Angerapp district
coat of arms | Germany map |
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Basic data (status approx. 1945) | |
Existing period: | 1818 - 1945 |
Country : |
Prussia (Germany until 1945) |
Province : | East Prussia |
Administrative region : | Gumbinnen |
Administrative headquarters : | Angerapp (Darkehmen) |
Surface: | 759.54 km² |
Residents : | 31,549 (May 17, 1939) |
Population density : | 41.5 inhabitants per km² |
License plate : | IC 1953 planned: DAR for Darkehmen |
Circle structure: | 163 municipalities 2 manor districts in 34 administrative districts |
Location of the circle | |
The district of Angerapp (until 1938 Darkehmen district , 1938 renamed district Angerapp , from 1939 district Angerapp ) in East Prussia existed from 1818 to 1945.
Administrative history
Kingdom of Prussia
With the Prussian administrative reforms after the Congress of Vienna , the Darkehmen district in the Gumbinnen administrative district in the Prussian province of East Prussia was established on September 1, 1818 .
This included the parishes:
- Balleth ,
- Darkehmen ,
- Dombrowken ,
- Groß Karpowen (part of the parish belonged to the Gerdauen district )
- Kleszowen ,
- Rogahlen ,
- Scabienes ,
- Trembling ,
- Wilhelmsberg .
The district office was in Darkehmen .
Since December 3, 1829, the district - after the merger of the previous provinces of Prussia and West Prussia - belonged to the new province of Prussia with the seat in Königsberg i. Pr.
North German Confederation and German Empire
Since July 1, 1867, the district belonged to the North German Confederation and from January 1, 1871 to the German Empire .
On July 21, 1875, the rural community Grünheide was incorporated from the Darkehmen district into the Gumbinnen district.
On August 10, 1876, the rural community Alt- and Neu Gurren and the manor district Gurren from the Darkehmenin district joined the Angerburg district , while the Broszeitschen manor district moved from the Angerburg district to the Darkehmen district.
After the division of the province of Prussia into the new provinces of East Prussia and West Prussia, the Darkehmen district became part of East Prussia on April 1, 1878.
On September 30, 1928, a regional reform took place in the Darkehmen district as in the rest of Prussia, in which almost all previously independent manor districts were dissolved and assigned to neighboring rural communities.
On September 7, 1938, the district was in Angerapp renamed . As of January 1, 1939, the Angerapp district was called the district in accordance with the now uniform rule.
Under Polish and Soviet administration
With the offensive of the Soviet troops in East Prussia that began in mid-January 1945 , the district was gradually occupied by the Red Army . After the complete occupation in the winter of 1945, the entire district was initially placed under the Polish civil administration. The district and district town were given the name Darkiejmy , the Polonized (and previously in use in Poland) name of the district town Darkehmen (Angerapp).
In the late summer or early autumn of 1945, the Soviet occupying power revised the zoning it had previously carried out and moved the border significantly to the south, so that the much larger northern part of the district, including the district town of Darkehmen / Angerapp (Darkiejmy), came under Soviet administration. The Polish migrants who immigrated after the end of the war and who had started to displace and expel the locals, including the Polish civil administration, were expelled from the northern part, which was now administered by the Soviets, at short notice by early 1946 at the latest.
Only a smaller part of the district south of the demarcation line remained under Polish administration and was attached to the district of Węgorzewo (Angerburg). The resident German population, if they had not already fled, was subsequently expelled by the local Polish administrative authorities .
Since the division of East Prussia into administrative zones after the Second World War , the former district town of Angerapp (Darkehmen), renamed in Osjorsk ( Russian Озёрск for "city on the lake") in 1946 in the Russian Oblast of Kaliningrad, has been located .
District administrators
- 1818: Franz von Buttlar
- 1824: Gottfried Benjamin Sperber
- 1849: Arnoldt
- 1849–1851: Wolff (acting)
- 1851–1865: Heinrich von Schirmeister
- 1865–1874: Gustav von Goßler
- 1876–1890: Max Bergmann
- 1890–1891: Hermann von Kruse
- 1892: August von Saucken (Tarputschen)
- 1892–1897: Robert Busenitz
- 1897–1911: Theodor Eggert
- 1911–1920: Alexander von Martius
- 1920-1933: Willi Seroski
- 1933: Henning von Winterfeld
- 1933–1937: Günther Nikolaus
- 1937–1945: Paul Uschdraweit
Local constitution
The county Darkehmen initially divided into the township Darkehmen (June 3, 1938 in "Darkeim" definitively on 16 July 1938 in "Angerapp" renamed ) in rural communities and - until its almost complete loss - in independent estate districts.
