Lipica (Sępopol)
| Lipica | |||
|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||
| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Warmia-Masuria | ||
| Powiat : | Bartoszyce | ||
| Gmina : | Sępopol | ||
| Geographic location : | 54 ° 20 ' N , 21 ° 7' E | ||
| Residents : | |||
| Postal code : | 11-210 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 89 | ||
| License plate : | NBA | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Krelikiejmy and Skandawa → Lipica | ||
| Rail route : | no rail connection | ||
| Next international airport : | Danzig | ||
| Kaliningrad | |||
Lipica (German Lindenau, Gerdauen district ) is a place in the Polish Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship . It is located in the Powiat Bartoszycki ( Bartenstein district ) and belongs to the urban and rural municipality of Sępopol (Schippenbeil) .
geography
Lipica is located one kilometer south of the Polish-Russian state border and can be reached via secondary roads that lead from Krelikiejmy (Kröligkeim) and Skandawa (Skandau) to the village and which from here united before 1945 into what is now Russian territory with the Villages Groß Schönau (Russian: Peskowo, no longer existent), Kaydann (Bytschkowo) and Friedenberg (Dworkino) ran to Reichsstraße 131 (today Russian trunk road A 196 ).
history
The Commander of Brandenburg (on the Frischen Haff ), Günther von Hohenstein , awarded 93 Waldhufen to a Klawcke and the brothers Matthies and Bertholh Tolcke von Merckelyngerode in 1379 . The village of Lindenau was founded in the forest area. It consisted of a manor and several farms. The hand festival was renewed between 1477 and 1489.
At the end of the 15th century, members of the zu Eulenburg-Prassen family were named as owners. In 1663 Jonas Casimir zu Eulenburg pledged his property, which soon passed to the von Podewils family . In 1780 the actually noble estate belonged to pastor Theodor Pfeiffer , who sold it to a Bernhardi family .
In 1814 Johann Friedrich Pauly leased the Lindenau estate and became its owner in 1817. But by the end of the 1820s he had to put it up for auction. Subsequent owners have been little researched.
1874 Lindenau was the eponymous town and village office of the local district Lindenau newly formed in the district Gerdauen in the administrative district of Konigsberg the Prussian province of East Prussia . In 1910 - during this time the estate grew to a size of more than 2100 hectares - 439 inhabitants lived in the estate district and in the rural community of Lindenau.
In the 1920s the estate was relocated and a remnant and 26 settler sites were created. The Keulenburg Vorwerk (now known as Golubewo on Russian territory) belonging to the manor remained an independent property. The Vorwerke Amma and Heinrichshof were also relocated, and the twelve newly created settlement sites came to the neighboring community of Friedenberg . In 1933 Lindenau had 436 inhabitants and in 1939 there were 426.
In 1945 the residents of Lindenau fled west. The place came to Poland with southern East Prussia and was named Lipica . In addition, he moved from the Gerdauen district to the Powiat Bartoszycki and is now the seat of a Schulzenamt (with the villages of Gaj (Grünhof) , Melejdy (Mehleden) , Romaliny (Romahnshof) and Smodajny (Schmodehnen) ) within the city and rural community of Sępopol in the voivodeship Warmian-Masurian (1975 to 1998 Olsztyn Voivodeship ).
The brick church and some settlement houses still remind us of the time before 1945, unless they were near the border and were demolished. In contrast, the manor house, the farm buildings and two Insthäuser were completely demolished.
Lindenau district
On April 9, 1874, the Lindenau district was formed, which existed until 1945. The former official area is now divided by the Russian-Polish state border. The "founding communities" of 1874 included:
| Name (until 1945) | Name (after 1945) / country | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Rural communities : | ||
| Gross Schönau | Peskowo / RUS |
Due to its location in today's border area, the place no longer exists |
| Kaydann | Bychkowo / RUS | |
| Keulenburg | Golubewo / RUS | |
| Lindenau | Lipica / PL | |
| Manor districts : | ||
| Keulenburg | Golubewo / RUS | |
| Lindenau | Lipica / PL | 1928 incorporated into the rural community of Lindenau |
| Rod lacquer | Stabławki / PL | 1928 incorporated into the rural community of Groß Schönau |
On January 1, 1945, the three communities Groß Schönau, Kaydann and Lindenau still belonged to the Lindenau district.
Religions
Church building
The brick church with the massive tower and east gable, built in the second half of the 14th century, survived the Second World War . A little later, the sacristy added to the north was built , while the vestibule to the south is from 1875.
The interior of the church is covered by a flat wooden barrel ceiling. The altar and the angel carrying the pulpit (from 1596) date with other fittings from the beginning of the 18th century.
In 1965 the building was renovated. A Protestant church until 1945 , today it serves Catholic Christians as a place of worship, which they dedicated to the apostles Peter and Paul . Before 1945 it was a branch church, today it has become a parish church.
Parish
Lindenau, with its predominantly Protestant population, was its own parish until 1945, but it was a subsidiary of the parish village Groß Schönau (Russian: Peskowo, no longer exists today). The parish Grossschönau-Lindenau belonged to the parish of Gerdauen within the ecclesiastical province of East Prussia the Prussian Union of churches . The churches in Groß Schönau and Lindenau were among the fortified churches of the German order built around 1360 .
A predominantly Catholic population has lived in Lipica since 1945. A parish was established here, which today belongs to the Deanery of Sępopol in the Diocese of Warmia of the Catholic Church in Poland . Affiliated with the parish are the subsidiary churches Gaj (Grünhof) and Gierkiny (Gerkiehnen) .
Protestant church members living here now belong to the church in Bartoszyce , which is a branch church of the Kętrzyn parish within the Masurian diocese of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .
Parish locations until 1945
The parish of Groß Schönau-Lindenau was - despite its two churches - one of the smallest in the Gerdauen parish. Here, too, today's Polish-Russian state border separates the former parish area. This included the locations:
| Name (until 1945) | Name (after 1945) / country |
|---|---|
| Gross Schönau | Peskowo / RUS |
| Hartels | - / PL |
| Kaydann | Bychkowo / RUS |
| Keulenburg | Golubewo / RUS |
| Lindenau | Lipica / PL |
| Rod lacquer | Stabławki / PL |
Pastor (until 1945)
The Lindenau parish “shared” a pastor with the Groß Schönauers, whose official seat was in Groß Schönau. Until 1945 officiated as Protestant clergy in Groß Schönau-Lindenau:
|
|
school
Lindenau had its own elementary school until 1945.
Individual evidence
- ^ Lipica - Lindenau
- ^ Rolf Jehke: Lindenau district
- ^ Uli Schubert: Community directory. District of Gerdauen.
- ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Landkreis Gerdauen (Russian Schelesnodoroschnyj). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ^ Wulf D. Wagner: Culture in rural East Prussia. Volume 2, 2008
- ↑ Parish of Groß Schönau-Lindenau
- ^ Friedwald Moeller: Old Prussian Evangelical Pastor's Book from the Reformation to the Expulsion in 1945. Hamburg 1968, pp. 47-48