Schildberg district

The Schildberg district within the boundaries from 1818 to 1887

Administrative division of the Province of Posen (as of 1899) District Bydgoszcz District Posen





The Schildberg district within the boundaries from 1887 to 1919

The Schildberg district existed from 1793 to 1807 in the Prussian province of South Prussia and from 1815 to 1919 in the Prussian province of Posen .

size

The Schildberg district last had an area of ​​519 km².

history

After the Third Partition of Poland from 1793 to 1807, the area around the Greater Poland city ​​of Ostrzeszow belonged to the Ostrzeszow district in the Prussian province of South Prussia. With the Peace of Tilsit the area became part of the Duchy of Warsaw in 1807 . After the Congress of Vienna , on May 15, 1815, it fell again to the Kingdom of Prussia and became part of the Poznan administrative district of the Poznan Province.

During the Prussian administrative reforms , a district reform was carried out in the Posen administrative region on January 1, 1818, during which the Ostrzeszow district remained essentially unchanged. The town of Ostrzeszow was the district town and seat of the District Office . Since around the 1830s, the German name Schildberg has been used in official parlance for town and district. On October 1, 1855, the seat of the District Office was moved from Schildberg to the city of Kempen .

As part of Prussia, the entire province of Posen became part of the newly founded German Empire on January 18, 1871 , against which the Polish MPs protested in the new Reichstag on April 1, 1871.

On October 1, 1887, the southern half of the Schildberg district was separated and formed into the new Kempen district .

On December 27, 1918, the Wielkopolska uprising of the Polish majority against German rule began in the province of Posen , and within a few days the district came under Polish control, except for the southwestern edge around the municipality of Kobyla Góra.

On February 16, 1919, an armistice ended the Polish-German fighting, and on June 28, 1919, the German government officially ceded the Schildberg district to newly founded Poland with the signing of the Treaty of Versailles . On November 25, 1919, Germany and Poland concluded an agreement on the evacuation and surrender of the areas to be ceded, which was ratified on January 10, 1920. The evacuation of the remaining area under German control including the city of Kobyla Góra and handover to Poland took place between January 17 and February 4, 1920.

The Schildberg district became the Polish powiat Ostrzeszowski . In 1932 the powiat was dissolved and connected to the southern neighboring powiat Kępiński .

Population development

year	Residents	source
1818	40,985
1846	57,532
1871	62,671
1890	32.505
1900	34,021
1910	37,290

In 1890, 87% of the inhabitants of the district were Poles, 10% Germans and 3% Jews. A large part of the German residents left the area after 1919. The Jewish residents were murdered by the German occupation authorities during World War II .

politics

District administrators

1795–1806 Johann Rudolf von Zawadsky00

1818–1832 Peter von Zychlinski00

1832-1851 00by Borowski

1850–1851 August von Mitschke-Collande (1810–1877) ( interim )00

1852–1863 Marcell von Rappard († 1865)00

1863 Maximilian Senfft von Pilsach (1821–1903)0000000

1868-1880 00Liman

1880–1887 Gustav von Scheele (1844–1925)00

1887–1896 Hugo von Goetze00

1896-1897 00Brinckmann

1897–1905 Richard von Doemming00

1905 Carl Mosler (1869–1905) ( acting )0000000

1905–1918 00Ernst von der Wense

elections

The Schildberg district was part of the Posen 10th Reichstag constituency . The constituency was won by candidates from the Polish parliamentary group in all parliamentary elections; 1871 by Peter von Szembek and in all subsequent elections until 1912 by Ferdinand von Radziwill .

Municipal structure

The last three cities of Schildberg, Grabow and Mixstadt belonged to the Schildberg district . The (as of 1908) 47 rural communities and 25 manor districts were combined into police districts.

Communities

At the beginning of the 20th century the following communities belonged to the district:

Bärwalde Bierzow Biskupice zaboryczne Bobrownik Bukownica Cäcilienthal Chlevo Dorukhov Godzientow Gora Grabow , city Grabow pustkowie Ignacov

Kaliszkowice kaliskie Kaliszkowice olobockie Kamillenthal Kobylagora Komorov Kotlow Kuznica bobrowska Kuznica myslniewska Ligota Luisenthal Marienthal Marszalki Mieleszkowka

Mixstadt , city Mostki Myslniev Naumannshof Olszyna Ottosberg Parzynov Przedborow Przytocznica Rogaszyce Rojow Schildberg , city Siedlec

Siedlikow Skarydzew Strzyzew Tokarsev Tonia Ulrikenfeld Wygoda plugawska Xionzenice Zayontschki Zmyslona ligocka Zmyslona parzynowska

With a few exceptions, the Polish place names continued to apply after 1815, and several place names were Germanized at the beginning of the 20th century.

literature

• Gustav Neumann : Geography of the Prussian State . 2nd edition, Volume 2, Berlin 1874, pp. 154-155, item 18.
• Royal Statistical Bureau: The municipalities and manor districts of the Prussian state and their population. Edited and compiled from the original materials of the general census of December 1, 1871. Part IV: The Province of Posen , Berlin 1874, pp. 136–145 ( E-Copy, pp. 143-152 ).
• ACA Friedrich: Historical-geographical representation of old and new Poland . Berlin 1839, p. 579.
• Leopold von Zedlitz-Neukirch : The Prussian state in all its relations . Volume 3, Berlin 1837, pp. 164-165, paragraph 14.
• M. Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. (online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006)

Web links

Commons : Kreis Schildberg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Kreis Schildberg administrative history and the district administrators on the website territorial.de (Rolf Jehke), as of August 17, 2013.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d} www.gemeindeververzeichnis.de
2. ↑ Historical, statistical, topographical description of South Prussia, 1798
3. ↑ Walther Hubatsch (ed.): Outline of German administrative history 1815-1945. Johann Gottfried Herder Institute, Marburg / Lahn; Volume 2, Part 1: Province of Poznan. edited by Dieter Stüttgen, 1975, ISBN 3-87969-109-6
4. ↑ Timeline on territorial.de
5. ↑ ACA Friederich: Historical-geographical representation of old and new Poland . Stuhrsche Buchhandlung, Berlin ( digitized version [accessed on August 8, 2018]).
6. ↑ Royal Statistical Bureau (ed.): Mittheilungen des Statistisches Bureau's in Berlin, Volume 2 . Population of the districts. ( Digitized version ).
7. ^ The municipalities and manors of the Poznan Province and their population in 1871
8. ^ Rolf Straubel : Biographical manual of the Prussian administrative and judicial officials 1740–1806 / 15 . In: Historical Commission to Berlin (Ed.): Individual publications . 85. KG Saur Verlag, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-598-23229-9 .