Friesoythe

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Friesoythe
Friesoythe
Map of Germany, position of the city of Friesoythe highlighted

Coordinates: 53 ° 1 '  N , 7 ° 52'  E

Basic data
State : Lower Saxony
County : Cloppenburg
Height : 6 m above sea level NHN
Area : 247.09 km 2
Residents: 22,368 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 91 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 26169
Primaries : 04491, 04405, 04493, 04496, 04497
License plate : CLP
Community key : 03 4 53 007
LOCODE : DE FYE
City structure: 24 districts

City administration address : 		Alte Mühlenstrasse 12
26169 Friesoythe
Website : www.friesoythe.de
Mayor : Sven Stratmann ( SPD )
Location of the city of Friesoythe in the district of Cloppenburg
Landkreis Ammerland Landkreis Diepholz Landkreis Emsland Landkreis Leer Landkreis Oldenburg Landkreis Osnabrück Landkreis Osnabrück Landkreis Vechta Landkreis Wesermarsch Oldenburg (Oldenburg) Barßel Bösel Cappeln (Oldenburg) Cloppenburg Emstek Essen/Oldenburg Friesoythe Garrel Lastrup Lindern (Oldenburg) Löningen Molbergen Saterlandmap
About this picture

Friesoythe ( Low German : Aithe ) is a town and an independent municipality on the Soeste in the Cloppenburg district in Lower Saxony and belongs to the Oldenburger Münsterland . Friesoythe is the northernmost middle center and the largest municipality in the Oldenburger Münsterland. The city has been a member of the ring of European forging cities since 2004 and has therefore given itself the nickname Eisenstadt .

geography

Geographical location

The urban area is predominantly in the eastern Hunte-Leda moorland ; however, two districts are part of the Hümmling .

geology

Geomorphologically, the municipal area is characterized by the alternation of Geest islands , valley sand plates and raised and low moor areas. The Friesoyther Geestinseln are sandy, groundwater-remote ground moraine islands with moderately to heavily podsolized soils. Since the Middle Ages , they have represented preferred settlement locations between moors and lowlands and are still used for agriculture today. The valley sand slabs have heavily podsolized soils, which are closer to the groundwater than the soils of the Geest Islands. Fen sites are the areas of the valley sand slabs and lowlands that are particularly close to the groundwater and have been converted almost exclusively into grassland . Most of the raised bogs today have been profoundly changed through drainage , potting and cultivation , or they have even been completely peeled off and deeply plowed.

City structure

Friesoythe has the following districts:

history

Bronze model of the city by Friesoythe in the 15th century

In 1227 Count Otto von Tecklenburg made the shortly before built castle of Friesoythe his residence. Farmers, merchants and craftsmen quickly settled in the vicinity of the castle. As early as the first half of the 13th century, Friesoythe had extensive trade connections, as the coin find from Friesoythe proves, whose over 300 silver coins from Cologne, Münster, Osnabrück and other cities were only in circulation until 1235. The present city center was soon surrounded by a massive city wall and was long considered impregnable. In 1308 Friesoythe was first mentioned as a city. Friesoythe is sometimes referred to as the “ Hanseatic City ” and is said to have enjoyed the privileges of the Hanseatic League. It is unclear whether Friesoythe actually belonged to the Hanseatic League.

In 1400 Count Nicholas II of Tecklenburg Friesoythe had to cede to the Bishop of Munster. From then until 1802, like the Saterland , it belonged to the Niederstift Münster and remained Catholic.

The Saterland river boatmen sometimes saw the neighboring trading town as a competitor. In 1845, according to Johann Friedrich Minssen (M3: 170) , they still put inhospitable remarks in the mouths of the Friesoythians: “hárne jî vat ê'rder káumen, den hárne jî vat mítte géiten” ( if you had come a little earlier, you would have eaten something ); while his wife Gerlinda Augusta Minssen, née von Traunstein, knew how to report: “I wull jau woll'n Tâss Tei, mán wî motte sporre” (“I would like to offer you a cup of tea, but we have to save”).

In 1803, like the entire eastern part of Niederstift Münster, Friesoythe fell to the Duchy of Oldenburg through the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss . 1810–1813 / 14 the city was part of the French Empire . Friesoythe was now separated from the office of Cloppenburg , to which it had belonged since the 13th century, and was the seat of an Oldenburg office , in 1858 Friesoythe also received a district court . In 1933 the office of Friesoythe was abolished by the Oldenburg "Law to Simplify and Cheap Administration" of April 27, 1933 against the opposition of the population and reintegrated into the Cloppenburg district. The reason given was that Friesoythe was not economically and financially viable as an independent office.