With the introduction of the Prussian Municipal Constitutional Law of December 15, 1933 and the German Municipal Code of January 30, 1935, the leader principle was enforced at the municipal level on April 1, 1935 .
On April 1, 1941, the new Gudwallen Army Estate District was formed.
A new district constitution was no longer created; The district regulations for the provinces of East and West Prussia, Brandenburg, Pomerania, Silesia and Saxony from March 19, 1881 continued to apply .
cities and communes
Administrative structure 1945
On January 1, 1945, the district of Angerapp was made up of 163 municipalities, including the city of Angerapp (Darkehmen) and two manor districts:
Districts & municipalities | Population (1939) | comment |
City of Angerapp (until 1938 Darkehmen) | ||
1. Angerapp city | 4,376 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Darkehmen |
Adamsheide district | ||
1. Adamsheide | 262 | |
2. Rogalwalde | 214 | |
3. Schiedelau | 146 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Schidlack |
District Albrechtau | ||
1. Albrechtau | 157 | |
2. Friedeck | 165 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Jautecken |
3. Gutbergen | 124 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Lenkehlischken |
4. Carpau | 342 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Karpowen or Großkarpowen |
Almental district (until 1938, Abschermeningken) | ||
1. Almental | 256 | Renamed February 11, 1932, formerly Abschermeningken |
2. Track sheaves | 270 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Jagotschen |
3. Crutches | 69 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Krugken |
4. Oberhofen (East Pr.) | 82 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Masutschen |
5. Peterkeim | 82 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Petrelskehmen |
District Altheide (until 1938 Skallischen) | ||
1. Altheide (East Pr.) | 324 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Skallischen |
2. Altheide, part of Kr.Angerapp, Forst, community-free manor district | 0 | Renamed 16 July 1938, formerly Skallischen, Forst |
Ballethen district | ||
1. Ballethen | 447 | |
2. Ilgenau | 185 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Illgossen |
3. Hill meadow | 114 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Neu Ragaischen |
4. Loppinnen | 48 | |
5. Mentau | 81 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Groß & Klein Menturren |
6. Missing | 69 | |
Berglingen district (until 1938 Lingwarowen) | ||
1. Berglingen | 156 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Lingwarowen |
2. Groß Illmen | 95 | |
3. Kermen | 250 | Renamed 16 July 1938, formerly Adlig Kermuschienen |
4. Marienwalde | 316 | |
5. Waldkerme | 156 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Piontken |
District of Drachenberg (until 1938 Kallnen) | ||
1. Bruderhof | 155 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Scherrewischken |
2. Dragon Mountain | 89 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Kallnen |
3. King's Garden | 179 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Schwirgsden |
4. Köskeim | 74 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Kossischken / Koszischken |
5. Line marks | 42 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Schaugsten |
6. Meltbach | 79 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Melletschen |
District of Eibenburg (until 1938 Dombrowken) | ||
1. Eibenburg | 296 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Dombrowken |
District Ernstburg | ||
1. Dachshausen | 208 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Abscherningken |
2. Ernstburg | 320 | |
3. Greaves | 198 | |
4. Rüttelsdorf | 147 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Neu Pillkallen |
5. Schönfels | 168 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Escherischken |
District Eschingen (until 1938 Escherningken) | ||
1. Brenndenwalde | 145 | Renamed 16 July 1938, formerly Ischdaggen |
2. Dingelau | 235 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Grasgirren |
3. Eschingen | 287 | Renamed 16 July 1938, formerly Escherningken |
4. Großbachrode | 112 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Groß Kolpacken |
5. Kleedorf (East Pr.) | 74 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Karteningken |
Gahlen district (until 1938 Rogahlen) | ||
1. Balschdorf | 144 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Matzwolla |
2. Gahlen (East Pr.) | 344 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Rogahlen |
3. Great Jahnen | 180 | |
4. Großsteinau | 127 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Skallischkehmen |
5. Gruneiken | 78 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Gruneyken |
6. Hilpertswerder | 84 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Audinischken |
7. Ostkehmen | 67 | |
8. Wittbach | 201 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Wittgirren |
Gailboden district | ||
1. Finkenwalde (East Pr.) | 60 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Muldschählen / Muldszehlen |
2. Gember | 257 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Mallenuppen |
3. Large coarse bees | 181 | |
4. Kamanten | 106 | |
5. Maiden | 107 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Endruschen |
6. Mentoring | 70 | |
Gudwallen district | ||
1. Alt Thalau | 63 | |
2. floodplain | 374 | |
3. Gudwallen | 560 | Disbanded April 1, 1941, partially incorporated into Bretten, Menturren and Gudwallen Heeresguts district |
