Samter district

The Samter district within the boundaries from 1818 to 1919

Administrative division of the Province of Posen (as of 1919) District Bydgoszcz District Posen

The Samter district on the northern edge of the Prussian province of Posen existed from 1818 to 1918. The former district area today belongs to the Polish Wielkopolska Voivodeship and roughly corresponds to the area of the Polish successor district Powiat Szamotulski .

size

The Samter district had an area of 1093 km².

history

After the Second Partition of Poland from 1793 to 1807, the area around the western Polish city of Samter belonged to the Obornik district in the Prussian province of South Prussia . After the Peace of Tilsit , the area became part of the Duchy of Warsaw in 1807 . After the Congress of Vienna on May 15, 1815, the area again fell to the Kingdom of Prussia and came to the Posen administrative district in the Posen Province.

As part of the Prussian administrative reforms , the Samter district was formed on January 1, 1818 from the western part of the old Obornik district . The town of Samter became the district town and seat of the District Office .

As part of the province of Posen, the Samter district became part of the newly founded German Empire on January 18, 1871 , against which the Polish MPs protested in the new Reichstag on April 1, 1871.

On December 27, 1918, the Greater Poland uprising of the Polish majority against German rule began in the province of Posen , and on the same day the district town of Samter was under Polish control. On February 16, 1919, an armistice ended the Polish-German fighting, and on June 28, 1919, the German government officially ceded the Samter district to the newly founded Poland with the signing of the Versailles Treaty .

Population development

year	Residents	source
1818	25,321
1846	43,067
1871	50,436
1890	54,498
1900	60,412
1910	66,856

Of the population in 1890, 72% were Poles, 24% Germans and 4% Jews. Some of the German residents left the area after 1918.

politics

District administrators

1820- Zaydler000000

1836–1838 Ernst von Motz (1805–1858)00
1838–1852 Gustav von Haza-Radlitz (1795–1852)00
1853–1860 Albert von Puttkamer (1797–1861)00
1862–1870 Christian Julius von Massenbach (1832–1904)00
1873–1878 Arthur von Knobloch (1825–1901)00
1879–1887 Sigismund von Dziembowski (1849–1915)00
1887–1899 Günther von Blanckenburg (1858–1932) (1887: provisional )00

1900–1904 Paul Ramm ( acting )00

1904–1909 Matthias von Oppen (1873–1924)00
1909–1918 Wilhelm von Born-Fallois (1878–1934)00

elections

The district of Samter belonged together with the districts of Birnbaum , Obornik and Schwerin an der Warthe to the Posen 2 Reichstag constituency . The constituency was won by the following candidates in the Reichstag elections between 1871 and 1912:

1871 Ludwig von Rönne , National Liberal Party00
1874 Ludwig Zietkiewicz , Polish parliamentary group00
1877 Stephan von Kwilecki , Polish parliamentary group00

187800 Stephan von Kwilecki, Polish parliamentary group

188100 Stephan von Kwilecki, Polish parliamentary group

188400 Stephan von Kwilecki, Polish parliamentary group

1887 Hector von Kwilecki , Polish parliamentary group00

189000 Hector von Kwilecki, Polish parliamentary group

189300 Hector von Kwilecki, Polish parliamentary group

189800 Hector von Kwilecki, Polish parliamentary group

1903 Mathias von Brudzewo-Mielzynski , Polish parliamentary group00

190700 Mathias von Brudzewo-Mielzynski, Polish parliamentary group (52.3% of the vote)

191200 Mathias von Brudzewo-Mielzynski, Polish parliamentary group (52.7% of the vote)

Municipal structure

The five towns in the district were Obersitzko , Pinne , Samter , Scharfenort and Wronke . The (as of 1908) 96 rural communities and 67 manor districts were combined to form police districts.

