Franz Xaver Schädler

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Franz Xaver Schädler, as a member of parliament, around 1900 (from the commemorative publication for the German Catholic Day, Mannheim, 1902)
Franz Xaver Schädler, as a member of parliament, in civil clothing, around 1905
Franz Xaver Schädler as cathedral chapter

Franz Xaver Schädler (born December 5, 1852 in Oggersheim , today a district of Ludwigshafen am Rhein , Palatinate, Diocese of Speyer ; † February 16, 1913 in Bamberg ) was a priest of the diocese of Speyer , later cathedral chapter in the archbishopric of Bamberg , member of the Bavarian Chamber of Deputies in Munich and the German Reichstag in Berlin .

Life

Franz-Xaver Schädler came as the son of the police commissioner Franz Schädler and his wife Anna Margaretha, née. Hoppenhauer to the world. He attended elementary school in Oggersheim, the Latin school in Frankenthal and the grammar school in Speyer , where he passed his Abitur in August 1871. He then studied theology, philosophy and education at the University of Würzburg and the Jesuit University Innsbruck . During his studies he became a member of the KDStV Markomannia Würzburg in the CV in 1871 . In 1874, Schädler entered the Speyer seminary. On August 22, 1875 he was ordained a priest in Speyer Cathedral by Bishop Daniel Bonifaz von Haneberg .

From 1875 to 1879 Schädler worked as a chaplain in the parish of St. Martin in Kaiserslautern . After his parish bankruptcy examination, he was called to the Anima in Rome as chaplain in October 1879 . At the same time he studied at the Gregorian , where he received his doctorate in canon law in 1881 . Then Schädler returned to the Palatinate, briefly overseeing the parish of St. John the Baptist in Königsbach before he became pastor in Walsheim in October 1881 . As early as October 1882, Schädler was appointed professor of Catholic religious studies at the humanistic grammar school in Landau , where he remained active until 1897. In January 1897, Schädler was appointed Cathedral Chapter in Bamberg by Prince Regent Luitpold , and from 1899 he was also responsible for the administration of the Cathedral Parish there. In 1902 he was appointed papal house prelate and apostolic protonotary by Pope Leo XIII. After the death of Konrad von Busch, Bishop of Speyer, in 1910, there was public speculation about a successor to Schädler, which the files do not reveal as a realistic option; appointed Michael von Faulhaber .

Since the mid-1870s, Schädler has been a speaker in political meetings. In order to give political Catholicism more impact in the liberally dominated Palatinate, he founded the Palatinate Center Association in 1882 together with the Speyer journalist Eugen Jäger and the Deidesheim winery owner Johann Julius Siben . In the final phase of the Bavarian culture war , Schädler, Jäger and Siben organized the first Palatinate Catholic Day, which took place on July 28, 1889 in Neustadt . Around 12,000 participants protested against the church policy of the liberal Bavarian government Lutz . Schadler also appeared at the Bavarian Catholic Day in Munich in September 1889, which was still well attended.

In 1890 Schädler was elected to the Reichstag as a member of the center for the Eichstätt constituency , and in a by-election for the Ingolstadt district in 1891 to the Bavarian Chamber of Representatives. Since 1898 he represented the constituency of Bamberg in the Reichstag and since 1899 in the Chamber of Deputies . The priest resigned from the Bavarian Chamber of Deputies in 1912 , and Schädler remained in the Reichstag until his death. In the Bavarian Chamber of Deputies, he had been a member of the parliamentary committee of his party since 1895, and since 1897 he was an advisor for the cultural budget. In the Reichstag in 1896, Schädler was elected the first deputy chairman of the central parliamentary group, a position that he held until his death alongside the parliamentary group chairmen Alfred von Hompesch (1893–1909), Georg von Hertling (1909–1912) and Peter Spahn (1912–1917) clothed. Schadler was considered a brilliant speaker with a powerful, booming voice, which earned him the nicknames “Lion from Kurpfalz” and “Lion from Bamberg” . As parliamentarians Schaedler was from wearing religious dress dispensed , which is why it appears on some photos in civil clothes.

The priestly politician from the Palatinate spoke at the German Catholic Days in Mainz in 1890, in Danzig in 1891 and in Mannheim in 1902. He also wrote a biography of the center parliamentarian Ludwig Windthorst . The entry of Kaiser Wilhelm II in the Golden Book of the City of Munich with the words: “ The will of the king is the supreme law! ", He commented in parliament with his counter-thesis:" The public good is the supreme law! ". For the former Chancellor Chlodwig zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst , Schädler gave the funeral oration in 1901.

In the campaign in the wake of the Swinemünder Depesche , especially Schädler came out with sharp attacks against the Kaiser and the Bavarian government. It was also Schädler who addressed the Swinemünde dispatch in the Reichstag on January 19, 1903, thereby provoking a reaction from Reich Chancellor Bernhard von Bülow .