4. Cross stone | 108 | Renamed 16 July 1938, formerly Klein Pelledauen |
5. Dairy booth | 19th | |
6. New Thalau | 82 | |
7. Schlieben (Ostpr.) | 98 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Schunkarinn |
Gudwallen District, Army Goods District | ||
1. Gudwallen, Army Goods District | ? | April 1, 1941 formed from Gudwallen (partly), Angerapp, Stadt (partly), Auerfluss (partly) and Schlieben (partly) |
Jurisdiction Jürgenfelde (until 1938 Jurgaitschen) | ||
1. Brahetal | 210 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Bratricken |
2. Jürgenfelde | 290 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Jurgaitschen |
3. Konradshof | 216 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Alt Ragaischen |
4. Uhlenhorst | 207 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Lenkimmen |
District of Kanden (until 1938 Kandschen) | ||
1. Erlenflet | 98 | Renamed 16 July 1938, formerly Tarputschen parish Ballethen |
2. Golsaue | 134 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Kuinen |
3. Customers | 155 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Kandschen |
4. Rise | 57 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Ragoschen |
5. Tiefenhagen | 68 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Lengwetschen |
6. Wiesenbrunn (East Pr.) | 93 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly shed |
Karkeim district (Kariotkehmen until 1938) | ||
1. binding mark | 63 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Bindschuhnen / Bindszuhnen |
2. Brunshöfen | 42 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Jewonishks |
3. Gründann | 35 | |
4. Gudwainen | 49 | |
5. Karkeim | 168 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Kariotkehmen |
6. Ramfelde | 113 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Ramoschkehmen |
7. Schudau | 66 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Shudishk |
8. Wildhorst | 99 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Schakumehlen |
Kleinangerapp district (Angerapp until 1938) | ||
1. Kleinangerapp | 388 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Angerapp (municipality) |
Kleinbeinuhnen District (until 1938 Klein Beynuhnen) | ||
1. View | 162 | |
2. Small-legged elk | 369 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Klein Beynuhnen |
District of Kleschauen (until 1938 Kleszowen / Kleschowen) | ||
1. Altentrift | 69 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Tautschillen |
2. Iodanes | 108 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Jodschuhnen / Jodszuhnen |
3. Kleschauen | 163 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Kleszowen / Kleschowen |
4. Kudern | 135 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Kuddern |
5. Langenrück | 69 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Uschballen / Uszballen |
6th rounds | 159 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Worellen |
Kreuzhausen district (until 1938 Tarputschen) | ||
1. Elken | 187 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Elkinehlen |
2. Julienfelde | 150 | |
3. Kreuzhausen | 203 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Schallgirren / Szallgirren |
4. Sauckenhof | 208 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Tarputschen parish Trempen |
5. Tatars | 267 | |
Lautersee district (until 1938 Schabienen) | ||
1. Altlautersee | 135 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Königlich Szabienen, Alt Szabienen / Schabienen |
2. Blinkersee | 117 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Uszblenken / Uschblenken |
3. Bream | 67 | |
4. Christiankehmen | 222 | |
5. Großlautersee | 53 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Groß Szabienen / Schabienen |
6. Kleinzedmar | 69 | Renamed 16 July 1938, formerly Jaggeln |
7. Kleinlautersee | 211 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Klein Schabienen |
8. Messken | 93 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Antmeschken |
9. Flying stairs | 251 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Iodine Tin / Jodschinn |
10. Ursfelde | 91 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Stumbrakehmen |
Ragauen district (until 1938 Groß Ragauen) | ||
1. Brettken | 103 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Groß Bretschkehmen |
2. Groß Ragauen | 204 | |
3. Hasenbrück | 121 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Oscheningken |
4. Klein Ragauen | 58 | |
5. Emergency lines | 73 | |
6. Rob | 122 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Degelgirren |
7. Sea hill | 88 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Eschergallen |
District of Sanden (until 1938 Launingken) | ||
1. Sands | 500 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Launingken |
2. Weir forest | 102 | Renamed 16 July 1938, formerly Neu Eschergallen |
District of Schanzenhöh (until 1938 Ballupönen) | ||
1. Grieswalde | 196 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Griesgirren |
2. Kermenau | 77 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Old and New Kermuschienen |
3. Schanzenhöh | 124 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Alt Ballupönen |
4. Seehagen (Ostpr.) | 50 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Eszerienen / Escherienen |
5. Still heather | 180 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Stobrigkehlen |
District Sillenfelde (Schillehnen) | ||
1. Albrechtshof | 228 | |
