District of Waldenburg i. Schles.
The district of Waldenburg (Schles) was a Prussian district in Silesia . It existed from 1818 to 1945. Its district town was the city of Waldenburg , which had formed its own urban district since 1924 . The former district area is now in the Polish Lower Silesian Voivodeship .
Administrative history
In the administrative district of Reichenbach in the Prussian province of Silesia , the new Waldenburg district was formed on January 1, 1818, from the southwestern part of the Schweidnitz district. After the dissolution of the Reichenbach administrative district, the Schweidnitz and Waldenburg districts were assigned to the Breslau administrative district on May 1, 1820 .
Since July 1, 1867, the district belonged as part of Prussia to the North German Confederation and from January 1, 1871 to the German Empire . On November 8, 1919, the province of Silesia was dissolved and the new province of Lower Silesia was formed from the administrative districts of Breslau and Liegnitz .
On April 1, 1924, the city of Waldenburg was raised to a separate urban district. This gave the Waldenburg district the name of a district . On September 30, 1929, all manor districts in the Waldenburg district were dissolved in accordance with the development in the rest of Prussia and assigned to neighboring rural communities.
On April 1, 1934, the rural communities Alt Reichenau and Quolsdorf from the Jauer district and the rural communities Gaablau , Liebersdorf and Rothenbach from the Landeshut district were reclassified into the Waldenburg district. At the same time, the urban district of Waldenburg was expanded to include the rural community of Ober Waldenburg and parcels of the rural communities of Dittersbach, Hermsdorf and Weißstein from the district of Waldenburg.
On September 13, 1937, the city and district were officially named Waldenburg (Silesian) . On October 7, 1937, the point in the addition Waldenburg (Schles) was deleted from the official name . On April 1, 1938, the Prussian provinces of Lower Silesia and Upper Silesia were merged to form the new Province of Silesia. On January 18, 1941, the province of Silesia was dissolved again. The new province of Lower Silesia was formed from the administrative districts of Breslau and Liegnitz.
In the spring of 1945 the district was occupied by the Red Army . In the summer of 1945, the district was placed under Polish administration by the Soviet occupying power in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement . The influx of Polish civilians began in the district, some of whom came from the areas east of the Curzon Line that fell to the Soviet Union . In the period that followed, most of the German population was expelled from the district .
Local constitution
The Waldenburg district was initially divided into cities, rural communities and manor districts. Due to the district order for the provinces of Prussia, Brandenburg, Pomerania, Posen, Silesia and Saxony from December 13, 1872, 33 administrative districts were introduced from January 1, 1874 - in the Waldenburg district from May 9, 1874 - to cover the predominantly very small communities of to relieve the growing administrative tasks. The number of these administrative districts was reduced to 26 by 1945. The district constitution in Silesia was last amended by the district order for the provinces of East and West Prussia, Brandenburg, Pomerania, Silesia and Saxony on March 19, 1881.
With the introduction of the Prussian Municipal Constitutional Act of December 15, 1933, there was a uniform municipal constitution for all Prussian municipalities from January 1, 1934. With the introduction of the German Municipal Code of January 30, 1935, a uniform municipal constitution came into force in the German Reich on April 1, 1935, according to which the previous rural municipalities were now referred to as municipalities . These were grouped together in administrative districts .
Population development
year | Residents | source |
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1819 | 35,011 | |
1846 | 56,263 | |
1871 | 99,452 | |
1885 | 117,684 | |
1900 | 143,361 | |
1910 | 168.714 | |
1925 | 133.504 | |
1939 | 117,918 |
District administrators
- 1818–1834 Leopold von Reichenbach (1773–1834)
- 1834–1847 by Ziethen
- 1847–1853 August von Ende (1815–1889) (honorary citizen of Waldenburg)
- 1854–1866 Arnold von Rosenberg (1824–1883)
- 1867–1874 Conrad von Zedlitz and Neukirch
- 1875–1882 Rudolf von Bitter the Younger (1846–1914)
- 1882–1885 Karl von Dörnberg (1854–1891)
- 1885–1897 Kurt von Lieres and Wilkau
- 1897–1907 Jakob Scharmer
- 1907–1916 Robert von Zedlitz and Neukirch (1872–1937)
- 1916–1919 Götz von Götz (1881–1954)
- 1919 Mücke ( acting )
- 1920–1925 Oskar Schütz
- 1925–1932 Karl Franz (1881–1967)
- 1932–1933 Wilhelm Brandes (by order )
- 1933 Walther von Boeckmann (1888–1970) ( substitute )
- 1933–1934 Walther Kühn (1892–1962)
- 1934–1943 Karl Williger
- 1943–1945 Günther Bier
Communities
The Waldenburg district last comprised two cities and 45 rural communities:
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Wüstegiersdorf was called Nieder Wüstegiersdorf until 1917 , Hermsdorf was called Nieder Hermsdorf until 1933 and Bad Salzbrunn was called Ober Salzbrunn until 1933 . The following incorporations took place in the district up to 1937:
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Attractions
Fürstenstein Castle is located in the north of the former district area .
Personalities
- Writer and Nobel Prize Laureate in Literature Gerhart Hauptmann , born on November 15, 1862 in Obersalzbrunn, (since 1935 "Bad Salzbrunn") died on June 6, 1946 in Agnetendorf .
- Composer and guitarist Peter Weirauch , born on August 30, 1933 in Polsnitz , died on January 30, 2019 in Berlin .
literature
- Gustav Neumann : Geography of the Prussian State. 2nd edition, Volume 2, Berlin 1874, pp. 207–208, paragraph 21.
- Royal Statistical Bureau: The municipalities and manors of the Province of Silesia and their people. Based on the original materials of the general census of December 1, 1871. Berlin 1874, pp. 142–147 ( facsimile in the Google book search).
- M. Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. (online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006)
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Roman Kamionka: The reorganization of the district division of Silesia in the Stein-Hardenberg reform period , Breslau 1934
- ^ Statistisches Bureau zu Berlin (Ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Prussian state . Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1821, Silesia, p. 88 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Royal Statistical Bureau (ed.): Mittheilungen des Statistisches Bureau's in Berlin, Volume 2 . Population of the districts. ( Digitized version ).
- ^ The municipalities and manor districts of the Prussian state and their population 1871
- ^ Community encyclopedia for the province of Silesia 1885
- ↑ a b www.gemeindeververzeichnis.de
- ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. waldenburg.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ http://preussenprotocol.bbaw.de/bilder/Band%2012-2.pdf
- ↑ Landkreis Waldenburg administrative history and district list on the website territorial.de (Rolf Jehke), as of July 26, 2013.