Franz-Xaver Schädler died on February 16, 1913 in Bamberg as a result of cancer. He had appointed August Knecht as his executor and expressly ordered that his entire written estate should be destroyed. Schadler concluded his will with the statement: “ I know that, especially as a member of the German Reichstag and the Bavarian State Parliament, I have annoyed some people in speech and writing, and on the other hand, as a result of my public activity, I had to experience a lot of insults, insults, slander and hatred . My guiding star was: God, his holy church, the German fatherland, our Bavaria and his people. I didn't want to offend or hurt anyone personally. If it did happen, I ask everyone, including all those whom I have attacked politically, for forgiveness, just as I hope that God will be gracious to my poor soul through Mary's intercession. "

The humorous observation of Schädler is handed down: “ There are people who hold their principles so high that they can get under them. “In the last few years of his life, the priest suffered from a facial tumor that particularly disfigured the lower lip area. Nevertheless, he performed his parliamentary duties to the full. When another MEP addressed him with the words: “ Mr colleague, what happened to you? ", He replied quickly, in his typically snappy, Palatinate humor:" Don't you know that I have a bad mouth? "

Appreciations

Jakob Bisson wrote about him in 1956 in his book “Seven Speyer bishops and their time”: “ Dr. Schadler was an extremely active, spirited personality, quick-witted as a speaker, enthusiastic, humorous, leading the people. Wherever Schädler appeared, there was something to be heard. He knew how to offer the old truths of loyalty to the fatherland and church, to earthly and eternal things in his language to the listening people, so that people were positively gripped and fascinated. Subtle humor spiced up his speech. "

In 1994, the Diocese of Speyer published its own brochure on Franz-Xaver Schädler as volume 18 of its series “Writings of the Diocesan Archives”. It states, among other things, that he was " one of the most important personalities of political Catholicism before the First World War ", who was also respectfully referred to as the " Palatine Demosthenes " because of his eloquence .

Even Ludwig Thoma took up the person of Schädler in his satirical works about Filser, member of the Bavarian state parliament. In the book "Jozef Filsers Briefwexel" (second volume 1912) it says among other things:

" By having been with the military, I have to explain it to Dier that there is not only a discipline with the military, but also with inserner Bardei (= party). The general is the little shoe master orderer (= Georg von Orterer ), wherever you can Although you don’t pick up, soon you look at him with his crooked baker’s hooks, he’s really sharp. Dan get the upper hand, what lauder geischlinge Härren are and you’re already kneeling, the Bichler (= Provost Franz Seraph von Pichler ), the Daller (= Balthasar von Daller ) and Schedler (= Franz Xaver Schädler). There are captains and Leidnand, where there are also against Lauder Geischtlinge. "

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Complete directory of the CV The honorary members, old men and students of the Cartell Association (CV) of the cath. German student associations. 1912, Strasbourg i. Els. 1912, p. 395.
  2. ^ Rudolf Fendler: Franz Xaver Schädler 1852–1913. Speyer 1994, pp. 9 and 17 ff.
  3. ^ Rudolf Fendler: Franz Xaver Schädler 1852–1913. Speyer 1994, 21 ff.
  4. ↑ Hans-Michael Körner: State and Church in Bavaria 1886-1918. Mainz 1977, p. 114.
  5. ^ Rudolf Fendler: Franz Xaver Schädler 1852–1913. Speyer 1994, pp. 28-31.
  6. ↑ Hans-Michael Körner: State and Church in Bavaria 1886-1918. Mainz 1977, p. 38.
  7. ↑ Dieter Albrecht (Ed.): The protocols of the parliamentary group of the Bavarian Center Party 1893-1914. Volume 1: 1893-1899. Munich 1989, p. 35 (introduction) and p. 497.
  8. ^ Rudolf Morsey: The German Center Party 1917–1923. Düsseldorf 1966, p. 34.
  9. ^ Karl Bachem: Prehistory, History and Politics of the German Center Party. Volume 8, Cologne 1931, p. 33.
  10. ^ Speech by Franz Xaver Schädler in the German Reichstag on January 19, 1903.
  11. ↑ Bernhard von Bülow's speech in the German Reichstag on January 19, 1903.
  12. ^ Rudolf Fendler: Franz Xaver Schädler 1852–1913. Speyer 1994, p. 102 f.

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Schadler, Franz Xaver
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schaedler, Franz Xaver
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German priest and politician (Center Party), MdR
DATE OF BIRTH December 5, 1852
PLACE OF BIRTH Oggersheim , today a district of Ludwigshafen am Rhein
DATE OF DEATH February 16, 1913
Place of death Bamberg