Ernst Müller-Meiningen

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Ernst Müller-Meiningen as a member of the Reichstag in 1912

Ernst Müller-Meiningen (born August 11, 1866 in Mühlhof near Schwabach ; † June 1, 1944 in Munich ) was Bavarian Minister of Justice , Senate President at the Bavarian Supreme Court and a member of the Reichstag .

Life

Born as Ernst Müller, he was shaped by his father, a liberal teacher from Middle Franconia. He passed his Abitur at the Melanchthon High School in Nuremberg in 1886. The degree enabled him to do his military service as a one-year volunteer with the 1st Bavarian Infantry Regiment . After studying law , he received his doctorate in Erlangen in 1892. In 1895 he entered the civil service. In 1896 he became a public prosecutor in Schweinfurt, in 1898 a district judge in Fürth and in the same year a member of the Reichstag. He won the Thuringian constituency of Meiningen-Hildburghausen for the Free People's Party and kept it until 1918. To distinguish it from parliamentarians of the same name, that of the constituency was added to his name. As a southern German in a northern German parliamentary group, Müller-Meiningen belonged to Eugen Richter's appendix . After the turn of the century he turned into a proponent of German world politics with the place in the sun . He was appointed regional judge in 1903 and higher regional judge in 1906. During the First World War, the views of the "national-patriotic left-wing liberal" moved in the direction of nationalist positions. When the war opponents among the Reichstag deputies tried to bring their views into the Reichstag debates around Karl Liebknecht at the beginning of 1915 , Rosa Luxemburg reports : “While shouting“ Treason ! ”The Hubrich and Müller-Meiningen throw their fists at anyone who climbs the Reichstag grandstand To criticize the government. ”His position on the revolution of 1918 can be read from the fact that he claimed the authorship of the concept of the stab in the back.

As a member of the DDP , Müller-Meiningen headed the Bavarian Ministry of Justice from May 1919. He advocated the military suppression of the Munich Soviet Republic . As Minister of Justice, Müller-Meiningen played a key role in converting the people's courts created during the revolution into the instrument of the Bavarian regulatory cell. The people's courts, which were illegal under the Weimar Constitution, were responsible for numerous judgments: harsh penalties against supporters of the Soviet Republic ( Ernst Toller , Felix Fechenbach ), leniency towards political extremists from the right ( Anton Graf von Arco auf Valley , Hitler ) - responsible. Kurt Tucholsky characterizes him in 1921: “The democrat Müller-Meiningen, a better gentleman who already distinguished himself during the war by leaving a piece of writing under him: We need a Reich Youth Service ! (Imagine that!) - this democrat slandered the defenseless prisoners in the press at the time, and then, as Minister of Justice, by means of an ordinance, contrary to the provisions of the penal code , he revoked the privileges for prisoners in the fortress . ”He officiated seamlessly in the Bavarian State government under Gustav von Kahr continued as Minister of Justice and even became Deputy Prime Minister. After the defeat of the DDP in the state elections in July 1920 , he had to resign. Since he supported the election of Paul von Hindenburg as Reich President and viewed the republic as a "form of government imposed by bitter hardship", Müller-Meiningen resigned from the state parliament in 1924 and from the DDP the following year. Although courted by the right-wing liberal German People's Party , Müller-Meiningen withdrew completely from politics. His legal career culminated in 1928 when he was appointed President of the Senate at the Supreme Court, to which he had belonged since 1920. In 1934 he was retired and lived in seclusion in Munich until his death in 1944.

engagement

From 1920 to 1928 Ernst Müller-Meiningen was President of TSV 1860 Munich .

family

His son of the same name, who added the addition "jr." To his name to distinguish it from his father, was known as Ernst Müller-Meiningen jr. one of the leading journalists of the Süddeutsche Zeitung for decades .

Fonts

  • Diplomacy and World War. A guide through the origins and spread of the world crisis based on the official materials . Reimer, Berlin 1917.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Carl-Wilhelm Reibel: Handbook of the Reichstag elections 1890-1918. Alliances, results, candidates . Second half volume. (= Handbooks on the history of parliamentarism and political parties. Volume 15). Droste Verlag, Düsseldorf 2007, pp. 1426-1429.
  2. ↑ Lars-Broder Keil , Sven Felix Kellerhoff : German legends: from the "dagger stab" and other myths of history. Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-86153-257-3 , p. 36.
  3. ^ Franz J. Bauer, Eduard Schmidt: The Bavarian People's Courts 1918-1924. The problem of their compatibility with the Weimar constitution. In: Journal for Bavarian State History. Volume 48, 1985, pp. 449-478 (digitized version )
  4. ↑ Ignaz Wrobel: Give him a treat - he cannot defend himself! In: World on Monday. November 21, 1921. cit. to http://www.textlog.de/tucholsky-saures-wehren.html
  5. ^ All Lion Presidents ( Memento from December 27, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) of TSV 1860, accessed on July 12, 2011.
personal data
SURNAME Müller-Meiningen, Ernst
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Müller, Ernst (maiden name); Müller-Meiningen, Ernst sr.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German politicians (DDP, FVP, FVp), MdR
DATE OF BIRTH August 11, 1866
PLACE OF BIRTH Mühlhof near Schwabach
DATE OF DEATH June 1, 1944
Place of death Munich