Hechingen

The title of this article is ambiguous. Further meanings are listed under Hechingen (disambiguation) .

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 48 ° 21 '  N , 8 ° 58'  E
Basic data
State :	Baden-Württemberg
Administrative region :	Tübingen
County :	Zollernalb district
Height :	528 m above sea level NHN
Area :	66.44 km 2
Residents:	19,324 (Dec. 31, 2018)
Population density :	291 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	72379
Primaries :	07471, 07477
License plate :	BL, HCH
Community key :	08 4 17 031
City structure:	9 districts
City administration address :	Marktplatz 1 72379 Hechingen
Website :	www.hechingen.de
Mayor :	Philipp Hahn ( CDU )
Location of the city of Hechingen in the Zollernalb district

Hohenzollern Castle , the town's landmark, built 1850–1867 under the direction of Friedrich August Stülers

Hechingen is the third largest city in the Zollernalb district . The former Hohenzollern district town and former residence of the counts and later princes of Hohenzollern is centrally located in Baden-Württemberg , on the western edge of the Swabian Alb , about 60 kilometers south of the state capital Stuttgart and 90 kilometers north of Lake Constance .

For the surrounding communities it forms a middle center as part of the Neckar-Alb region .

geography

View of Hechingen from the Zoller, Stetten on the right

Geographical location

Hechingen is centrally located in Baden-Württemberg , immediately north of the Albtrauf in the natural area foreland of the western Swabian Alb below Hohenzollern Castle . The Starzel flows from the Killertal to Schlatt , further into the Hechinger lower town and to Stein ; the Reichenbach flows from Boll via Stetten into the lower town, where it flows into the Starzel.

The valley floor of the Starzel west of Stein on the district boundary to Rangendingen is the lowest point of Hechingen at 453 m above sea level.The old town and the city center on a promontory above the Starzel are at 510 m above sea level. In the core city, the Schlossberg with the Schlossackersiedlung and the Martinsberg. Martinsberg is named after the patron saint of the village that used to be there.

The Dreifürstenstein is located in the northeast of the city, in the district of Beuren . Its summit, which can be reached from Beuren via a protected juniper heather , is the highest point in the district at 854 m above sea level.

geology

The Hohenzollerngraben runs in the immediate vicinity of the urban area. Hechingen's local mountain, the Zoller , is a witness mountain that owes its existence to harder, erosion-resistant types of rock.

The soil is characterized by poor fertility. In the urban area, the rock sequences of clay minerals , sandstones , marls and limestones of the Black , Brown and White Jurassic , which occur frequently in the Swabian Alb , are present. In the former wetlands of Nasswasen and Auf der Lichtenau, there is oil shale close to the surface as a cement and energy resource.

In Hechingen there is a sulfur spring discovered in 1835, but it is no longer used.

Neighboring communities

The following cities and communities border the city of Hechingen. They are called clockwise , starting in the north, and belong to the Zollernalb district or the Tübingen district .¹

Bodelshausen ¹, Mössingen ¹, Burladingen , Jungingen , Albstadt , Bisingen , Grosselfingen , Rangendingen and Hirrlingen .¹

City structure

The eight formerly independent communities of Bechtoldsweiler , Beuren , Boll , Schlatt , Sickingen , Stein , Stetten and Weilheim with a total of 29 villages, hamlets, farms and individual houses form the districts of Hechingen. They are localities in the sense of the Baden-Württemberg municipal code, each with its own local council and a local mayor as chairman.

The city also includes residential areas with their own names and four (partly unofficial) city districts. In detail these are: Upper Town, Lower Town, Lindich , Weiher, Friedrichsstraße, Auf der Lichtenau, Am Fürstengarten, Hausener Hof, Ziegelbacher Hof, Stockoch, Schlossackersiedlung and Fasanengartensiedlung.

There were several abandoned villages in the urban area . Spechtshardt in the northwest of the former municipality of Beuren was first mentioned in 1316, only existed as a farm in the 16th century and probably always belonged to the County of Zollern. The abandoned villages of Holzhausen (?), Semdach and Zell were in the area of ​​the former municipality of Boll. The former villages of Appenbach, which was mentioned in 1340 and 1390, and Niederhechingen were in the urban area of ​​Hechingen. Schoenrain, mentioned in the 15th century, was located in the vicinity of Stein, but not with certainty. A former Roman settlement that was abandoned in the Middle Ages was located in the district of Stein, and in the forest near Stein there are remains of a hill fort.

coat of arms
district	Core city	Bechtoldsweiler	Beuren	Boll	Schlatt	Sickingen	stone	Stetten	Weilheim
Population (2007)	12,962	699	123	1,189	858	1,042	992	1,864	752
Population (2009)	11,678	711	183	1,292	852	1,018	991	1,854	757
Population (2013)	-	703	160	1,272	799	1,036	978	1,885	719
Population (2015)	-	729	169	1,256	798	1,071	995	1,903	717

climate

Hechingen lies at 453 to 854 meters above sea level in the temperate climate zone . The average annual temperature, measured at the Hechingen station, 520 meters above sea level, is 8.3 ° C, and the average annual rainfall is 837 millimeters. The warmest month is July with an average of 17.3 ° C, the coldest is January with an average of −0.5 ° C. Most of the precipitation falls in July with an average of 105, the lowest amount in January with an average of 48 millimeters.

Climate data from Hechingen Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Max. Temperature ( ° C ) 3 5 10 13 18th 21st 24 24 20th 14th 8th 4th O 13.7 Min. Temperature (° C) -2 -2 1 4th 8th 11 13 13 10 6th 1 -1 O 5.2 Temperature (° C) -0.5 0.7 3.9 7.5 11.9 15.0 17.3 16.7 13.5 9.2 3.7 0.4 O 8.3 Precipitation ( mm ) 58 50 54 75 95 108 88 93 58 54 61 52 Σ 846 N i e d e r s c h l a g 58 50 54 75 95 108 88 93 58 54 61 52   Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Source: Precipitation :, Average temperature :, Min / Max temperature:

history

prehistory

Reconstructed main building in the Roman Open Air Museum in the Stein district

The first settlement, as evidenced by finds during the expansion of federal highway 27 , is around 1500 BC. Dated. The Roman manor in Stein is a testament to the early Roman settlement . According to the latest findings, the Battle of Solicinium should have taken place in the Hechingen / Beuren area. Ongoing discoveries and excavations in stone lead to the conclusion that the “ Villa Rustica ” was neither an ordinary manor nor a simple settlement, but could be part of the lost Roman city of Solicinium.

