Ołownik

Ołownik with: Ołownik (osada)
	Ołownik with: Ołownik (osada)
Basic data
State :	Poland
Voivodeship :	Warmia-Masuria
Powiat :	Węgorzewo
Gmina :	Budry
Geographic location :	54 ° 19 ′  N , 21 ° 50 ′  E Coordinates: 54 ° 19 ′ 1 ″  N , 21 ° 49 ′ 32 ″  E
Residents :
Telephone code :	(+48) 87
License plate :	NWE
Economy and Transport
Street :	Pawłowo ↔ Dąbrówka
	Ołownik → State border ( PL / RUS )
Rail route :	no rail connection
Next international airport :	Danzig

The Angerapp near Ołownik (Launingken / Sanden)

Ołownik ( German  Launingken , 1938 to 1945 Sanden ) with the settlement (osada) Ołownik is a place in the Polish Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship , which belongs to the rural community Budry (Buddern) in the powiat Węgorzewski ( Angerburg district ).

Geographical location

Ołownik is located in the northeast of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship on the north bank of the Angerapp ( Polish Węgorapa ). It is 17 kilometers to the north-east to the former district town of Darkehmen (1938 to 1946 Angerapp, today Russian Osjorsk ), which is now on Russian territory , while the current district metropolis of Węgorzewo (Angerburg) can be reached in twelve kilometers in a south-westerly direction.

Ołownik is an elongated place: in the south the village on the road to Dąbrówka (Dombrowken , 1938 to 1945 Eibenburg) , in the north the settlement on the road that disappears in the border area and earlier to Kowarren (1938 to 1946 Kleinfriedeck , Russian Saosjornoje) passed on.

history

The small village , called Olownicken before 1785 , Groß Launigken around 1785 , Launicken after 1785 , Launinken after 1818 and Launingken until 1938, gained national importance through its brickworks and between 1914 and 1945 through the station on the Angerburg – Gumbinnen line . Until 1945 the localities of Alt Eszergallen (1936 to 1938 Eschergallen , 1938 to 1945 Sandenwalde ), Neusorge and Wald Illmen (both no longer exist and are now on Russian territory) as well as Friedrichsfelde (1938 to 1945 Sandenfelde, Polish: Pochwałki ) and Nonnenberg ( Polish Miniszki).

On May 6, 1874 Launingken office Village was and names determinative of the District , who - on 12 January 1939 in "District sands" renamed - existed until 1945 and the county Darkehmen (called 1939-1945 "County Angerapp") in the Administrative district Gumbinnen of belonged to the Prussian province of East Prussia .

The Launingken manor had a total of 477 inhabitants in 1910 and 623 in 1925, with the number decreasing to 483 by 1933 and to 500 in 1939.

On June 3, 1938, Launingken was renamed "Sanden". The decisive factor for this was the political-ideological motivation to avoid place names that sound strange.

As a result of the war, the place came to Poland in 1945 along with all of southern East Prussia and has since been known as “Ołownik” in Polish. Today the place is the seat of a Schulzenamt ( Polish sołectwo ), which includes the neighboring village of Pochwałki (Friedrichsfelde , 1938 to 1945 Sanden) , and a district of the rural community Budry (Buddern) , from the Darkehmen district to the Powiat Węgorzewski ( Angerburg district ) " changed ”, before 1998 to the Suwałki Voivodeship , since then to the Warmia-Masurian Voivodeship .

Ołownik hydroelectric power station on the Angerapp

During the Second World War , the Launingker manor house was razed to the ground. The writer, naturalist and poet Walter von Sanden-Guja (1888–1972) spent his youth here. Despite its overgrown condition, the old park is a reminder that garden culture was cultivated here for generations.

In Ołownik there is a hydroelectric power station (Elektrownia woda) on the Angerapp .

Launingken / Sanden district (1874–1945)

The Launingken (Sanden) district was made up of the following villages:

Surname	Change name from 1938 to 1945	Today's name	Remarks
New Eszergallen 1936–38: New Eschergallen	Weir forest
Launingken	Sands	Ołownik
before 1908: Klein Illmen			1928 incorporated into Marienwalde
before 1908: Marienwalde		Maryszki	1935 reclassified to the Lingwarowen district
before 1908: Illmen forest			1928 incorporated into Launingken

On January 1, 1945, only Wehrwalde and Sanden belonged to the district.

Religions

Before 1945, Launingken and its localities were parish in the Protestant church of Dombrowken in the church province of East Prussia, the Church of the Old Prussian Union, and in the Catholic Church in Darkehmen in the Diocese of Warmia .

Today the Catholic inhabitants of the village and the settlement of Ołownik belong to the parish of Olszewo Węgorzewskie (Olschöwen , 1938 to 1945 Kanitz) , which maintains a branch church here in Ołownik . It belongs to the diocese of Ełk (Lyck) of the Roman Catholic Church in Poland . The Protestant church members orientate themselves towards the parish in Węgorzewo (Angerburg) , a branch parish of the parish in Giżycko (Lötzen) , in the diocese of Masuria of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .

Personalities

• Alfred von Sanden (born February 20, 1861 on Gut Launingken; † 1935), landowner on Launingken, Prussian chamberlain, legal knight of the Order of St. John, member of the Prussian manor house

traffic

The village of Ołownik is located on a side street that connects Pawłowo (Paulswalde) and Dąbrówka (Dombrowken , Eibenburg from 1938 to 1945 ) . In the village there is a road branch to the settlement in the immediate area of ​​the state border between Poland and Russia (EU external border).

From 1914 to 1945 the place was a train station on the Angerburg – Gumbinnen line . The station was two kilometers north of the village. The railway line was shut down and mostly dismantled due to the war and the drawing of the border.

Web links

Commons : Ołownik  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ^ Dietrich Lange, Geographical Location Register East Prussia (2005): Sanden
2. ↑ ^{a b} Rolf Jehke, Launingken / Sanden district
3. ^ Uli Schubert, municipality directory, district Darkehmen
4. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Darkehmen district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). 
5. ^ Ołownik - Launingken / Sanden
6. ↑ Walther Hubatsch : History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia. Volume 3 documents. Göttingen 1968, p. 477