Rapa (Poland)
| Rapa | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Warmia-Masuria | ||
| Powiat : | Gołdap | ||
| Gmina : | Banie Mazurskie | ||
| Geographic location : | 54 ° 19 ' N , 22 ° 1' E | ||
| Height : | 96 m npm | ||
| Residents : | 140 () | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 87 | ||
| License plate : | NGO | ||
Rapa ( German Angerapp , 1938 to 1945 Kleinangerapp ) is a village in the Polish municipality of Banie Mazurskie (German Benkheim ) in the powiat Gołdapski in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship .
location
The village is located in historic East Prussia on the Węgorapa River ( Angerapp ) about 20 kilometers west of the district town of Gołdap ( Goldap ). The Polish- Russian state border to the Kaliningrad Oblast runs about two kilometers to the north . The Lasy Skaliskie (Skallischer Forst, 1938 to 1945 Altheider Forest) extends south of Rapa .
history
The Vorwerk was initially called Bischunen and belonged to Darkehmen (since 1946 Russian Озёрск , Osjorsk ). The owner regimental councilor and chancellor Christoph von Rappe gave the Vorwerk the name Angerapp at the beginning of the 17th century . The estate remained in the family's possession until it went bankrupt due to the consequences of the plague and fire in 1726 .
The cornet and later Rittmeister Christian Wilhelm Lau took over the estate and successfully reorganized the management. This is how a carp farm was established in the fish ponds. In 1729 the owner was ennobled. He built a new mansion , a distillery and a brewery and laid out the park again. In 1750 Laus' half-brother, Hofrat Johann Jakob Hoffmann, inherited the property. For unknown reasons, his son was obliged to leave the estate to Johann Friedrich Wilhelm von Fahrenheid when he reached the age of majority. This took over the Angerapp estate including the outworks.
In 1793, Friedrich Wilhelm Johann von Fahrenheid (1747–1834), who was raised to the Prussian nobility by King Friedrich Wilhelm II in 1786 , acquired a large complex of goods in Klein Beynuhnen five kilometers away (1938 to 1946 Kleinbeinuhnen , since 1946 Russian Ульяновское, Ulyanovskoye ). His son, Friedrich Heinrich Johann von Fahrenheid (1780–1849), brought the estate to an economic boom, expanded thoroughbred breeding into what was then the second largest private stud in Europe and thus laid the material foundation for the family's artistic ambitions. In Klein Beynuhnen (now Ulyanovskoye, located in Russia), a large palace was built from 1850 to display the art collection. ( Ulyanovskoye_ (Kaliningrad) #Gut_und_Schloss_Klein_Beynuhnen )
When the last male heir of the von Fahrenheid family died in 1890, Philipp von Bujack, who took the name of Fahrenheid, inherited the property. He was the son of the sister of the last von Fahrenheid. The name finally expired when Philipp von Fahrenheid's son Horst died. By marriage, General Schmidt von Altenstadt became the owner of the property in Angerapp.
On September 30, 1928, the previous manor districts Angerapp and Klein Medunischken (1938 to 1945 Medunen, Polish Mieduniszki Małe ) became the new rural community Angerapp (from 1935 community) in the Darkehmen district . On June 3, 1938, the place name of the district town was initially " Germanized " in Darkeim , and from July 16, 1938 the town was finally called Angerapp. At the same time, the previous Angerapp was renamed Kleinangerapp to distinguish it . The last head of the municipality of Kleinangerapp until the eviction on October 20, 1944 was the manor leaseholder Fritz Koesling.
The manor house in Kleinangerapp was destroyed during the Second World War . Since the division of East Prussia, the district town of Darkehmen, renamed Osjorsk in 1946, and a large part of the former district have been in the Kaliningrad Oblast. Some southern places in the district were assigned to Polish communities, including Kleinangerapp, which was named Rapa . The residents who remained in East Prussia were for the most part expelled to occupied Germany west of the Oder-Neisse line by 1947 ; the Polish part of the area was settled with expelled Ukrainians and south-east Poles as part of the Akcja Wisła ( Vistula Action ) .
The remaining farm buildings in Rapa became the property of the Agricultural Production Cooperative (PGR) . The trees in the former park and the so-called pyramid in Rapa , a mausoleum built by the von Fahrenheid family in 1811, still bear witness to the former manor house .
Angerapp / Kleinangerapp district (1874–1945)
On May 6, 1874 the district of Angerapp was established, which consisted only of the manor district of Angerapp. In 1939 it was renamed the "Kleinangerapp District", until 1945 it belonged to the Darkehmen district (called "Angerapp district" from 1939 to 1945) in the Gumbinnen district of the Prussian province of East Prussia . In 1900/1902 the manor district of Zargen ( Polish: Szarek ) was incorporated, but in 1928 after incorporation into the rural community of Griesgirren (1938 to 1945 Grieswalde, Polish: Gryżewo) , it was reclassified into the administrative district of Ballupönen (1938 to 1945, Schanzenhöh, Polish: Stare Gajdzie). After the incorporation of Klein Medunischken (1938 to 1945 Medunen, Polish: Mieduniszki Małe) in the same year after Angerapp, on January 1, 1945 the administrative district, then known as Kleinangerapp, again consisted only of the one manor community, which was now called Kleinangerapp .
church
Before 1945, Angerapp resp. Kleinangerapp on the one hand to the Protestant church Szabienen / Schabienen (1938 to 1945 Lautersee, Polish Żabin ) in the church district Darkehmen / Angerapp within the church province of East Prussia of the Church of the Old Prussian Union , on the other hand to the Catholic parish Goldap in the deanery Masuria II (seat: Johannisburg , Polish Pisz) in Diocese of Warmia . Today Rapa is part of the Catholic parish in Żabin in the Gołdap Dean's Office in the Diocese of Ełk (Lyck) of the Roman Catholic Church in Poland and the Evangelical Church in Gołdap , a branch church of Suwałki in the Masurian Diocese of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .
Attractions
- Pyramid in Rapa
- Lasy Skaliskie ( German Skallischer Forst , 1938 to 1945 Altheider Forest )
Web links
- German map (1932) with Darkehmen and Angerapp (left half of the picture)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Szukacz.pl, Rapa - Informacje dodatkowe , accessed on September 2, 2010
- ↑ a b Ostpreußen.net: Vorwerk Bischunen or Angerapp as of September 14, 2010.
- ^ Ostpreußen.net: The castle in Klein Beynuhnen as of September 14, 2010.
- ^ A b Rolf Jehke: Angerapp / Kleinangerapp district
- ^ Rolf Jehke: District Ballupönen / Schanzenhöh
- ↑ Walther Hubatsch : History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia. Volume 3: Documents. Göttingen 1968, p. 478