Second World War

During the Second World War , Friesoythe, which had hitherto been largely undestroyed, was systematically burned to the ground by the advancing Canadian troops on the orders of the commander of the 4th Canadian Armored Division , Major General Christopher Vokes , after the resident population had been driven out, and then leveled, with up to 90% of the medieval town being destroyed. The background is that the commander of a battalion of the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders of Canada infantry regiment , Lieutenant Colonel Frederick E. Wigle, was shot. At first it was wrong to assume that this was done by German "werewolves" , while in reality he fell victim to a firefight with regular German soldiers.

post war period

After the end of the Second World War in 1945, the northern Emsland including Friesoythe was part of the Polish zone of occupation until 1948 , which was a special area within the British zone of occupation . The Neuvrees district was cleared so that Polish displaced persons could be accommodated there between June 1945 and December 1946. The village was renamed Kacperkowo and the Polish population set up the so-called "Polish Church" that still exists today.

Exaggerated moral concepts were the subject of extensive research in the Friesoythe swimming pool in the summer of 1959 by the Spiegel editors .

The District Court of Friesoythe was dissolved in 1974, since then Friesoythe has belonged to the district of the District Court of Cloppenburg .

In 2008 Friesoythe celebrated the 700th anniversary of the city elevation. As part of the celebrations, a 1: 1 model of the historic Friesoyther city gate, which was destroyed in World War II, was on the original square in the city center from April to September. The peace bell in the city park was also inaugurated in 2008 for the 700th anniversary of the city's elevation . The bell is the restored "Katharinenglocke" from 1478, which was made available to the city by the Catholic parish of St. Marien.

Opposite the peace bell there is an Iron Cross Way created by children and young people from fifteen Friesoyth schools , which was consecrated on April 17, 2011.

The city coat of arms shows the city gate and two hearts, the emblem of the Counts of Tecklenburg. The city gate depicted in the coat of arms was destroyed in the Second World War.

Incorporations

In the Lower Saxony regional reform, the city of Friesoythe and the communities Altenoythe, Gehlenberg, Markhausen, Neuscharrel and Neuvrees were merged on March 1, 1974 to form today's city of Friesoythe. Gehlenberg and Neuvrees belonged to the district of Aschendorf-Hümmling until they were incorporated .

Population development

Population development of Friesoythe from 1998 to 2016

(as of December 31st)

year Residents
1998 19,504
1999 19,737
2000 19,861
2001 20,064
year Residents
2002 20,100
2003 20.204
2004 20,369
2006 20,893
year Residents
2007 20,934
2009 20,812
2011 20,960
2013 21,335
year Residents
2015 21,918
2016 22,082

Explanation of the place name

Old names of the place are 947 Oete , around 1000 Ogitdi , around 1000 Odi , around 1200 Oyte , 1251 Oite and 1283 Oyte . The place name is a formation with the frequent place name suffix "-ithi". The defining word is Oog, Öje , "eye, island". Friesoythe therefore means "Friesen Island settlement".

Religions

Up to February 2, 2008 there were six Catholic parishes in the urban area of ​​Friesoythes, the St. Mary parish in the center of Friesoyther from 1677, the St. Vitus parish in Altenoythe from 855, the St. Johannes parish in Markhausen from 1423, the St.-Johannes-Baptist-Congregation in Thüle from 1922, the St.-Josef-Kapellengemeinde in Kampe, which was co-administered by the St.-Vitus-Congregation Altenoythe since 1986 and the St.-Ludger-Congregation in Neuscharrel from 1857. In 2008 these became a merged large parish of St. Marien parish Friesoythe , which belongs to the diocese of Münster .

Another Catholic church in the Friesoyther city area, the St. Prosper Church in Gehlenberg from 1829, belongs to the Diocese of Osnabrück . Since 1912 there has also been a Protestant church in Friesoythe, the Michaelis Church.

Denomination statistics

The majority of the inhabitants of Friesoythe belonged to the Roman Catholic denomination with 65.6% in 2012 . Another 20.2% were Evangelical Lutheran and 14.2% belonged to other denominations or were non-denominational.

In 2019, 59% of the population were Roman Catholic, 19.6% Evangelical Lutheran and 21.4% belonged to other denominations or were non-denominational.

Denomination of the inhabitants 2012 2014 2016 2019
Roman Catholic 13,819 13,738 13,575 13,260
Evangelical Lutheran 4244 4307 4410 4410
other or non-denominational 2992 3639 4180 4800
total 21,055 21,684 22,165 22,470

politics

City council

The council of the city of Friesoythe consists of 32 council women and councilors. The council members are elected for a five-year term by local elections. The current term of office began on November 1, 2016 and ends on October 31, 2021.

The full-time mayor Sven Stratmann (SPD) is also entitled to vote in the municipal council.

