 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Masutschen
5. Peterkeim 82 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Petrelskehmen
District Altheide (until 1938 Skallischen)    
1. Altheide (East Pr.) 324 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Skallischen
2. Altheide, part of Kr.Angerapp, Forst, community-free manor district 0 Renamed 16 July 1938, formerly Skallischen, Forst
Ballethen district    
1. Ballethen 447  
2. Ilgenau 185 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Illgossen
3. Hill meadow 114 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Neu Ragaischen
4. Loppinnen 48  
5. Mentau 81 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Groß & Klein Menturren
6. Missing 69  
Berglingen district (until 1938 Lingwarowen)    
1. Berglingen 156 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Lingwarowen
2. Groß Illmen 95  
3. Kermen 250 Renamed 16 July 1938, formerly Adlig Kermuschienen
4. Marienwalde 316  
5. Waldkerme 156 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Piontken
District of Drachenberg (until 1938 Kallnen)    
1. Bruderhof 155 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Scherrewischken
2. Dragon Mountain 89 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Kallnen
3. King's Garden 179 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Schwirgsden
4. Köskeim 74 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Kossischken / Koszischken
5. Line marks 42 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Schaugsten
6. Meltbach 79 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Melletschen
District of Eibenburg (until 1938 Dombrowken)    
1. Eibenburg 296 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Dombrowken
District Ernstburg    
1. Dachshausen 208 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Abscherningken
2. Ernstburg 320  
3. Greaves 198  
4. Rüttelsdorf 147 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Neu Pillkallen
5. Schönfels 168 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Escherischken
District Eschingen (until 1938 Escherningken)    
1. Brenndenwalde 145 Renamed 16 July 1938, formerly Ischdaggen
2. Dingelau 235 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Grasgirren
3. Eschingen 287 Renamed 16 July 1938, formerly Escherningken
4. Großbachrode 112 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Groß Kolpacken
5. Kleedorf (East Pr.) 74 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Karteningken
Gahlen district (until 1938 Rogahlen)    
1. Balschdorf 144 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Matzwolla
2. Gahlen (East Pr.) 344 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Rogahlen
3. Great Jahnen 180  
4. Großsteinau 127 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Skallischkehmen
5. Gruneiken 78 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Gruneyken
6. Hilpertswerder 84 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Audinischken
7. Ostkehmen 67  
8. Wittbach 201 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Wittgirren
Gailboden district    
1. Finkenwalde (East Pr.) 60 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Muldschählen / Muldszehlen
2. Gember 257 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Mallenuppen
3. Large coarse bees 181  
4. Kamanten 106  
5. Maiden 107 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Endruschen
6. Mentoring 70  
Gudwallen district    
1. Alt Thalau 63  
2. floodplain 374  
3. Gudwallen 560 Disbanded April 1, 1941, partially incorporated into Bretten, Menturren and Gudwallen Heeresguts district
4. Cross stone 108 Renamed 16 July 1938, formerly Klein Pelledauen
5. Dairy booth 19th  
6. New Thalau 82  
7. Schlieben (Ostpr.) 98 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Schunkarinn
Gudwallen District, Army Goods District    
1. Gudwallen, Army Goods District ? April 1, 1941 formed from Gudwallen (partly), Angerapp, Stadt (partly), Auerfluss (partly) and Schlieben (partly)
Jurisdiction Jürgenfelde (until 1938 Jurgaitschen)    
1. Brahetal 210 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Bratricken
2. Jürgenfelde 290 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Jurgaitschen
3. Konradshof 216 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Alt Ragaischen
4. Uhlenhorst 207 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Lenkimmen
District of Kanden (until 1938 Kandschen)    
1. Erlenflet 98 Renamed 16 July 1938, formerly Tarputschen parish Ballethen
2. Golsaue 134 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Kuinen
3. Customers 155 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Kandschen
4. Rise 57 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Ragoschen
5. Tiefenhagen 68 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Lengwetschen
6. Wiesenbrunn (East Pr.) 93 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly shed
Karkeim district (Kariotkehmen until 1938)    
1. binding mark 63 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Bindschuhnen / Bindszuhnen
2. Brunshöfen 42 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Jewonishks
3. Gründann 35  
4. Gudwainen 49  
5. Karkeim 168 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Kariotkehmen
6. Ramfelde 113 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Ramoschkehmen
7. Schudau 66 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Shudishk
8. Wildhorst 99 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Schakumehlen
Kleinangerapp district (Angerapp until 1938)    
1. Kleinangerapp 388 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Angerapp (municipality)
Kleinbeinuhnen District (until 1938 Klein Beynuhnen)    
1. View 162  
2. Small-legged elk 369 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Klein Beynuhnen
District of Kleschauen (until 1938 Kleszowen / Kleschowen)    
1. Altentrift 69 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Tautschillen