Hechingen was founded as an Alemannic village. It is believed that a Hacho settled there with his sons in the sixth or seventh century . With the exception of the St. Luzen monastery church, there are no traces of the actual old town .

For the first time, Hahhingum with the abandoned Martinskirche, located west of today's town on Martinsberg, was mentioned in a document from the St. Gallen monastery in 786 . There were two other villages of the city founded by the Zoller Count ahead: Oberhechingen with the St. Gall Mission Church St. Luzen and said since the 18th century damage hamlet at the foot of the medieval city.

In the Duchy of Swabia , the area of ​​Hechingen belonged to the great Berchtoldsbaar . After its dissolution, at the time of Charlemagne , the area became part of Gau Hattenhuntare . Before the Hohenzollern takeover in the 11th century, the area around the Zollerberg belonged to the lords of Zell , who were the ancestors of the famous von Stauffenberg family. It is believed that Zell was the original name of the Stauffenberger. Since the Stauffenbergers held the hereditary gift office with the Count of Zollern, “Schenk” became part of their surname.

In the place of the later city palace there was a fortified manor house with a craftsmen and servants' settlement, to which the Counts of Zollern attached the planned city complex. In a document of Zoller Count Frederick V of 31 December 1255 on the Hohenzollern Castle is a witness for the first time a "sculteto de haechingen" mentioned. The existence of this mayor, a supreme court official, is proof that Hechingen already held city charter at that time.

middle Ages

St. Luzen Monastery Church

Stetten Monastery Church

→ See also: History of the county of Zollern
→ Compare: History of the rule of Schalksburg

As early as the Middle Ages, Hechingen was on a Reichsstraße that led from the central Neckar area to the south via Rottweil to the Upper Rhine and the Alpine passes. The county was repeatedly weakened by inheritance contracts. The counts had considerable financial problems, so that a siege took place in 1388 and in the following years Count Eberhard II of Württemberg acquired the pledge over the city. The customs counts undertook to be his partisans for the next six years and to open the town and its ancestral castle to him. After the great fire of 1401, the counts attracted new citizens with privileges and special rights. The city then developed into the center of the county. The cost of rebuilding meant that Friedrich von Zollern , known as the Öttinger , sold his entire property to Württemberg in 1415 . However, this was not enough to satisfy his creditors. The Rottweiler court court therefore pronounced eight over him. An attempt at mediation by the Brandenburg cousins ​​failed. The Swabian imperial cities and Countess Henriette von Württemberg enforced the eight in 1423 by conquering and destroying Hohenzollern Castle. After his release from captivity, Friedrich von Zollern died on a trip to the Holy Land. His brother Eitel Friedrich also pledged his share of the county to Württemberg and recognized his succession if he should not have a son. In 1433, at the age of almost 50, he fathered his heir Jos Niklaus and until his death in 1439 he managed to buy back half of his property. Count Jos Niklaus von Hohenzollern was able to obtain permission from the emperor to rebuild the castle against the resistance of the Swabian Association of Towns . He also managed to dissolve the inheritance contract with Württemberg. The town of Hechingen thus remained permanently in the possession of the Zollern. As a result of these disputes, the character of the city changed to that of an agricultural town.

Renaissance and Reformation times

The only surviving city gate, built around 1579

Count Eitel Friedrich IV. (1576–1605) made Hechingen a center of art, music and Renaissance architecture . Numerous buildings initiated by him shape the cityscape: the St. Luzen monastery church , the hospital and the lower tower as one of the last testimonies to the former city ​​fortifications . The renaissance castle, the Friedrichsburg, also built under Eitelfriedrich, was demolished at the beginning of the 19th century and replaced by the New Castle .

Through the division of the estate in 1576, the counties of Hohenzollern-Hechingen , Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen and Hohenzollern-Haigerloch (which belonged to Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen from 1634). From then on, Hechingen was the residence of the Counts of Hohenzollern-Hechingen. This territory, which consisted of the city of Hechingen and 26 villages, did not change fundamentally until the 19th century.

During the Reformation , Hechingen remained Catholic ( Cuius regio, eius religio ) with its sovereign according to the rules of the Augsburg Religious Peace . When the ruler was raised in rank, the city had been the royal residence since 1623.

Hechingen with Hohenzollern Castle (copper engraving by Merian, around 1650)

The Thirty Years War did not leave the royal seat unaffected. The imperial troops did not reach Hechingen until 1625. At that time the prince bore the costs of the troops, so that the taxes of the residents of the city and the principality rose immeasurably. Many people died during this time due to several bad harvests and looting soldiers.

The principality lost 500 horses in an attack by Swedish troops in 1632. The following year, the entire Swedish army marched under the command of Field Marshal von Horn . The attackers, supported by soldiers from the Landgraviate of Hessen-Kassel , the Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt and those of the Duchy of Württemberg , demanded the surrender of the castle after the occupation of the city. The castle commandant Matthäus Weinmann refused or did not answer, since the Counts of Hohenzollern-Haigerloch and Hohenzollern-Hechingen were there with their entourage and families at the time. The troops moved on to Sigmaringen the following day .

In the spring of 1633, Duke Eberhard von Württemberg took the county of Hohenzollern-Haigerloch. On July 5, 1633, Hechingen and the castle were taken by the Württemberg troops. The castle was surrounded and besieged by 2,000 men. The siege lasted nine months. During this time, the provisions were brought to the castle through underground secret passages under cover of darkness. Since there was hardly any money left, the farmers were paid with valuables that were brought to a safe place in the castle.

On April 3, 1634, the castle was handed over to the Württemberg people, but this only made the situation worse: the soldiers stole everything that fell into their hands. In the end, the farmers ran out of animals and were unable to work their fields.

A short time later, imperial troops reached the principality, which forced the Württemberg soldiers to withdraw. Only the castle remained under the Württemberg occupation. A renewed deployment of imperial troops remained unsuccessful, because they were weakened and worn out by the war and were therefore unable to defeat the Württemberg people. In the following year 1635 the plague broke out, so that many people died in the already weakened city. In 1635 the castle also came to the elector Maximilian of Bavaria through a deception maneuver . After the withdrawal of his troops, the castle was again occupied by Zoller in 1637.

The troops of Bernhard von Sachsen-Weimar , who was allied with France , robbed the city completely within twelve days in 1638, so that after there were no more dogs and cats, people are said to have even fed on nettles and snails. The castle came into Bavarian ownership again in 1639 and was only cleared again in 1650. The residents of the principality were finally so impoverished by 1640 that they could no longer pay the contributions .