2. Old linden tree | 92 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Kruschinnen |
3. Green flower | 73 | |
4. Kranichfelde | 199 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Dumbeln |
5th courses | 131 | |
6. Sillenfelde | 234 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Schillehnen |
7. Wiesenhausen | 180 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Karklienen |
Skirlack district | ||
1. Large ski lacquer | 229 | |
2. pitchers | 205 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Kannehlen |
3. Small ski lacquer | 189 | |
4. Putt chamber | 54 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Potkehmen |
Sobrost district | ||
1. Great Sobrost | 221 | |
2. Large media | 280 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Groß Medunischken |
3. Klein Sobrost | 139 | |
Sodehen district | ||
1. Ammerau | 176 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Auxinnen |
2. Dittwiese | 66 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Didwischken |
3. Greater Callus | 104 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Groß Kallwischken |
4. Laboratories | 184 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Labowischken |
5. Rosenberg | 50 | |
6. Tendon tendons | 422 | |
District of Stroppau (Kunigehlen until 1938) | ||
1. Altsauswalde | 142 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Alt Sausköyen |
2. Legged elk | 215 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Groß Beynuhnen |
3. New legs | 92 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Neu Beynuhnen |
4. Neusauswalde | 82 | Renamed 16 July 1938, formerly New Sauskoyen |
5. Sandeck | 126 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Kundschicken |
6. Stroppau | 292 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Kunigehlen |
Trempen district | ||
1. Trempen | 872 | |
Weedern District | ||
1. Balsken | 133 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Balschkehmen |
2. Bidenteich | 173 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Bidschuhnen / Bidszuhnen |
3. Hallway | 338 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Hallwischken |
4. Jungferngrund | 67 | Renamed 16 July 1938, formerly Groß Pelledauen |
5. Small coarse bees | 69 | |
6. Schimmelhof | 90 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Klein Darkehmen |
7. Schönwall | 70 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Puikwallen |
8. Ströpken | 259 | |
District Wiecken (until 1938 Wikischken) | ||
1. Großzedmar | 108 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Astrawischken |
2. Grünsiedel | 94 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Wantischken |
3. Kleinbachrode | 90 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Klein Kolpacken |
4. Rosskamp | 111 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Auxkallen / Augstkallen |
5. Wiecken | 268 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Wikischken |
Wilhelmsberg district | ||
1. Friedrichsberg | 310 | |
2. Fritzenau | 132 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Kermuschienen |
3. Grimmen (Eastern Pr.) | 266 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Pogrimmen |
4. Murmur (Ostpr.) | 105 | Renamed July 16, 1938, formerly Raudohnen |
5. Wilhelmsberg | 578 |
Place names
On June 3, 1938 - with official confirmation of July 16, 1938 - extensive renaming of place names took place in the Angerapp district (until 1938 Darkehmen district) due to an order from the Gauleiter and Upper President of East Prussia, Erich Koch . These were mostly phonetic adjustments, translations or free inventions. Not only the city of Darkehmen received the new name Angerapp (a few weeks still: Darkeim), but also 117 of 165 parishes in the district were renamed.
In addition to the town of Darkehmen (= Angerapp), the towns now located on Russian and Polish territory were renamed :
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literature
- Gustav Neumann : Geography of the Prussian State. 2nd edition, Volume 2, Berlin 1874, p. 31, item 9.
Web links
- District Darkehmen / Angerapp Administrative history and district administration list on the website territorial.de (Rolf Jehke), as of July 6, 2013.
- GenWiki: District of Darkehmen
- Michael Rademacher, German-Austrian local register
- Kreisgemeinschaft Angerapp ( Memento from July 22, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://historia-wyzynaelblaska.pl/granica-polsko-radziecka-wb.-prusach-wschodnich.html
- ↑ see map section of the book: East Germany under foreign administration I: East Prussia 1945 - 1955 ; Alfred Metzner Verlag Frankfurt / M. Berlin, 1955
- ^ Horst Romeyk : The leading state and municipal administrative officials of the Rhine Province 1816–1945 (= publications of the Society for Rhenish History . Volume 69 ). Droste, Düsseldorf 1994, ISBN 3-7700-7585-4 , p. 589 .
- ^ Community encyclopedia for the Free State of Prussia, Volume 1: Province of East Prussia, Berlin 1931
- ^ Official directory of the German Reich 1939, 2nd edition 1941
- ^ Official directory of the German Reich 1939, 2nd edition 1941
- ^ Andreas Kossert (2003). “'Grenzlandpolitik' and Ostforschung on the periphery of the empire. East Prussian Masuria 1919–1945 ”. Quarterly Issues for Contemporary History , Volume 51, Issue 2, April 2003, Page 141 ( PDF )
- ↑ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. darkehmen.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ^ List at the Association for Computer Genealogy