Banie Mazurskie

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Banie Mazurskie
Banie Mazurskie does not have a coat of arms
Banie Mazurskie (Poland)
Banie Mazurskie
Banie Mazurskie
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Warmia-Masuria
Powiat : Gołdap
Geographic location : 54 ° 15 '  N , 22 ° 2'  E Coordinates: 54 ° 14 '36 "  N , 22 ° 2' 18"  E
Residents : 1419 (March 31, 2011)
Postal code : 19-520
Telephone code : (+48) 87
License plate : NGO
Economy and Transport
Street : Ext. 650 : Stara Różanka - Gołdap
Lisy → Banie Mazurskie
Mieduniszki Wielkie → Banie Mazurskie
Rail route : no rail connection
Next international airport : Gdansk Airport
Warsaw Chopin Airport
Gmina
Gminatype: Rural community
Gmina structure: 40 localities
20 school offices
Surface: 205.02 km²
Residents: 3707
(Jun. 30, 2019)
Population density : 18 inhabitants / km²
Community number  ( GUS ): 2818012
Administration (as of 2006)
Mayor : Jan Sobuta
Address: ul. Marii Konopnickiej 26
19-520 Banie Mazurskie
Website : baniemazurskie.wm.pl



Banie Mazurskie (German Benkheim ) is a village with the seat of the rural community of the same name in the powiat Gołdapski of the Polish Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship .

Geographical location

Banie Mazurskie is located in the northeast of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship on the Goldap (Polish: Gołdapa). The Polish-Russian border is ten kilometers further north. It is 20 kilometers to the former district town of Angerburg (Polish: Węgorzewo), today's district metropolis Gołdap (Goldap) is 18 kilometers away.

Banie Mazurskie (Benkheim)

Street in Banie Mazurskie

history

The place was founded on June 16, 1566. In 1566 the village was named Bianiz , then Saurnickeim , Saurnicken , Bieneken , Berndtkeim (before 1785), Bengheim (after 1785) and Benkheim (until 1945). When the Tartars invaded the village in 1657, only the church remained.

On May 6, 1874 Benkheim office Village was and eponymous for a District, which until 1945 for district Angerburg in Administrative district Gumbinnen the Prussian province of East Prussia belonged.

In 1885, 487 residents were registered in Benkheim. Their number rose to 777 by 1910, amounted to 841 in 1925, rose to 1,675 by 1933 and was already 1,973 in 1939.

On October 17, 1928, the municipality of Benkheim expanded to include the neighboring village of Janellen ( Polish Janele , no longer existent) and a small part of the manor district of Sperling ( Polish Wróbel ). The Janellen cemetery was refurbished after 2001 and in 2012 a memorial stone was added in German and Polish.

Escape and expulsion made Benkheim an empty village on October 23, 1944. The population initially sought protection in the Heilsberg district , but had to continue to flee from there in January 1945.

As a result of the war, Benkheim came to Poland with southern East Prussia in 1945 and received the Polish form of the name Banie Mazurskie . Today the village is the administrative seat of the Gmina Banie Mazurskie and a Schulzenamt ( Polish Sołectwo ) as well as a village in the network of the rural community Banie Mazurskie. The village changed from Angerburg County to the Powiat Gołdapski ( Goldap County ), belonged to the Suwałki Voivodeship until 1998 and has been part of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship since then .

Paul Skalich and the time it was founded

Establishing time of Bianiz the adventurer and charlatan heard Paul Skalich . The son of poor peasants from Croatia set out with a group of cronies to Northern Europe around 1560 with the aim of alchemical gold mining. With forged papers he sneaked into the trust of Duke Albrecht as Margrave of Verona in 1561 , who gave him a forest near Benkheim, which has since been called the Skallischer Forst (1938–1945: Altheider Forest, Polish Lasy Skaliskie ), including the estate. When he later harbored plans to overthrow, his plans were revealed. Three of his cronies were executed in 1566, Skalich himself managed to escape and died in Danzig in 1574 .

Benkheim District (1874–1945)

Between 1874 and 1945 the district of Benkheim belonged to the district of Angerburg . In the beginning he belonged to seven, in the end only four churches:

Surname Change name from
1938 to 1945 		Polish name Remarks
Benkheim Banie Mazurskie
Big Sakuchschen Großsackau Zakałcze Wielkie 1928 incorporated into Mitschullen
Janellen Janele 1928 incorporated into Benkheim
Classmates , village Rochau (East Pr.) Miczuły
School class, fine before 1908 incorporated into the Mitschullen community
Polish Dombrowken (since 1904 :)
Talheim		 Dąbrówka Polska
Storchenberg Wydutki 1928 incorporated into Mitschullen
from 1930:
Sperling 		Wróbel formerly the district of Sperling

On January 1, 1945, the district of Benkheim formed the communities: Benkheim, Rochau (Ostpr.), Sperling and Talheim.

