Hümmling district

Basic data
Prussian Province	Hanover
Administrative district	Osnabrück
Circular seat	Sögel
Inventory period	1885-1932
surface	808.60 km²
Residents	21,338 (1925)
Population density	26 inhabitants / km² (1925)
Communities	36 (1932)
License plate :	IS
Location of the district in the former province of Hanover (1905)
The district before the Prussian territorial reform in 1932

The district of Hümmling was a district in the west of the Prussian province of Hanover from 1885 to 1932 .

geography

location

The district was about 22 km north of Meppen and was named after the up to 73  m above sea level. NN high Geestrücken Hümmling .

Neighboring areas

The district of Hümmling bordered in the north on the district of Leer , in the east on the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg (Ämter Friesoythe and Cloppenburg ), in the south on the district of Meppen and in the west on the district of Aschendorf .

history

The Hümmling region was part of the Niederstift Münster until 1803 , then came to the Duchy of Arenberg-Meppen (1803 to 1810), was part of the French Empire (1810 to 1814) and came to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 , and then to Prussia in 1866 . However, the Prussians were very unpopular here, so that the Hümmling, actually a domain of the Catholic Center Party, became a stronghold of the Welf Party for the Reichstag election in 1928 as a result of the agricultural crisis. The Hümmling was also called a free Hümmling in the Old Kingdom , as the farmers in him were not personally dependent. They asserted this at least in a long process that was brought before the Imperial Court of Justice in Wetzlar because of the attempt by the Prince-Bishop of Munster to use them for serf work for the construction of his Clemenswerth Castle.

After Hanover was annexed by Prussia in 1867 , the Hümmling district was formed in 1885 from the Hümmling office and the communities of Ahmsen , Groß Berßen , Klein Berßen , Herßum , Holte , Lähden , Lastrup , Vinnen and Wachtum of the Haselünne office . Before 1815, the district was part of the Duchy of Arenberg , which was created in 1803 from parts of the Lower Monastery of Münster .

The district of Hümmling initially comprised 35 communities and the manor district of Clemenswerth . As part of the dissolution of the Prussian manor districts, Clemenswerth was incorporated into Sögel in the 1920s . On October 1, 1931, the new community Bockhorst was formed from parts of Esterwegen .

On August 1, 1932, the Aschendorf and Hümmling districts were dissolved with effect from October 1, 1932 by ordinance of the Prussian State Ministry. Most of the district was combined with the Aschendorf district to form the Aschendorf-Hümmling district . The communities of Ahmsen, Groß Berßen, Klein Berßen, Groß-Stavern, Klein-Stavern, Herßum, Holte, Lähden, Lastrup, Vinnen and Wachtum, which belong to the district of Hümmling, were incorporated into the district of Meppen.

Today the area of ​​the former Hümmling district is part of the Emsland district that was created in 1977 , but without the former communities of Wachtum (today the city of Löningen , the district of Cloppenburg ), Neuarenberg, Neulorup and Neuvrees (today the city of Friesoythe , the district of Cloppenburg).

Population development

year	Residents
1890	15,452
1900	16,313
1910	18,231
1925	21,338

District administrators

• 1885–1915 August Peus (1855–1939)
• 1915–1916 Walter vom Hove (1881–1932) ( substitute )
• 1916–1931 Franz-Fritz von Fürstenberg
• 1931–1932 Hermann Mersmann

Communities

At the time of its dissolution in 1932, the district of Hümmling comprised the following 36 municipalities:

Ahmsen Bockholte Bockhorst (from 1931) Borger Breddenberg Ice Esterwegen Big Berßen Great Stavern Harrenstätte Around Fetched

Hüven Small Berßen Klein Stavern Loading Lahn Lastrup Lorup Neuarenberg Neubörger Neulorup Neuvrees Ostenwalde

Sögel Spahn Vinnen Vrees Growth Delusion Forest farms Sad Werlte Werpeloh Wieste Wippingen

Hümmling region

The Hümmling is not only a Geestrücken, it is also the source of the regional identity of its inhabitants - the residents feel like Hümmlinger .

particularities

A typical Hümmlingen specialty is the " Baukweit Janhinnerk ", a pancake made from buckwheat flour with syrup, applesauce, cranberries, egg, cheese, bread or black bread.

The "national anthem" of the Hümmling is the " Hümmelske Bur ", a song that praises the characteristic qualities of the local population.

The colloquial language is still the Hümmlinger Platt , which is one of the North Lower Saxon dialects of Lower Saxony . Only the generation born after around 1975 grew up in High German.

A special technical attraction in the Hümmling is the Hüvener Mühle , which today is the last completely preserved combined wind and water mill in Europe.

religion

Like the Emsland, the Hümmling is traditionally Roman Catholic (93% of the population). After the Second World War , many refugees from the former eastern territories and, since 1990, Germans from Russia who, in addition to the Catholic faith, also belong to the New Apostolic Church and evangelical faiths ( Pentecostal movement , Baptists ), moved to the Hümmling .

literature

• Werner Franke, Josef Grave, Heiner Schüpp, Gerd Steinwascher (eds.): The district of Emsland. Geography, history, present. A circle description. District of Emsland, Meppen 2002, ISBN 3-930365-13-8 .
• Karl-Eberhard Nauhaus: The Emsland in the course of history. Emsland. Landscape for d. Districts of Emsland and Grafschaft Bentheim, Sögel 1984, ISBN 3-925034-00-5 .

Web links

• District of Hümmling Administrative history and the district administrators on the website territorial.de (Rolf Jehke), as of April 21, 2014.
• History of the district of Emsland

Individual evidence

1. ↑ territorial.de: District of Hümmling
2. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on March 4, 2016 ; accessed on January 2, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
3. ^ Community encyclopedia for the Free State of Prussia: Province of Hanover Verlag des Prussian State Statistical Office, 1930