2. Iodanes 108 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Jodschuhnen / Jodszuhnen
3. Kleschauen 163 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Kleszowen / Kleschowen
4. Kudern 135 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Kuddern
5. Langenrück 69 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Uschballen / Uszballen
6th rounds 159 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Worellen
Kreuzhausen district (until 1938 Tarputschen)    
1. Elken 187 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Elkinehlen
2. Julienfelde 150  
3. Kreuzhausen 203 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Schallgirren / Szallgirren
4. Sauckenhof 208 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Tarputschen parish Trempen
5. Tatars 267  
Lautersee district (until 1938 Schabienen)    
1. Altlautersee 135 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Königlich Szabienen, Alt Szabienen / Schabienen
2. Blinkersee 117 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Uszblenken / Uschblenken
3. Bream 67  
4. Christiankehmen 222  
5. Großlautersee 53 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Groß Szabienen / Schabienen
6. Kleinzedmar 69 Renamed 16 July 1938, formerly Jaggeln
7. Kleinlautersee 211 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Klein Schabienen
8. Messken 93 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Antmeschken
9. Flying stairs 251 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Iodine Tin / Jodschinn
10. Ursfelde 91 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Stumbrakehmen
Ragauen district (until 1938 Groß Ragauen)    
1. Brettken 103 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Groß Bretschkehmen
2. Groß Ragauen 204  
3. Hasenbrück 121 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Oscheningken
4. Klein Ragauen 58  
5. Emergency lines 73  
6. Rob 122 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Degelgirren
7. Sea hill 88 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Eschergallen
District of Sanden (until 1938 Launingken)    
1. Sands 500 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Launingken
2. Weir forest 102 Renamed 16 July 1938, formerly Neu Eschergallen
District of Schanzenhöh (until 1938 Ballupönen)    
1. Grieswalde 196 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Griesgirren
2. Kermenau 77 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Old and New Kermuschienen
3. Schanzenhöh 124 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Alt Ballupönen
4. Seehagen (Ostpr.) 50 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Eszerienen / Escherienen
5. Still heather 180 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Stobrigkehlen
District Sillenfelde (Schillehnen)    
1. Albrechtshof 228  
2. Old linden tree 92 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Kruschinnen
3. Green flower 73  
4. Kranichfelde 199 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Dumbeln
5th courses 131  
6. Sillenfelde 234 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Schillehnen
7. Wiesenhausen 180 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Karklienen
Skirlack district    
1. Large ski lacquer 229  
2. pitchers 205 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Kannehlen
3. Small ski lacquer 189  
4. Putt chamber 54 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Potkehmen
Sobrost district    
1. Great Sobrost 221  
2. Large media 280 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Groß Medunischken
3. Klein Sobrost 139  
Sodehen district    
1. Ammerau 176 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Auxinnen
2. Dittwiese 66 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Didwischken
3. Greater Callus 104 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Groß Kallwischken
4. Laboratories 184 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Labowischken
5. Rosenberg 50  
6. Tendon tendons 422  
District of Stroppau (Kunigehlen until 1938)    
1. Altsauswalde 142 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Alt Sausköyen
2. Legged elk 215 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Groß Beynuhnen
3. New legs 92 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Neu Beynuhnen
4. Neusauswalde 82 Renamed 16 July 1938, formerly New Sauskoyen
5. Sandeck 126 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Kundschicken
6. Stroppau 292 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Kunigehlen
Trempen district    
1. Trempen 872  
Weedern District    
1. Balsken 133 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Balschkehmen
2. Bidenteich 173 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Bidschuhnen / Bidszuhnen
3. Hallway 338 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Hallwischken
4. Jungferngrund 67 Renamed 16 July 1938, formerly Groß Pelledauen
5. Small coarse bees 69  
6. Schimmelhof 90 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Klein Darkehmen
7. Schönwall 70 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Puikwallen
8. Ströpken 259  
District Wiecken (until 1938 Wikischken)    
1. Großzedmar 108 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Astrawischken
2. Grünsiedel 94 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Wantischken
3. Kleinbachrode 90 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Klein Kolpacken
4. Rosskamp 111 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Auxkallen / Augstkallen
5. Wiecken 268 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Wikischken
Wilhelmsberg district    
1. Friedrichsberg 310  
2. Fritzenau 132 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Kermuschienen
3. Grimmen (Eastern Pr.) 266 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Pogrimmen
4. Murmur (Ostpr.) 105 Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Raudohnen
5. Wilhelmsberg 578  