After the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, the scattered soldiers stayed for another two years because of unpaid contributions. In 1650 the war was finally over. Thanksgiving services were held throughout the Hohenzollern region.

the Age of Enlightenment

Hechingen with St. Luzen Monastery (view from 1716)

From 1764 the cityscape was decisively shaped by the princely building director Pierre Michel d'Ixnard , who, as a pioneer of early classicism , was one of the most sought-after architects in southern Germany. Among other things, the Catholic collegiate church comes from him .

Nepomuk in the place of the old one by Johann Georg Weckenmann

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe praised these on his trip to Switzerland in 1797:

“Basically part of Hechingen, part of the city with the castle on the hill. Below left between meadows and fields is a monastery, behind the space Hohenzollern on the mountain, the view at the entrance to Hechingen is very nice. The first saint of Nepomuk on the bridge in a long time ; but was also necessary because of the bad roads ... Very nice church. "

Post-Napoleonic period until annexation to Prussia

Lithograph (around 1860)

Due to the personal relations with Napoleon Bonaparte , the principalities could Hohenzollern-Hechingen and Hohenzollern of media coverage beyond the beginning of the 19th century.

When Pope Pius VII, for reasons of power politics, abolished the old diocese of Constance , which in his eyes was too liberal and committed to the Enlightenment , and founded the Archdiocese of Freiburg , the Hohenzollern princes joined this re-establishment. Rottenburg am Neckar , which is much closer, became a state bishopric for the Württemberg Catholics.

From 1826 Hechingen became a cultural center in southern Germany under the last ruling Prince Constantine and his wife Eugénie de Beauharnais . Famous personalities were guests: Eugénie's cousin, who later became Emperor Napoleon III. , Hector Berlioz and Franz Liszt . The court chapel enjoyed a good reputation and the princely couple developed a brisk building activity in the style of classicism . Princess Eugenie, a step-granddaughter of Napoléon Bonaparte, brought further splendor to the small royal seat with her connections to the European nobility. Eugénie was also socially committed and had a large children's institution and a home for the elderly built.

Map of the Hohenzollern Lands , part of Prussia after 1850

After Prince Konstantin renounced his inheritance due to tiredness following the March Revolution of 1848, the Catholic Hechingen, together with the entire Principality of Hohenzollern-Hechingen , fell to the Protestant Kingdom of Prussia in 1850 . The city received the status of an administrative city in the Prussian government district Sigmaringen, which was also known as the Hohenzollernsche Lande and, apart from the military administration, had the powers of a province. Sigmaringen became the provincial capital in spite of the more favorable location in terms of transport, the better economic conditions at the time and the higher population of Hechingen. The king's architect, Friedrich August Stüler , began to rebuild Hohenzollern Castle in the same year and a few years later also built the Protestant parish church of St. Johannes .

Jewish hechingen

Jewish Cemetery

At the end of the Middle Ages, Jews were able to settle in Hechingen because the County of Zollern promised economic benefits from this. A Jewish resident was first mentioned in 1435. In 1544 "ten families lived in six own houses" in the city. They had had their own synagogue there since 1546 . In 1592 they were deprived of their livelihood by Count Eitel Friedrich I von Hohenzollern-Hechingen , which amounted to expulsion. As a result, the first Jewish community died out. After the Thirty Years' War, a new Jewish community developed, which in 1742 acquired a building at 20 Goldschmiedstrasse, which they set up as a synagogue. Several modifications and a new building from 1765–1767 are documented. In the Friedrichsstraße district and then ghetto there was a second synagogue from 1761 to 1878, which was used until 1870. Up until 1848 there had been a third synagogue in Hechingen: the monastery synagogue in the teaching house of the Kaulla family in Münzgasse. A Talmud school was set up there. Even Berthold Auerbach got there as a student, when he was a rabbi should be, and lived with pen Rabbi Nathan Reichenberger. The building of the teaching house, to which the monastery synagogue belonged, was demolished in the summer of 1936. The portal stone of the Lehrhaus in der Münz was preserved, was recovered in 1987 and has since been shown in the exhibition on the gallery of the old synagogue. From 1850 to 1852 the synagogue at Goldschmiedstrasse 20 was enlarged again, and in 1881 a neoclassical facade was added.

The synagogue in the old town

The proportion of Jews in the population peaked at around 25% in the middle of the 19th century, but then quickly declined. In 1903 there were still 192 Jews living in the city. During the Reichspogromnacht in 1938, the interior of the synagogue was completely destroyed by members of the SA from Hechingen under the direction of SA Standartenführer Karl Schuhmacher from Reutlingen, and district administrator Schraermeyer, on the orders of the Sigmaringen Gestapo, arrested 15 "wealthy Jews" that same night “, Five of the prisoners were transferred to the Dachau concentration camp . "In the era of National Socialism 14 the already residing at least since 1933 in the city of 105 Jews or were deported as Jewish classified citizens of Hechingen and murdered ( bearing Jungfernhof in Riga , Ghetto Izbica , ghetto Theresienstadt ), one was in the concentration camp Welzheim admitted and murdered in the Mauthausen concentration camp , and at least 14 of those who had emigrated were deported elsewhere ”. In the mid-1980s, the building, threatened by decay, was restored again due to the commitment of the “Initiative Hechinger Synagoge”. In 2003 it was used again as a synagogue for a time, mainly because of the activities of the “Alte Synagoge Hechingen eV” association as a cultural center and memorial site.

In the permanent exhibition for securing evidence - Jewish life in Hohenzollern , the history of the Hechingen Jews is also remembered in the former Haigerloch synagogue . Among other things, Markus Wolf talks about his childhood in Hechingen in an interview. His father Friedrich Wolf lived as a doctor and writer in Hechingen from 1921 to 1926. The permanent exhibition on the gallery of the Old Synagogue in Hechingen presents other important personalities: The humanist, socialist and, after the murder of Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg, first chairman of the Communist Party of Germany, Paul Levi was born as the son of a Jewish community leader in Hechingen. Madame Kaulla should also be mentioned as an outstanding personality who played a major role nationwide.

industrialization

Hechingen old town before 1906

Under Prussian rule, Hechingen was also a Prussian-Hohenzollern administrative town . The industrialization of the city that began in 1850 was almost entirely carried out by Jewish entrepreneurs. The era of industrialization began with the opening of the Baruch cloth factory , which was located on Staig. By 1873, in the course of the early days of the company , nine textile factories had already gained a foothold in Hechingen: Benedikt Baruch & Sons, J. Heilbronner & Sons, Julius Levi & Cie, Spinnerei Karlstal in Haigerloch, Gebr. Bing, the Mechanical Trikotweberei Löwengrad, Gebr. Bernheim, David Levy and the cotton wholesaler Levy & Liebmann. The latter manufactured the then famous Togolano undergarments in Hechingen. Parts of the factory buildings were later taken over by Volma and have been partially preserved. The Bernheim brothers expanded to Reutlingen, together with the other eight textile factories, the looms and knitting machines offered more than 2500 jobs for citizens of the city, the surrounding area and the entire Swabian Alb between 1924 and 1928. The city's trade tax capital was already 10,720,000 Reichsmarks in 1910, of which the Jewish companies paid 5 million.