The last local election on September 11, 2016 resulted in the following:

Political party 11th September 2016 September 11, 2011
CDU 53.09% 14,384 17 seats 61.1% 15,481 20 seats
SPD 41.37% 11.209 13 seats 34.5% 8,734 11 seats
FDP 3.35% 908 1 seat - - -
The left 2.17% 589 1 seat - - -
GREEN - - - 4.4% 1.104 1 seat
voter turnout 9,348 of 17,337 votes 8,719 of 16,501 votes
53.91% 52.8%

mayor

The city's full-time mayor has been Sven Stratmann (SPD) since 2014. In the last mayoral election on June 15, 2014, he prevailed in a runoff election with 65.63% of the votes against the CDU candidate Hildegard Kuhlen with 34.36%. The turnout was 50.38%. Stratmann took office on November 1, 2014.

Mayor since 1945

Surname Taking office Term of office
Gerhard Wreesmann April 7, 1945 February 2, 1946
Heinrich Vogel 1946 1948
Heinz Stuke 1948 1953
Gerhard Block 1953 July 28, 1967
Heinrich Olberding 20th October 1967 1st October 1972
Ferdinand Cloppenburg November 14, 1972 March 2, 1984
Heinrich Niehaus April 11, 1984 November 14, 1996
Johann Wimberg November 15, 1996 October 31, 2014
Sven Stratmann November 1, 2014

coat of arms

Blazon : “In the silver shield, the old city gate with a three-stepped gable in red. The second top gable has two, the third top gable three silver loopholes. In the substructure above the gate passage it shows two silver loopholes and a black opening. On both sides of the stepped gable there is a broken heart-shaped red leaf (sea leaf). "

Town twinning

Since 2005 there has been a town partnership with the western Polish district town Świebodzin in the Świebodziński district in the Lubusz Voivodeship .

Culture and sights

Attractions

  • St. Mary's Church in Friesoythe, located in the center of the town of Friesoythe, which was probably founded in the 13th century.
  • St. Vitus Church in Altenoythe from the 9th century with boulder masonry from the 12th century. Original parish for Bösel, Friesoythe, Kampe, Harkebrugge and Barßel
  • Friesoythe Postal Museum
  • Cultural Center "Old Watermill"
  • Gehlenberg Windmill (station on the Lower Saxony Mill Road )
  • Friesoythe City Park with Peace Bell (inaugurated in 2008) and Iron Cross (inaugurated in 2011)
  • “Pestschinken” in the town hall at the city park
  • "The old four-footed" at the old town hall
  • Gehlenborg's barn in Markhausen
  • Werkhaus Pancratz
  • Bison monument in Neuvrees

  • St. Mary's Church Friesoythe

  • Organ of the St. Marien Church

  • Gehlenberg Windmill ( Erdholländer )

  • Peace bell in the city park

  • Iron Cross in the City Park

  • Bison monument in Neuvrees

  • St. Vitus Church Altenoythe

  • Organ of the St. Vitus Church

freetime and recreation

Events

  • Schützenfest (first weekend in August, Sat., Sun., Mon.)
  • May days (last weekend in April, Fri., Sat., Sun.)
  • Iron Festival (3rd Sunday in September, Fri, Sat, Sun)

Eisenstadt

Statue of a scythe smith at the Marienkirche

As a member of the ring of European forging cities, Friesoythe Eisenstadt calls itself . For this reason, the frame of the peace bell and the way of the cross in the city park are made of iron. After the name "Hanseatic City" was discarded, which was no longer acceptable due to no reliable evidence of belonging to the Hanseatic League, it was now called "Eisenstadt". The name was established after excavations discovered a historic furnace for smelting iron. However, these ovens were found in large parts of northern Germany and are not a regional peculiarity of the region or city.

Economy and Infrastructure

Friesoythe is a member of the “Zweckverband Intercommunal Industrial Park Coastal Canal” in the c-Port industrial and commercial area . Friesoythe is also a member of the Ring of European Forging Cities , which has set itself the goal of promoting the regional diversity of the blacksmithing trade and metal design in the global unity of Europe at all levels.

traffic

Friesoythe is connected to the federal trunk road network via the federal road B 72 , which also indirectly connects Friesoythe with the federal highways A 28 and A 1 as well as the federal road B 401 .

Although Friesoythe has a train connection in the direction of Cloppenburg , no public transport is carried out on this route. There are considerations to continue this railway line as a freight line to the C-Port or to rebuild disused and dismantled sections.

Friesoythe is connected to the train stations in Oldenburg and Cloppenburg via the Weser-Ems bus lines 910, 900 and S 90 every two hours, whereby the timetable provides for a connection to various train connections. The Saterland can also be reached with the lines 900 and S 90. All other journeys are mainly used for school traffic .