Communities

At the beginning of the 20th century the following communities belonged to the district:

Bielawy near Wronke
Biezdrowo
Binino
Brzoza
Bushevo
Ceradz Dolny
Chelmno village
Chelmno Hauland
Chojno
Chrusty
Cmachowo
Czysciec
Dobrogostovo
Shower technology
Falkenried
Frehal
Galowo
Gluchowo
Gnushin
Gonsawy
Gorgoshevo
Grodziszczko
Big gay
Great Psarskie Hauland
Grünberg
Jasionna
Yastrovo
Kammthal
Karolin
Kazmierz
Kionchin
Little gay
Klein Psarskie Hauland
Klodzisko
Klutschewo
Kobusch
Konin
Koninko
Konsinowo
Koschanowo
Kozmin
Krzeszkowice
Kunowo
Kuzle
Lipnica
Lubosin
Luboszesnica
Lubowo
Mieschisk
Mlynkowo
Neubrück
Neudorf near Wronke
Neuthal
Niewierz
Nossalewo
Obelzanki
Obersitzko , city
Oporowo
Orliczko
Ostrolesia
Ottorowo
Pakawie
Peterawe
Peterkovko
Piersko
Piervoshevo
Tiller , city
Tiller , village
Podpniewki
Podrzewie
Popowo
Radlau
Retschin
Roshki
Rudki
Rudki Hauland
Samolentsch
Samter , city
Sandhofen
Sarbia
Scharfenort , city
Sendzin
Sendzinko
Senkovo
Slopanowo
Smilowo
Szcepankowo
Turowo village
Turowo Hauland
Twardowo
Wielonek
Wierzchaczewo
Wierzchocin
Wierzeja
Wilczyn
Vilkovo
Witkowice
Wroblewo
Wronke , city
Zayontschkowo
Zakrzewko
Zamorze
Zapust

With a few exceptions, the Polish place names continued to apply after 1815, and several place names were Germanized at the beginning of the 20th century.

literature

Gustav Neumann : Geography of the Prussian State . 2nd edition, Volume 2, Berlin 1874, pp. 149-150, item 9.
Royal Statistical Bureau: The municipalities and manor districts of the Prussian state and their population. Edited and compiled from the original materials of the general census of December 1, 1871. Part IV: The Province of Posen , Berlin 1874, pp. 76-83 ( e-copy, pp. 83-90 ).
ACA Friedrich: Historical-geographical representation of old and new Poland . Berlin 1839, p. 571.
Leopold von Zedlitz-Neukirch : The Prussian state in all its relations . Volume 3, Berlin 1837, pp. 163-164, item 13.
M. Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. (online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006)

Web links

Commons : Kreis Samter - collection of images, videos and audio files

District of Samter administrative history and the district administrators on the website territorial.de (Rolf Jehke), as of August 17, 2013.

Individual evidence

^ Christian Gottfried Daniel Stein: Handbook of Geography and Statistics of the Prussian State . Vossische Buchhandlung, Berlin 1819 ( digitized version [accessed on August 8, 2018]).
↑ Royal Statistical Bureau (ed.): Mittheilungen des Statistisches Bureau's in Berlin, Volume 2 . Population of the districts. ( Digitized version ).
^ The municipalities and manors of the Poznan Province and their population in 1871
↑ ^a ^b ^{c Register of} municipalities Germany 1900 - Kingdom of Prussia - Province of Posen - District of Posen. In: gemeindeververzeichnis.de. Retrieved March 19, 2020 .
↑ Hans Booms , Marian Wojciechowski , Heinz Boberach (ed.): Germans and Poles in the Revolution 1848 - 1849: Documents from German and Polish archives (= Federal Archives Koblenz [ed.]: Writings of the Federal Archives . Volume 37 ). Boldt, Boppard am Rhein 1991, ISBN 3-7646-1898-1 , p. 689 .
↑ individual proof
↑ individual proof
^ ^A ^b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history (dissertation): District of Jarotschin

[1] Christian Gottfried Daniel Stein: Handbook of Geography and Statistics of the Prussian State . Vossische Buchhandlung, Berlin 1819 ( digitized version [accessed on August 8, 2018]).

[2] Royal Statistical Bureau (ed.): Mittheilungen des Statistisches Bureau's in Berlin, Volume 2 . Population of the districts. ( Digitized version ).

[3] The municipalities and manors of the Poznan Province and their population in 1871

[gvz-4] {c Register of} municipalities Germany 1900 - Kingdom of Prussia - Province of Posen - District of Posen. In: gemeindeververzeichnis.de. Retrieved March 19, 2020 .

[5] Hans Booms , Marian Wojciechowski , Heinz Boberach (ed.): Germans and Poles in the Revolution 1848 - 1849: Documents from German and Polish archives (= Federal Archives Koblenz [ed.]: Writings of the Federal Archives . Volume 37 ). Boldt, Boppard am Rhein 1991, ISBN 3-7646-1898-1 , p. 689 .

[6] vidual proof

[7] vidual proof

[Rademacher-8] A ^b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history (dissertation): District of Jarotschin