Sobięcin (Wałbrzych)

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Sobięcin (Wałbrzych)
Sobięcin (Wałbrzych) (Poland)
Sobięcin (Wałbrzych)
Sobięcin (Wałbrzych)
Coordinates 50 ° 46 '  N , 16 ° 14'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 46 '  N , 16 ° 14'  E
Basic data
Country Poland
Borough Wałbrzych
ISO 3166-2 PL
height 474 m
Residents 6212 (2014)
founding circa 1305Template: Infobox location / maintenance / date

Sobięcin [ sɔˈbjɛnt͡ɕin ] ( German Hermsdorf ; until 1929 Niederhermsdorf , also Nieder Hermsdorf ) is a district of the city of Wałbrzych (German Waldenburg ) in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship in Poland. Until 1950 Sobięcin was an independent rural municipality .

geography

Sobięcin is located in the west of the town of Wałbrzych in the former Waldenburg coal field. Neighboring towns are the districts of Biały Kamień and Konradów in the north, Stary Zdrój in the northeast, Kuźnice Świdnickie in the south, Boguszów in the southwest and Jabłów in the west.

history

Hermsdorf was probably founded at the end of the 13th century and was first mentioned in 1305 in the Breslau episcopal interest register as "Hermsdorf". It belonged to the castle district of Neuhaus Castle in the Duchy of Schweidnitz and together with it came to the Crown of Bohemia in 1392 . Eight farmers are recorded for 1576, who were granted coal rights ten years later. During the Thirty Years War , Hermsdorf fell in desolation and was then rebuilt. In 1658 the manor passed a new coal order; In 1688 a jury book was created.

The "Oberhermsdorf" colony was first mentioned in 1736. In the following, Hermsdorf was also referred to as "Niederhermsdorf". In 1738 a new land register was laid out and in 1740 294 inhabitants were counted. After the First Silesian War in 1742, Hermsdorf fell to Prussia along with almost all of Silesia . After the prospect of further mine fields in 1775, a further expansion of coal production took place.

After the reorganization of Prussia, Hermsdorf belonged to the province of Silesia from 1815 and was assigned to the Waldenburg district in 1816, where it remained until 1945. In 1840 Hermsdorf had 786 inhabitants, in Oberhermsdorf there were 146. In 1869 and 1889 the miners took part in the strikes in the coal mining area.

Since 1874 Niederhermsdorf formed the district of the same name , which was renamed in 1933 to "District Hermsdorf" and which existed until 1945. In 1890 the community built a new town hall. In 1898 Hermsdorf was connected to the Waldenburger Kreisbahn . In 1905 11,583 people lived in Hermsdorf and 2,203 people in Oberhermsdorf. The Volkspark was opened in 1925. After the settlement of Oberhermsdorf in 1929 to Gottesberg , Niederhermsdorf was officially renamed "Hermsdorf" in 1933. In 1939 Hermsdorf had 11,233 inhabitants.

Hermsdorf was hit several times by serious disasters. In 1891, 13 miners were killed in a firedamp explosion and 29 people died in an explosives disaster on December 31, 1895. A firedamp explosion on July 27, 1929 claimed 33 lives.

As a result of the Second World War , Hermsdorf fell to Poland in 1945, like almost all of Silesia, and was renamed Sobięcin . Most of the German population was expelled, unless they had already fled. Some of the new residents were displaced from eastern Poland . 1950 Sobięcin was incorporated into the town of Wałbrzych. Mining was initially continued, but came to a standstill with the closure of the “Victoria” mine in 2001.

Hard coal mining

In 1722 the following coal mines were in operation:

  • Sinkhole
  • Heavy tunnel
  • Sweat studs
  • First tunnel
  • Second tunnel and
  • Adder ride

Other mines emerged:

  • 1750: Glückhilf-Grube; In 1780 it was the third largest mine in the Waldenburg coalfield and received the first steam hoisting machine in 1816. In 1889 it employed 3,741 people.
  • 1752: Peace Hope Pit
  • 1852: Von-der-Heydt-Schacht
  • 1856: Forward hut (closed in 1882)

s. for this: Coal mine Glückhilf-Friedenshoffnung

Personalities

  • Franz Stuschke (1829–1880), Mayor of Glatz, Member of the Bundestag
  • Rudolf Seidel (1862–1937), German manager and politician of the German People's Party
  • Gustav Dannich (1881–1923) trade union official and member of the Rhenish Provincial Parliament for the SPD

literature

  • Heinrich Bartsch: Unforgettable Waldenburg homeland . Norden (Ostfriesl.) 1969, pp. 348-349

Web links