Religions

Church building

The church in Benkheim was built from 1566 to 1574. It is a three-aisled building - without a choir - made of plastered bricks and boulders, with a beautiful east gable from 1646. Since 1698 the church has had an expanded tower. The organ was made by Max Terletzki in Königsberg (Prussia) in 1884 . After 1945 the Roman Catholic Church in Poland took over the previously evangelical church. After renewed consecration, it now bears the name of St. Anthony of Padua (Kościół św. Antoniego Padewskiego).

Parish

A Protestant parish was only founded in Benkheim in 1646. Until then, the municipality was a branch municipality of Angerburg ( Polish : Węgorzewo ) and thus belonged to the Rastenburg (Kętrzyn) inspection until 1725 . Until 1945 she was part of the Angerburg parish in the church province of East Prussia of the Evangelical Church of the Old Prussian Union .

A Catholic parish has existed in Banie Mazurskie since 1948 , to which the two chapels in Budziska (Herbsthausen C) and Grodzisko (Schloßberg , 1938–1945 Heidenberg) are assigned. It is part of the Węgorzewo deanery in the Ełk diocese of the Catholic Church in Poland . Protestant church members living here today - like the Catholic church members before 1945 - are oriented towards Gołdap (Goldap) . The parish there is a branch parish of Suwałki in the Masuria diocese of the Evangelical Augsburg Church in Poland .

Gmina Banie Mazurskie

The area of ​​the rural community Banie Mazurskie is 205.02 km². 58% of this is used for agriculture, 30% as forest and forestry. The municipality area corresponds to 26.56% of the total area of ​​the powiat Węgorzewski .

The northern border of the municipality is the Polish-Russian state border.

Neighboring communities are:

Community structure

Districts

The rural community of Banie Mazurskie includes 20 districts ( German names until 1945 ) with a Schulzenamt ( Sołectwo ):

  • Banie Mazurskie ( Benkheim )
  • Dąbrówka Polska ( Talheim )
  • Grodzisko ( Schloßberg , 1938–1945 Heidenberg )
  • Gryżewo ( Griesgirren , 1938–1945 Grieswalde )
  • Jagiele ( Jaggeln , 1938–1945 Kleinzedmar )
  • Jagoczany ( Jagotschen , 1938–1945 track sheaves )
  • Kierzki ( Kerschken )
  • Lisy ( Lissen )
  • Miczuły ( classmates , 1938–1945 Rochau )
  • Mieduniszki Małe ( Klein Medunischken , 1938–1945 Medunas )
  • Obszarniki ( Abschermeningken , 1932–1945 Almental )
  • Rogale ( Rogahlen , 1938–1945 Gahlen )
  • Sapałówka ( Sapallen , 1938–1945 Ostau )
  • Skaliszkiejmy ( Skallischkehmen , 1938–1945 Großsteinau )
  • Surminy ( Surminnen )
  • Ściborki ( Stobrigkehlen , 1938–1945 Stillheide )
  • Wróbel ( Sperling , 1938–1945 Domain Sperling )
  • Zawady ( Sawadden , 1938–1945 Herbsthausen A )
  • Ziemiany ( Ziemianen )
  • Żabin ( Klein Schabienen , 1938–1945 Kleinlautersee )

Localities

traffic

Voivodeship road 650 runs through the south of the municipality from Stara Różanka (Alt Rosenthal) via Węgorzewo (Angerburg) to Gołdap (Goldap) . It runs through the northeast of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship and connects the three districts of Kętrzyn (Rastenburg) , Węgorzewo (Angerburg) and Gołdap (Goldap) . The section between Węgorzewo and Gołdap runs on the route of the former German Reichsstraße 136 . The individual localities are networked with one another by side roads or country lanes, whereby the border location of the north has a negative impact on the road conditions.

Between 1897 and 1945 Benkheim was a train station on the Angerburg – Goldap railway line and thus connected to the East Prussian rail network. As a result of the war, the railway line was not reactivated.

The closest international airport is Gdansk Airport . However, it can only be reached after several hours by car or train. The Warsaw Chopin Airport, not many kilometers away, is just as difficult to reach .

Web links

Commons : Banie Mazurskie  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ CIS 2011: Ludność w miejscowościach statystycznych według ekonomicznych grup wieku , March 31, 2011, accessed on April 21, 2019 (Polish).
  2. ↑ population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
  3. ↑ a b c d e Banie Mazurskie - Benkheim
  4. ↑ Virtual Shtetl ( Memento of the original from December 3, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Local history and Jewish community in Banie Mazurskie @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.sztetl.org.pl
  5. ^ Dietrich Lange: Geographical Location Register East Prussia (2005): Benkheim
  6. ↑ a b Rolf Jehke: District Benkheim
  7. ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Angerburg district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  8. ^ Uli Schubert: Community directory, district of Angerburg
  9. ↑ Walther Hubatsch : History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia , Volume 2: Images of East Prussian churches. Göttingen 1968, p. 87.
  10. ↑ Walther Hubatsch: History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia , Volume 3: Documents. Göttingen 1968, p. 476.
  11. ^ The parish of Banie Mazurskie on the website of the Diocese of Ełk
  12. ↑ The Genealogical Place Directory