District of Grätz

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The district of Grätz
Kreis Adelnau Kreis Birnbaum Kreis Bomst Landkreis Bromberg Kreis Czarnikau Kreis Filehne Kreis Fraustadt Kreis Gnesen Kreis Gostyn Kreis Grätz Kreis Hohensalza Kreis Jarotschin Kreis Kempen Kreis Kolmar in Posen Kreis Koschmin Kreis Kosten Kreis Krotoschin Kreis Lissa Kreis Meseritz Kreis Mogilno Kreis Neutomischel Kreis Obornik Kreis Ostrowo Kreis Pleschen Kreis Posen-Ost Kreis Posen-West Kreis Rawitsch Kreis Samter Kreis Schildberg Kreis Schmiegel Kreis Schrimm Kreis Schroda Kreis Schubin Kreis Strelno Kreis Schwerin an der Warthe Kreis Wirsitz Kreis Witkowo Kreis Wongrowitz Kreis Wreschen Kreis Znin Schneidemühl Bydgoszcz Posen
Administrative division of the Province of Posen (as of 1919) District Bydgoszcz District Posen





The district of Grätz in the west of the Prussian province of Posen existed from 1887 to 1918. The former district area today belongs to the Polish Voivodeship of Greater Poland .

size

The district of Grätz had an area of ​​429 km².

prehistory

The district of Grätz to the southwest of Posen and southeast of Neutomischel on a map of the province of Posen from 1905 (areas marked in yellow indicate areas with a predominantly Polish- speaking population at the time .)

The area around the western Polish city of Grodzisk Wielkopolski ( Grätz ) belonged to the Prussian province of South Prussia after the Second Partition of Poland from 1793 to 1807 . After the Peace of Tilsit , the area became part of the Duchy of Warsaw in 1807 .

After the Congress of Vienna on May 15, 1815, the area again fell to the Kingdom of Prussia . Until October 1, 1887, it belonged to the Buk County in the Poznan Administrative Region of the Poznan Province.

Administrative history

On October 1, 1887, the eastern part of the Buk district became the Graetz district, while the western part became the Neutomischel district .

The following came to the new district of Grätz:

  • the cities of Grätz , Buk and Opalenitza ,
  • the police district Grätz,
  • the Buk Police District and
  • Parts of the neighboring police district Kuschlin (rural community Lenker Hauland and the rural communities and manor districts Rudnik, Sliwno, Trzcionka and Turkowo).
The former district office in Grätz

District town and seat of the district office was Grätz.

On December 27, 1918, the Wielkopolska uprising of the Polish majority against German rule began in the province of Posen , and by December 29, 1918 the district town of Grätz was under Polish control.

On February 16, 1919, an armistice ended the Polish-German fighting, and on June 28, 1919, the German government officially ceded the district of Grätz to newly founded Poland with the signing of the Treaty of Versailles . The Grätz district became the Polish powiat Grodzisk . On April 1, 1932, the powiat Grodzisk was dissolved and reunited with the powiat Nowy Tomyśl .

Population development

year Residents source
1890 32,707
1895 33,650
1900 34,420
1910 36,483

Of the population in 1890, 82% were Poles and 18% German. The majority of the German residents left the area after 1919.

politics

District administrators

1887–1899 Daum00
1899-1910 Boltze00
1910–1917 Rudolf von Pommer-Esche (1872–1952)00
1918–1919 von Klitzing ( provisional )00

elections

The circle Gratz was, together with the circles costs , Neutomischel and Schmiegel the Reichstag constituency Poznań 4 . The constituency was won by candidates from the Polish parliamentary group in the Reichstag elections between 1887 and 1912 :

Municipal structure

The district of Grätz included the three towns of Grätz , Buk and Opalenitza . The remaining (as of 1908) 52 rural communities and 26 manor districts were combined into police districts.

Communities

At the beginning of the 20th century the following communities belonged to the district:

  • Otush
  • Paulsdorf
  • Ptaszkowo
  • Rojewo
  • Rudnik
  • Schwarzhauland
  • Sielinko
  • Slivno
  • Slocin
  • Slocin Hauland
  • Snowidowo
  • Strzelce
  • Strzempin
  • Szewce
  • Terespotocke
  • Troszczyn
  • Trzcionka
  • Turkovo
  • Ujazdek
  • Urbanowo
  • Usciencice
  • Weisshauland
  • Viktorovo
  • Woynowice
  • Wysoczka
  • Zdroj
  • Zegowo
  • Zemsko

The Doktorowo community was incorporated into the town of Grätz on April 1, 1905.

With a few exceptions, the Polish place names continued to apply after 1815, and several place names were Germanized at the beginning of the 20th century. During the German occupation in World War II , all localities were given German names.

See also

Web links

  • District of Grätz administrative history and the district administrators on the website territorial.de (Rolf Jehke), as of August 16, 2013.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Community encyclopedia for the Kingdom of Prussia: Province of Posen
  2. ↑ a b c www.gemeindeververzeichnis.de