Kempen district in Poznan
The Kempen district in Posen on the south-eastern edge of the Prussian province of Posen existed from 1887 to 1920. The former district area is now part of the Polish Greater Poland Voivodeship . The district of Kempen in Posen (or from 1941 district of Kempen (Wartheland) ) was also a German administrative unit in occupied Poland (1939–1945) during the Second World War .
expansion
The Kempen district in Poznan had a total area of 458 km².
Administrative history
On October 1, 1887 was from the southern part circle Ostrzeszów the circle Kempen in Posen formed. The town of Kempen became the district town and seat of the District Office .
On December 27, 1918, the Greater Poland uprising of the Polish majority against German rule began in the province of Posen , but the district remained under German control. On June 28, 1919, with the signing of the Versailles Treaty , the German government ceded the Kempen district in Posen to the newly founded Poland. On November 25, 1919, Germany and Poland concluded an agreement on the evacuation and surrender of the areas to be ceded, which was ratified on January 10, 1920. The evacuation by German troops and handover to Poland took place between January 17th and February 4th 1920.
Population development
| year | Residents | source |
|---|---|---|
| 1890 | 32,977 | |
| 1895 | 34,704 | |
| 1900 | 34,593 | |
| 1910 | 37,050 |
Of the population in 1890, about 80% were Poles, 15% Germans and 5% Jews. A large part of the German population left the area after 1920.
politics
District administrators
- 1887–1910 Gustav von Scheele (1844–1925)
- 1910–1917 Karl Lindenberg (* 1883)
- 1917–1920 ?
elections
The Kempen district in Posen was part of the Posen 10th Reichstag constituency . The constituency was won in all Reichstag elections between 1874 and 1912 by Ferdinand von Radziwill , the candidate of the Polish parliamentary group .
Municipal structure
On January 1, 1908, the towns of Kempen and Baranów belonged to the Ostrowo district . The 53 rural parishes and 37 manor districts were combined to form police districts.
Communities
At the beginning of the 20th century the following communities belonged to the district:
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At the beginning of the 20th century, several place names were Germanized.
The district of Kempen (Wartheland) in occupied Poland (1939–1945)
history
During the Second World War, the German occupation authorities formed the administrative unit Landkreis Kempen in Posen in the administrative district of Posen (from May 21, 1941: Landkreis Kempen (Wartheland) ). The annexation of the area by the German Reich on October 26, 1939, as a unilateral act of violence, was ineffective under international law. Most of the Jewish residents were murdered by the German occupying forces. The German occupation ended with the invasion of the Red Army in January 1945.
Land Commissioner
- 1939 Hans Neumann
District administrators
- 1939–1942 Hans Neumann
- 1942–1945 Otto Lehmann
Municipal structure
During the German occupation in World War II, only Kempen in 1941 and Schildberg in 1942 received city rights according to the German municipal code of 1935, the other municipalities were combined into administrative districts.
Place names
During the German occupation in World War II, the place names valid in 1918 were initially adopted by an unpublished decree of December 29, 1939, but the local occupation authorities soon made “wild” Germanizations. On May 18, 1943, all places with a post or train station were given “German” names, mostly a matter of phonetic adjustments, translations or free inventions.
Larger municipalities in the Kempen district (Wartheland):
| Polish name | German name (1815-1920) | German name (1939-1945) |
|---|---|---|
| Baranów | Baranov | Rundstätt |
| Donaborów | Donaborov | At the river |
| Grębanin | Grembanine |
1939–1943 Grabenau 1943–1945 Gremben |
| Kępno | Kempen | Kempen |
| Krążkowy | Kronschkow |
1939–1943 Kronschkau 1943–1945 Kreisendorf |
| Laski | Laski | Hirscheck |
| Łęka Mroczeńska | Lenka Mroczenska | Langenmoor |
| Mirków | Mirkow |
1939–1943 Mirkow 1943–1945 Mirche |
| Mroczeń | Mroczen 1908–1912 Mrotschen 1912–1920 Moorschütz |
Moorschütz |
| Olszowa | Olszowa |
1939–1943 Erlenbrunn 1943–1945 Erlenhöh |
| Opatów | Opatow | Wolfingen |
| Osiny | Oshin | Aspen |
| Piotrówka | Pietrowka | Petershagen |
| Podzamcze | Podsamtsche 1906–1920 Wilhelmsbrück |
Wilhelmsbrück |
| Rzetnia | Rzetnia | Mühlbach |
| Siemianice | Siemianice | Schemmingen |
| Słupia pod Kępnem | Slupia |
1939–1943 Freienfelde 1943–1945 Luben |
| Torzeniec | Torzeniec | Langenreut |
| Trzcinica | Trzcinica 1875–1920 Strenze |
1939–1943 Sternbruch 1943–1945 Strenze |
| Wodziczna | Wodziczno | Fuehrheim |
| Wyszanów | Vyshanov |
1939–1943 Peasant Army 1943–1945 Wischnau |
Web links
- District of Kempen administrative history and the district administrators on the website territorial.de (Rolf Jehke), as of August 16, 2013.
Individual evidence
- ^ Community encyclopedia for the Kingdom of Prussia: Province of Posen
- ↑ a b c www.gemeindeververzeichnis.de
Administrative districts: Bromberg | Poses
Districts: Poznan | Bromberg | Schneidemühl
Districts: Adelnau | Pear tree | Bomb | Bromberg | Czarnikau | Filehne | Fraustadt | Gostyn | Gniezno | Grätz | Hohensalza (formerly Inowrazlaw ) | Jarotschin | Kempen i. Poses | Kolmar i. Posen (formerly Chodziesen ) | Koshmin | Cost | Krotoschin | Lissa | Meseritz | Mogilno | Neuto Mischel | Obornik | Ostrowo | Pleschen | Poznan East | Poznan West | Rawitsch | Samter | Schildberg | Schmiegel | Schrimm | Schroda | Schubin | Schwerin an der Warthe | Strelno | We seat | Witkowo | Wongrowitz (formerly Wongrowiec ) | Wreschen (formerly Peysern ) | Tin