National Socialism

Hechinger Obertorplatz around 1904

The neo-Gothic, playful facade of the old town hall from 1815 with its turrets and bay windows was redesigned in 1935 in the style of Nazi architecture. In the course of these renovations, attempts were made to set up an air raid shelter and the foundation was considerably damaged in the process . Because of this and because of the great difference in height between the front and rear, the demolition was unavoidable in 1957 . Air raid shelters were also set up in the New Palace at the time. During the war years, many people were relocated to the Hechingen area from areas threatened by air raids. The DEHOMAG , forerunner of IBM , moved the large machine production from the destroyed by air strikes work Berlin light field to Hechingen. There was a patent office on the Hechingen market square. Because of the British air raids on Berlin in late autumn 1943, parts of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physics and the staff were also relocated to Hechingen. The institute was housed in the brewery building of the former Franciscan monastery of Sankt Luzen and remained there until 1947. The Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Biology under Max Hartmann , Fritz von Wettstein and Emmy Stein , which had also moved to Hechingen in 1944 , was relocated to Tübingen in 1952 . The Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Chemistry under Otto Hahn moved to Tailfingen at the same time as that for Physics in 1943 . Some physicists, including Werner Heisenberg and Karl Wirtz , initially stayed in Berlin and continued their research in the bunker. In January 1945, however, Russian tanks appeared off Berlin. The physicists had their reactor shipped first to Stadtilm and later to Haigerloch and fled to Hechingen.

Lieutenant Colonel Pash on April 23, 1945 in Hechingen

In order to forestall the French troops, General Groves and Lieutenant Colonel Pash planned to attack the St. Luzen monastery, in which the facilities with most of the physicists were located, with paratroopers from the air or to destroy it by bombing. However, the physicist Goudsmit was able to convince Groves that the German uranium project was not worth the effort and so it was decided to undertake a land operation. In April 1945, American troops marched into the district of Hechingen. They took the Hechingen laboratory and the Haigerloch research reactor and captured the scientists, including Erich Bagge , Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker and Karl Wirtz, during the Alsos mission . Otto Hahn, who was also living in Hechingen at the time, was arrested in Tailfingen and interned with the other physicists around Werner Heisenberg and some employees of the institute as part of Operation Epsilon at the Farm Hall estate in England and interrogated for several months.

post war period

The city was incorporated into the French occupation zone. The military governor of the city was Colonel Courtois. The district became part of Württemberg-Hohenzollern in 1947 , before the state of Baden-Württemberg was formed in 1952 . The district of Hechingen belonged with the district of Sigmaringen to the regional association of the Hohenzollern Lands . This was guaranteed by article 2, paragraph 2 of the constitution, including the right to self-government.

The arbitrary measures under National Socialism had damaged the Hechingen economy considerably, as a large part of the Hechingen factories were previously owned by Jews. With the new economic start in the post-war period, more and more companies in metal processing, electrical engineering and the plastics industry emerged. Like BMW, IBM moved away from plans to build a large plant in Hechingen. The city's “house company”, the Volma, was taken over by the US Jockey Group and ended production a few years ago.

The further industrial development and the acceptance of displaced persons required the development of new residential areas and the construction of social housing. This development is visible in the settlements on Schalksburgstrasse , Ermelesstrasse , Fasanengarten , Schlossacker , Schlossberg and Stockoch . At present (2009) the residential areas are Helle BA. I in Sickingen and building sites in the residential area Killberg BA. II developed. Other planned residential areas are Stein-Ost , Hilb in Stetten and the remaining First site to close the gap between First and the old town. A significant change in the building fabric took place in the immediate heart of the city, on Obertorplatz. The square, which was formerly an English garden, has been redesigned several times. Only three of the old houses in Herrengässle have survived. The west side of Obertorplatz gave way to a parking lot before the turn of the millennium. The Burgtheater, the publishing house of the Hohenzollerische Zeitung and new buildings for the Südwestbank and Volksbank Balingen were built on the east side . The historic Hotel Linde-Post was originally located on Obertorplatz, where the post coaches on the Stuttgart – Hechingen – Schaffhausen line stopped.

Until the present

The old town of Hechingen, with Sankt Luzen in the foreground

In the course of a regional reform in 1925, Hechingen became the district town of the newly formed district of Hechingen . As part of the district and community reform of 1973, the previously independent communities of Bechtoldsweiler, Beuren, Boll, Schlatt, Sickingen, Stein, Stetten and Weilheim were incorporated into Hechingen. The city came to the newly founded Zollernalbkreis , successor as the district town was Balingen , which received all important authorities except for the regional court . Originally, the central area of ​​Hechingen was to be divided into two districts, Haigerloch and Bisingen with Hohenzollern Castle in the Zollernalb district, while Hechingen, Burladingen, Jungingen and Rangendingen favored the connection to the Tübingen district . This failed due to the massive resistance of the population, which led to a referendum. The majority decided to be assigned to the Zollernalb district. As a result, the plans to incorporate other surrounding communities into Hechingen were also rejected.

The incorporation of the new parts of the city and the construction of the settlements required renovation and expansion measures in the social area. The creation and further development of cultural facilities such as the special purpose association for youth music school Hechingen and the surrounding area on the upper floor of the renovated historic Spittel building was promoted in order to consolidate Hechingen as a medium-sized center in the long term.

On the evening of June 2, 2008, a thunderstorm flooded and drowned three women. The " Killer valley " (for Killertal ) made international headlines.