Place names

On June 3, 1938 - with official confirmation of July 16, 1938 - extensive renaming of place names took place in the Angerapp district (until 1938 Darkehmen district) due to an order from the Gauleiter and Upper President of East Prussia, Erich Koch . These were mostly phonetic adjustments, translations or free inventions. Not only the city of Darkehmen received the new name Angerapp (a few weeks still: Darkeim), but also 117 of 165 parishes in the district were renamed.

In addition to the town of Darkehmen (= Angerapp), the towns now located on Russian and Polish territory were renamed :

  • Kowarren : Kleinfriedeck
  • Krugken : Krucken
  • Kruschinnen : Altlinde
  • Kuddern: Kuddern
  • Kuinen: Golsaue
  • Kundszicken, 1936 = Kundschicken: Sandeck
  • Kunigehlen : Stroppau
  • Labowischken: Labonen
  • Lasdienen: Mühlenau
  • Launingken : Sanden
  • Lenkehlischken: Gutbergen
  • Lenkinnen: Uhlenhorst
  • Lingwarowen : Berglingen
  • Mallenuppen : Gembern
  • Masutschen : Oberhofen (Ostpr.)
  • Matzwolla : Balschdorf
  • Melletschen: Meltbach
  • Mulder counting, 1936 = Mulder counting: Finkenwalde (Ostpr.)
  • Naujeningken: Kleingudwallen
  • Naujoken: Kleinauer River
  • Neu Beynuhnen: Neubeinuhnen
  • New Eszergallen, = 1936: New Eschergallen: Wehrwalde
  • New Ragaischen: hilltop meadow
  • New Sauskoyen : Neusauswalde
  • Oszeningken, 1936 = Oscheningken: Hasenbrück
  • Osznagorren, 1936 = Oschnagorren: Eagle Mark
  • Petrelskehmen : Peterkeim
  • Piontken: Waldkerme
  • Progrimmen : Grimmen
  • Potkehmen: putt chamber
  • Puikwallen: Schönwall
  • Biking : Wittrade
  • Ragoszen, 1936 = Ragoschen: Ragen
  • Ramoschkehmen: Ramfelde
  • Rob : Degelgirren
  • Raudohnen: murmur
  • Rogahlen : Gahlen (Ostpr.)
  • Roseningken : Rößningen
  • Schakumehlen: Wildhorst
  • Sightseers: linens brands
  • Scherrewischken : Bruderhof
  • Schillehlen : Sillenfelde
  • Schniepseln: Schniepseln
  • Schudishken: Schudau
  • Schunkarinn: Close
  • Sheds: Wiesenbrunn
  • Schwirgsden : Königsgarten
  • Skallischen : Altheide (Ostpr.)
  • Skallischkehmen : Großsteinau
  • Stobrigkehlen : Stillheide
  • Stumbrakehmen: Ursfelde
  • Szallgirren , 1936 = Schallgirren: Kreuzhausen
  • Szallutschen, 1936 = Schallutschen: Krebswinkel
  • Szameitschen , Ksp. Darkehmen, 1936 = Schameitschen: Waldhorst
  • Szameitschen , Ksp. Wilhelmsberg, 1936 = Schameitschen: Brahmannsdorf
  • Szidlack , 1936 = Schidlack: Schiedlau
  • Tarputschen, Ksp. Ballethen: Erlenflet
  • Tarputschen , Ksp. Trempen: Sauckenhof
  • Trautschillen: Altentrift
  • Uszballen , 1936 = Uschballen: Langenrück
  • Uszblenken, 1936 = Uschblenken: Blinkersee
  • Wantischken: Grünsiedel
  • Wikischken : Wiecken
  • Wittgirren : Wittbach
  • Worellen: rounds

literature

Web links

Commons : Landkreis Angerapp  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://historia-wyzynaelblaska.pl/granica-polsko-radziecka-wb.-prusach-wschodnich.html
  2. ↑ see map section of the book: East Germany under foreign administration I: East Prussia 1945 - 1955 ; Alfred Metzner Verlag Frankfurt / M. Berlin, 1955
  3. ^ Horst Romeyk : The leading state and municipal administrative officials of the Rhine Province 1816–1945 (=  publications of the Society for Rhenish History . Volume 69 ). Droste, Düsseldorf 1994, ISBN 3-7700-7585-4 , p. 589 .
  4. ^ Community encyclopedia for the Free State of Prussia, Volume 1: Province of East Prussia, Berlin 1931
  5. ^ Official directory of the German Reich 1939, 2nd edition 1941
  6. ^ Official directory of the German Reich 1939, 2nd edition 1941
  7. ^ Andreas Kossert (2003). “'Grenzlandpolitik' and Ostforschung on the periphery of the empire. East Prussian Masuria 1919–1945 ”. Quarterly Issues for Contemporary History , Volume 51, Issue 2, April 2003, Page 141 ( PDF )
  8. ↑ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. darkehmen.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  9. ^ List at the Association for Computer Genealogy