The connection to the federal waterway network will be realized via the C-Port on the coastal canal , which is currently under construction .

education

The following schools are located in the city:

as well as the ten elementary schools

  • Edewechterdamm primary school
  • Elementary School Gerbert School
  • Primary school at the Markatal
  • Gehlenberg Primary School
  • Elementary school Hohefeld
  • Elementary school Kampe
  • Primary school Marienschule
  • Elementary school middle school
  • Neuscharrel primary school
  • Primary School Ludgeri School

health

The St.-Marien-Hospital Friesoythe hospital , which is a Catholic institution , was founded in 1867 and is a basic and standard care clinic. The hospital has 130 beds and employs around 240 people.

Personalities

Honorary citizen

The honorary citizenship is the highest honor of the city of Friesoythe. The city has awarded the following people:

sons and daughters of the town

Persons related to Friesoythe

  • Eduard Burlage (born November 25, 1857 - † August 19, 1921), politician (center) and lawyer ( Reich judge), previously district judge at the district court of Friesoythe
  • Günter Graf (born December 1, 1941), politician (SPD) and police officer, from 1987 to 2002 member of the German Bundestag with residence in Friesoythe
  • Renate Geuter (born December 27, 1952), politician (SPD), from 2003 to 2017 member of the Lower Saxony state parliament and the city council of Friesoythe
  • Christopher Vokes (born April 13, 1904, † March 27, 1985), Canadian commander who had the evacuated Friesoythe destroyed in 1945 in retaliation after a member of the military was killed.

Web links

Commons : Friesoythe  - collection of images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ State Office for Statistics Lower Saxony, LSN-Online regional database, Table 12411: Update of the population, as of December 31, 2019  ( help ).
  2. ↑ Ring of the European Blacksmith Cities. City of Frisoythe, 2008, accessed May 23, 2019 .
  3. ^ Eastern Hunte-Leda moorland. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, March 1, 2012, accessed on May 23, 2019 .
  4. ^ Friesoyther coin find city ​​of Friesoythe; PDF file, accessed August 1, 2019
  5. ↑ From the story . City of Friesoythe; accessed on February 21, 2018
  6. ↑ See English Wikipedia: en: Christopher Vokes
  7. ↑ Canadian Encyclopedia on Vokes, in English
  8. ^ Karl Forster: Haren - Lwów - Maczków - Haren. A Polish city in Germany ( online ; Karl Forster is editor-in-chief of the magazine “Polen und Wir”, the German-Polish Society of the Federal Republic of Germany ).
  9. ↑ Margareta Bloom-Schinnerl: When Haren Maczków was called. A Polish zone of occupation in Emsland , Deutschlandfunk , May 3, 2016 (PDF file)
  10. ↑ Porta Polonica: Kacperkowo 1945/46 - When a village in Emsland was Polish. Westphalian State Museum for Industrial Culture, accessed on May 1, 2019 .
  11. ↑ The Sermon on the Water . In: Der Spiegel . No. 31 , 1959, pp. 29 ( online ).
  12. ^ The Friesoyther Peace Bell in the city park . ( Memento from December 28, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) City of Friesoythe
  13. ↑ The “Iron Cross Way” in Friesoythe City Park . ( Memento from December 28, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) City of Friesoythe
  14. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 275 .
  15. ↑ de, glosbe.com
  16. ↑ NDR: Place names - overview for the letter F ( Memento from July 29, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  17. ↑ Image brochure of the city of Friesoythe 2013 with statistics 2012 ( Memento from August 17, 2014 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on May 15, 2019
  18. ↑ Statistics registry office. City of Frisoythe, accessed February 6, 2020 .
  19. ↑ Overall result of municipal elections 2016 on September 11, 2016 in Friesoythe , accessed on January 23, 2017
  20. ^ Run-off election for the mayor in Friesoythe on June 15, 2014. Accessed on September 24, 2014
  21. ↑ Timpani for the new office - Sven Stratmann is preparing to take office on November 1st. NWZ online, accessed September 24, 2014.
  22. ↑ Lower Saxony Mill Road: Gehlenberger Windmühle
  23. ^ Werkhaus Pancratz e. V.
  24. ↑ Friesoythe - the Eisenstadt with an impressive history . ( Memento from May 29, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) City of Friesoythe
  25. ^ A train through Friesoythe is conceivable. Article in the Nordwest-Zeitung on November 21, 2008. Retrieved on August 21, 2015.
  26. ^ St.-Marien-Stift - St.-Marien-Hospital , accessed on September 24, 2014
  27. ↑ Honorary Citizen. City of Frisoythe, accessed May 23, 2019 .
  28. ↑ Bernhard Hachmöller: Mutzenbecher, Esdras Heinrich. In: Hans Friedl u. a. (Ed.): Biographical manual for the history of the state of Oldenburg . Edited on behalf of the Oldenburg landscape. Isensee, Oldenburg 1992, ISBN 3-89442-135-5 , pp. 458-460 ( online ).
  29. ^ Friesoythe - Canadian War Crime. canadiansoldiers.com (English); Retrieved September 24, 2014