Incorporations

year places Increase in ha 1413 Niederhechingen unknown 1901 Lindich et al. Hauserhof 300 Aug 1, 1971 Stetten 630 April 1, 1972 Bechtoldsweiler 278 April 1, 1972 Beuren 356

year places Increase in ha April 1, 1972 Boll 1256 April 1, 1972 Schlatt 678 April 1, 1972 Sickingen 215 April 1, 1972 stone 386 April 1, 1972 Weilheim 694

Population development

 

Population development in Hechingen according to the table below. Above from 1434 to 2017. Below an excerpt from 1871

year Residents 1434 00300 1487 00500 1544 00844 1614 01,400 1640 00420 1806 03,708 1845 03,300 1871 1 06,390 1880 1 07,429 1890 1 07,377 1900 1 07,643 1925 1 09,184 1933 1 09,447 1939 1 09,513 1950 1 11,585 1956 1 13,989 1961 1 14,069 1962 14,328

year Residents 1963 14,505 1964 14,778 1965 15,217 1966 15.308 1967 15,477 1968 15,707 1969 16,166 1970 1 15,707 1971 15,989 1972 16,239 1973 16,280 1974 16,064 1975 15,926 1976 15,836 1977 15,873 1978 15,905 1979 15,964 1980 15,955

year Residents 1981 15,977 1982 15,956 1983 15,984 1984 15,879 1985 15,931 1986 16,050 1987 1 15,962 1988 16,029 1989 16,390 1990 16,870 1991 17,573 1992 18.008 1993 18,504 1994 18,786 1995 18,880 1996 19,053 1997 19,169

year Residents 1998 19,326 1999 19,396 2000 19,456 2001 19,601 2002 19,499 2003 19,420 2004 19,488 2005 19,418 2006 19,369 2007 19,503 2008 19,150 2009 19,168 2010 19,089 2013 19,506 2014 19,646 2015 19,779 2017 19,157

Note: Population figures are official updates from the Baden-Württemberg State Statistical Office (only main residences ).

¹ Results of censuses

religion

Around 10,000 (52%) of the residents of Hechingen are Roman Catholic , 4,850 (25%) Protestant and 4,450 (23%) belong to other religions or are non-denominational . In 1952 around 8,300 (69.5%) were Catholic, 3,250 (27.3%) Protestant and 390 (3.3%) belonged to the others. At that time five people from the formerly large Jewish community were still living in the city.

Roman Catholic Church

Pilgrimage church Maria Zell in Boll

The area of ​​today's city of Hechingen initially belonged to the diocese of Constance and was subordinate to the archdeaconate Rauhe Alb . The Counts of Zollern were always Catholic and the city remained Catholic even during the Reformation, along with the sovereigns. The Niederhechinger Martinskirche, built in the early Middle Ages, which survived the Thirty Years' War unscathed and was only demolished at the beginning of the 19th century, was probably the first church in the city. The monastery church of St. Luzen and the Marienkirche were first mentioned in the 14th century . Instead of the Marienkirche, which was demolished for this purpose, the collegiate church was built from 1780 to 1783 . Other Catholic churches in the city area are the classicist branch church of St. Wendelin from 1812 in Beuren, the late classicist Beuren church from 1842, the parish church of St. Nikolaus in Boll, built in 1903 in Art Nouveau, and the pilgrimage church of Maria Zell in Boll, which was built around 1709 as a parish church today Cemetery chapel in Schlatt, the neo-Gothic brick parish church in Schlatt from 1900, the St. Dyonius church in Sickingen, the parish church of St. Markus in Stein built in 1832 with a steeple based on the Hechingen collegiate church, the parish and fortified church in Weilheim and rebuilt in 1789 the Heiligkreuz cemetery chapel .

Protestant Church

After the annexation to Prussia, Prussian functionaries and officers and more and more other Protestant citizens moved to Hechingen, so that the parish church of St. Johannes was built in 1857 and a separate parish was founded in 1861. In 1906 the church was extended by a transverse building.

The parish of Hechingen belonged to the parish of the Hohenzoller Lands within the Evangelical Church of the Old Prussian Union . It has only been part of the Württemberg regional church since 1951 . The Protestant residents of the parishes Bisingen , Wessingen , Grosselfingen , Tannheim, Zimmer and Rangendingen were assigned to the parish of Hechingen between 1951 and 1968. Between 1951 and 1974 the towns of Starzeln, Killer and Wilflingen were also assigned to the municipality of Hechingen, but they were given there in order to receive Sickingen and Bechtoldsweiler in return. The parish is part of the Balingen church district in the Reutlingen prelature . The Protestant community center is located on the Schlossberg and there are three parishes West, East and Central. In the Protestant parishes in Hohenzollern, the old Prussian form of worship continues to exist at the request of the parishes.

New Apostolic Church

The New Apostolic Church Congregation Hechingen was founded in 1922. The community belongs to the church district of Albstadt in the Apostle area of ​​Tübingen in southern Germany. The present church on the Schlossberg was consecrated in 1960 and rebuilt in 1975. In addition to the districts of Hechingen, Bisingen (including the districts), Grosselfingen, Rangendingen (with Höfendorf) also belong to the parish of Hechingen.

Jehovah's Witnesses

On the site of the former Stadtwerke, in Bahnhofsstraße, there is now a large commercial building and an attached residential building, in which the Jehovah's Witnesses have set up a Kingdom Hall.

Islam

During the economic boom , it was mainly Turkish Muslim guest workers who also reached Hechingen, who increasingly needed their own place of worship towards the end of the 1960s. The Turkish-Islamic Association rented the premises of the former community school in the old town, which founded the first mosque in the Neckar-Alb region. At the end of April 2012, the Süleymaniye Mosque was inaugurated in the Prinzling . It has a copper-clad dome and a minaret.

Judaism

see section → Jewish Hechingen

politics

Local elections 2019

Turnout: 51.0% (2014: 42.2%)

 %

40

30th

20th

10

0

31.7%

30.9%

14.3%

3.9%

5.7%

13.5%

CDU

FW

SPD

FDP

AfD

HCH-BL ^f

Gains and losses

compared to 2014

 % p

   6th

   4th

   2

   0

  -2

  -4

  -6

  -8th

-6.6  % p

+ 2.9  % p

-6.8  % p

+1.0  % p

+ 5.7  % p

+ 3.8  % p.p.

CDU

FW

SPD

FDP

AfD

HCH-BL ^f

Remarks:

^f HCH-BL = Hechinger Colorful List

Town hall and fountain, which shows the history of the city in relief (2018)

Municipal council

The municipal council is elected for a term of five years. The local elections on May 26, 2019 resulted in the following distribution of the 33 seats (with a change compared to the 2014 election):

Party / list	Seats	+/-
CDU	11	- 1
SPD	5	- 1
FDP	1	± 0
AfD	2	+ 2
FWV	10	+ 2
HCH-BL	4th	+ 1

Youth Council

The Hechingen Youth Community Council has existed since 1996. All youths and young adults between the ages of 14 and 20 are entitled to vote. Every eligible voter can also be nominated for election. The term of office is two years. The youth council consists of 14 members. The last election took place on November 22, 2008. The youth council has a budget of 1500 euros and can propose topics for the council with a three-quarters majority.

mayor

Since the 12th century, a lordly mayor has been at the head of the city as chairman of a council of twelve judges. The number of members changed several times. In the course of time the terms Untervogt and Stadtamtmann were also used. These were confronted by mayors who, contrary to the current meaning of the word, were responsible for the city's financial management, which is why two or more mayors were listed in the city chronicle for a long time . The mayors, upper bailiffs , city officials and mayors were dependent on the favor of the count or prince of Hohenzollern. In today's districts, the sovereign appointed bailiffs for administration. According to a new city ordinance in 1835, the city leaders of Hechingen were freely elected. In connection with the transition to Prussia, the official title of the mayor corresponded to the current one.

Mayor since 1798

1798–1822 Friedrich Johann Neyer 1822–1823 Karl von Paur 1823–1830 Gustav Freiherr Frank von Fürstenwerth000 1830–1831 Johann Nepomuk von Giegling 1831–1833 Friedrich Milden 1833–1834 Anton Strässle 1834–1839 Anton Speidel 1839–1846 Joseph Stehle 1846–1848 Xaver Dieringer 1848–1859 Gustav Ruff, Stadtschultheiß

1859–1891 Carl Baur, city school district 1892–1908 Konrad Mayer, Stadtschultheiß (mayor from 1901) 1908–1926 Anton Häussler 1929–1945 Paul Bindereif 1946–1948 August Pretzl 1948–1967 Paul Bindereif 1967–1995 Norbert Roth (CDU) 1995–2011 Jürgen Weber (FWV) 2011–2018 Dorothea Bachmann (independent) since June 1, 2018 Philipp Hahn (CDU)

Administrative community

The city ​​has agreed the administrative community of Hechingen with the neighboring communities of Jungingen and Rangendingen .

Spatial planning

The central area of Hechingen as part of the regional planning and planning region Neckar-Alb includes the town of Hechingen and the towns and communities of Haigerloch , Burladingen , Bisingen , Rangendingen , Grosselfingen and Jungingen . For the municipalities of Bisingen and Grosselfingen, the city also fulfills functions at the level of a sub-center . The state development plan 2002 assigned the task of future allocation of the rural agglomeration of Albstadt / Balingen / Hechingen to the metropolitan region of Stuttgart .

Of the total municipal area of ​​the city of Hechingen of 6,644 hectares, 1,149 hectares (17.3%) are used as settlement or traffic areas, 2,788 hectares (42.0%) as agricultural area, 2607 hectares (39.3%) are forest areas and 35 hectares ( 0.5%) bodies of water. 65 hectares (1.0%) are used for other purposes.

coat of arms

The coat of arms of the city of Hechingen shows a quartered shield, in silver and black, the colors of the Hohenzollern . The colors of the city flag are black and white. The city's oldest seal dates from 1318. Changes in shape and color have been documented since 1318, even if only minimal.

Town twinning

district	Twin town	country	since
Stetten	Fehraltorf	Switzerland	1969
Core city	Joué-lès-Tours	France	1973
Weilheim	Graun	Italy	1988
Core city	Limbach-Oberfrohna	Saxony	1990
Core city	Hódmezővásárhely	Hungary	1994
Stetten	Stetten (Haut-Rhin)	France
Stetten	Stetten SH	Switzerland
Stetten	Stetten AG	Switzerland
Stetten	Dölsach	Austria
Stetten	Stetten / Korneuburg	Austria

After the end of the Second World War, Hechingen became a sponsor town for the city and the district of Oels in Silesia.

Culture and sights

Hechingen, in an official tourist name " the Zollernstadt ", is located on the Hohenzollernstrasse and the Roman road Neckar-Alb-Aare .

theatre

In the Stadthalle Hechingen there are regular cultural events such as theater guest performances with musicals and operettas.

Museums

• Zollernalb Oldtimer Museum
• German Calendar Museum
• Roman Open Air Museum Hechingen-Stein
• Hohenzollerisches Landesmuseum in the "Old Castle"
• Stetten local history museum

Cinemas

• Burgtheater with four halls
• Schwanen-Kino-Center with four halls

music

Concerts for smaller groups take place regularly in the domain and the Fürstengarten. Including the town band and gospel choir, there are over 30 music associations or choirs and orchestras in Hechingen. The clubs give concerts throughout the year.

Buildings

Collegiate Church of St. Jakobus von d'Ixnard, according to Goethe a "very beautiful church"

New castle , built under Prince Friedrich Hermann Otto

Villa Eugenia

• Hohenzollern Castle , a neo-Gothic building by the Prussian star architect Friedrich August Stüler , built between 1850 and 1867, is located in the Bisingen district .
• Collegiate Church of St. Jakobus , landmark and center of the city, built from 1780 to 1783 in the Louis-seize or braid style by Pierre Michel d'Ixnard under Prince Josef Wilhelm .
• New town hall , built in 1957/58 under the direction of Paul Schmitthenner . There were two previous buildings at this point. The former Gothic town hall from 1510 was rebuilt in the neo-renaissance style in 1886.
• New Palace , a classicist building by Rudolf Burnitz , a pupil of Weinbrenner's , built between 1818 and 1819.
• Villa Eugenia , built in 1786 as a pleasure garden house in front of the city in the Fürstengarten and expanded in 1833, served as the last princely residence on the Hohenzollern-Hechingen line. Among others, Franz Liszt gave concerts here .
• St. Luzen Monastery Church , Renaissance building from 1586 to 1589.
• Lindich Castle , princely hunting and pleasure palace from 1738.
• Parish church of St. Johannes , neo-Gothic by Friedrich August Stüler built from 1856 to 1857 by order of King Friedrich Wilhelm IV.
• Synagogue in the old town , built in 1767 with a subsequently added classical facade, renovated in 1986, now serves as a cultural center.
• Fürstin-Eugenie-Kindergarten , built in 1839 as a children's institution , classicism and early elements of the neo-renaissance mix, today district court.
• Regional court , built between 1873 and 1875 in the neo-renaissance style by the architect Laur.
• Villa Silberburg, originally the restaurant Zur Silberburg , was converted into a late classicist princely summer and guest house in 1844.
• "Weißes Häusle", a former billiard house, in the prince's garden, is used by the Kunstverein Hechingen eV for exhibitions, concerts and meetings. A memorial stone in front of the entrance commemorates Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben .
• Lower tower, built in 1580 by Count Eitel Friedrich I , is the only preserved city gate.
• Beuren village church, built in late Classicist style in 1842, with high-quality Gothic sculptures of John the Baptist and Anna Selbdritt .
• Stetten Monastery Church , built from around 1280, hereditary burial place of the Counts of Zollern .
• Pilgrimage chapel Maria Zell in the suburb of Boll .
• Heiligkreuzkapelle , donated in 1403, today the chapel of the municipal cemetery.
• Hofkonditorei Café Röcker , historic confectionery and coffee house .

Memorials

• Since 1955 a memorial plaque on the cemetery hall of the Jewish cemetery has been commemorating 18 named Jewish citizens who fell victim to the Shoah during the Nazi dictatorship .
• Obelisk for the former Friedrichstal hunting lodge
• The Synagogenstrasse memorial site was inaugurated in 2001.

Parks

• The Fürstengarten south of the old town is the last completely preserved princely park. It was laid out by Prince Josef Friedrich Wilhelm together with the Lustgartenhaus in 1786/87 as an English landscape type.

• 

  Billiard house

• 

  Princely Chief Forester's Office

• 

  Villa Billing

• 

  Villa Silberburg

• Between Zollern- and Heiligkreuzstraße, the former pension Park , the Prussian officials and officers built their houses. Some government and administrative buildings were later erected there. At that time, the name cylinder quarter was common for this area because of the many people wearing tails and cylinders .
• Stadtgarten : The small park created in 2003 forms a connection between the Prince Garden and the old town. In the city garden there is a Kneipp facility and a meeting place for senior citizens.
• Frauengarten : Large parts of the women's garden are now part of the Fürstengarten. The women's garden owes its name to the Haimbschen house , which was demolished in the post-war period and was originally built by the princely couple for a chambermaid of Eugénie . The garden of this house extended to the end of today 's Frauengartenstrasse and to the prince 's garden .

Natural monuments

• Hanging stone

Recreational goals

• Dreifürstenstein : 860  m above sea level NHN high mountain peaks, north of Beuren. From up there, there are distant views to the peaks of the Black Forest. The borders of three principalities came together at the Dreifürstenstein.
• Raichberg : 957  m above sea level NHN , south-southeast of Boll in the district of Albstadt. At the top of the mountain there is a television tower, an observation tower and two restaurants.
• Zeller Horn : 913  m above sea level NHN , south of Boll.
• Zoller : 858  m above sea level NHN , Hechingen's local mountain, southwest of Boll. Around half of the mountain and the summit are in the Bisingen district.

Sports

The Hechingen Golf Club, FC Hechingen and TSV Boll as well as TC Hechingen (organizer of the Hechinger Ladies Open , a tournament of the German Masters Series) are the most famous of the more than 50 sports clubs in the city. The children's karate school run by the Hechingen karate team has been the region's largest and best-known karate school for years. It is organized in the karate college .

To the left of the Starzel in the pond is a large sports area (Weiherstadion) . There are further football pitches at the southern exit of Zollernstrasse and in all parts of the city. In the immediate vicinity of the Weiherstadion there is an indoor pool with a combined outdoor pool, a skate park, the tennis courts and the tennis hall of the TC Hechingen, a mini golf course in the Rapphof and shooting ranges. The districts of Boll, Stetten and Stein have additional tennis courts. The Hechingen riding club is located near the Lindich . To the north of the pheasant garden , golf can be played on an 18-hole course. There is a model airplane field in the north of the city.

In the school district there are two school sports halls, three sports fields , the Zollernalb district sports hall and a teaching pool. At the grammar school on the Lichtenau there is a school sports hall with an adjoining teaching pool and a large sports area. In the years 2009–2011 a new three-field sports hall was built for the high school . Other sports halls are located in the districts, with the exception of Bechtoldsweiler and Beuren.

regional customs

• New Year's citizens' meeting in the Hechingen town hall (January)
• Carnival celebrations throughout the city (January / February)
• "Hamburg Fish Market" on Obertorplatz (March)
• Strong beer festival at Hofgut Domain (March)
• Pub night in the old town (April)
• Georgi market in the lower town (April)
• Walpurgis night and maypole posts (April / May)
• City festival "" Hechingen aktiv "" (June)
• Jakobimarkt in the Johannesbrücke / Herrenackerstraße area (July)
• Irma-West children's and local festival (2nd weeks before summer vacation)
• Use your summer in the Fürstengarten (beginning of summer vacation)
• 7 days of open-air cinema in the indoor swimming pool (beginning of summer vacation)
• One-week holiday games "Ratzgiwatz" in the old town (August)
• Ladies Open (since 1997 in August)
• Fürstengarten Run (August)
• Hohenzollern Cup (August)
• Roman festival in the open-air museum (September)
• Michaelimarkt in the lower town (September)
• Pub night in the city center (October)
• International Castle Run (October)
• Hechingen in the shine of lights (November)
• Sternlesmarkt in the old town (Advent season)
• Christmas market in the lower town (December)

Hechingen is the scene of classic car meetings several times a year . The Hohenzollerische Landesmuseum offers various special exhibitions all year round.

The Zollern Lodge of the German Druid Order (DDO), which belongs to the IGLD , is located in Hechingen. The Eugenien-Lodge, the first women's lodge of the DDO, was founded here.

Irma-West children's and local festival in Hechingen

Every year on the second weekend before the summer holidays, the place Irma West -Kinder- and Heimatfest instead. Princess Eugenie already organized parties for schoolchildren and for the children of the children's institution she founded. After her death in the second half of the 19th century, children's parties were regularly held in the riding school on Sedan Day. In 1900 a children's festival was held on the “Lichtenau” in honor of the 50th anniversary of the transition from Hohenzollern to Prussia, and in 1913 a children's festival was celebrated in the “Fürstengarten” in honor of the 25-year reign of the emperor . After the First World War , during the Weimar Republic , the tradition of the children's festival was interrupted.

Only in 1936 could a children's festival take place again in Hechingen. Fred West, who was born in Hechingen in 1847 as Friedrich Wüst and emigrated to America in 1872, got in touch with the mayor of Hechingen shortly before his death. At his death in 1930 he bequeathed a considerable sum of money to the city. A part of it, 10,000 dollars, he intended to hold an annual children's festival for all children regardless of their origin or class, under the name Irma-West Children's Festival, in memory of his daughter Irma, who died at the age of 24. It took four years for the money to arrive in Hechingen. Two more years were needed for the planning.

The then mayor Paul Bindereif was responsible for organizing the festival. The focus was not on children's entertainment as determined by Fred West, but on National Socialist upbringing and ideology. Figures from the history of Hechingen had been chosen, but the practical execution with the National Socialist guiding principles such as the Führer principle was obvious. The boys had to undergo a military sport-like test. The girls made handicrafts and had to take part in an athletics competition. The Jewish children were excluded from the children's festival, which also reduced the second idea of ​​the foundation to absurdity.

There were no children's parties during the war. The first festival after the war took place on the Lichtenau in 1949 . In 1969 the new fairground in the pond was used for the first time. Groups such as the youth fan parade, but also associations from the city and the city districts, take part in the parade and other festive activities today. There are bike, soccer and dodgeball tournaments, a fairground and many other offers for children and young people. The highlights every year are the festival on the town hall forecourt on Saturday evening and the great historical parade with more than 2,000 participants in many costumes. There are fireworks on Monday evening.

Carnival

Narrentreffen 2007 in Hechingen

Mardi Gras has a long tradition in Hechingen, as is proven by finds from the count's regional regulations of the 16th century. They deal with the ceremony of Carnival and the wearing of mummies or slugs . Local newspapers reported in the 1830s about events in the hall and masked balls in the style of the Rhenish Carnival , about a first parade in 1856. The Narrhalla Hechingen was founded in 1877 from a loose committee of fools , which from then on organized the parades.

The Narhalla Hechingen published its own fool's newspaper from 1880. After the First World War , the first move took place in 1925 under the motto Alt-Hechingen , because it had to be organized as a historical move in order to be approved. The admission into the Association of Swabian-Alemannic Fools Guilds took place in the following year of the 50th anniversary, which brought the Hechinger fools game with it. Today the city is a regional stronghold of the Swabian-Alemannic Carnival .

In addition to the old historical fool's guild Narrhalla Hechingen , founded in 1877 , other groups such as the Zollerhexen , the Hagemannhexen as well as Hudelgaibätscher , Schnorchelhuaschter , Gugguba and the Original Hechinger Lumpenmusik emerged . In the districts there are also fools' guilds with their own costumes: Ehrenwalddister and Waldschrat in Bechtoldsweiler, Hagaverschrecker in Stetten, Hasawedel in Boll, Hutzlabäuch in Weilheim, Sadbolla in Stein, Uhu in Schlatt and the Sickinger meerkats . The names and costumes (Häs) are derived from local sagas and stories. Many of the groups have their own sayings and calls. The city's music clubs appear in costumes that have been specially designed for Carnival, and there are several free groups with changing costumes.

Characteristic figures of the Hechinger Carnival are above all the Butzen (black Butzenhäs with wooden or (older) cloth mask and the single figure Roter Butz ), the Pestmännle (single figure), which is led by several Butzen on a chain, and the jester (traditional Mi -parti -fool costume with wooden mask, bells, fool's cap and quirk).

The highlights are the autumn ball on Saturday after November 11th , the town hall storm or the Altweiberfasnet on Aoseliga Daoschtig (unfortunate Thursday), the prize ball on Shrove Saturday in the town hall, Lompameedig (rag Monday) and Shrove Tuesday, on which the Narrhalla Hechingen together with the Zollerhexen organized the big parade. Every year 3,000–5,000 Häträger take part in the parade .

The Aoselige is the day of the old / women. After the jester tree and the removal of the mayor, they roam the streets and bars, made unrecognizable with women's masks, to anonymously reprimand and tease the men. The counterpart is Lumpameedig (Lumpenmontag), on which the rags go through the city making music and joking . The costumes of the elderly and rags are not standardized. The old woman is a woman in a Biedermeier costume, the rags are made up and mostly wear worn, patched clothes (pants, shirt, vest, jacket, hat and backpack). Another characteristic of the rag is that it usually carries a hearty snack (black sausage) with it and that it is also happy to distribute it. The carnival ends with the burning of the Pestmännles (straw fire on the castle square), in which all carnival groups in the city center take part.

Culinary specialties

• Beer : Strong beer, wheat beer and naturally cloudy Kellerpils are brewed in the domain. The Stuttgarter Hofbräu originated in 1591 in the former Franciscan monastery of Sankt Luzen in Hechingen.

Other cultural idiosyncrasies

As a result of the so-called Hechingen watering can trials at the end of the 19th century, small jewelry pendants in the form of a watering can became a symbol of resistance against authorities beyond the city limits of Hechingen.

Economy and Infrastructure

Industry and commerce

For a long time, Hechingen was a town shaped by agriculture. Industrialization only got going with the transition to Prussia and the resulting economic development. This included a reorganization of the traffic routes, such as the construction of Neustraße or the construction of the railway, which was largely due to the work of the then regional court president August Evelt. In the cylinder district , the city honored him with a street named after him.

Medical technology , the food industry and the construction industry are the main focuses in the field of industry and commerce . There are the in the northern city industrial park Etzental / Ettenbach and the industrial area Lotzenäcker . The 14.3 hectare Nasswasen industrial park is located at the Hechingen-Nord federal road exit . These form the Hechingen-Nord business park . In future, the regional focus of medical technology will be in the Hechingen-Nord industrial park . At the Hechingen-Mitte exit is the Walkenmühle industrial park , which includes several wholesale markets, a fast-food restaurant and two petrol stations. At the north-western entrance to the city, Rottenburger Strasse with Haigerlocher Strasse as an extension, further wholesale stores have opened. Stadtwerke Hechingen and a large number of the craftsmen have settled in the In den Seelenäckern industrial estate .

Many fashion retailers have settled in the City Park . The rest of the retail trade in Hechingen is concentrated in the old town with the Staig . Since the mid-1990s, however, there has also been a negative development in Hechingen, which was intensified by the geographical separation of the upper and lower town and the competition between these two competitive places. There was an increasing number of vacancies in Hechingen's old town. A countermovement has already been initiated through the clever reuse of large contaminated sites such as the Aviona-Heim or the Zollerpark. In addition, the action group Pro Innenstadt was founded, which merged in 2009 with the trade, trade and industry association to form the city marketing association. The plan is to re-green the Obertorplatz and to reorganize the traffic routes.

Established businesses

• Baxter International (formerly Gambro ), manufacturer of dialysis machines , is the city's largest employer. Other medical technology companies are Bentley, Cardio Bridge , Joka Kathetertechnik , Jotec , Joline , Maquet Cardiopulmonary AG (formerly Jostra) , Pegasus , Schober and Translumina . So that they can benefit from each other, the Medical Valley competence network was founded in 2002 at the instigation of the city of Hechingen .
• In 1989 Elco took over the Hechinger Klöckner Heiztechnik GmbH and set up the headquarters for brand and product responsibility in Hechingen.
• The Sternenbäck GmbH , a large bakery, has its headquarters and a production plant in Hechingen. The company has been owned by the Bumüller family for more than 230 years.
• The Josef Albus Fleisch + Wurst GmbH has since 1984 based in Hechingen and produces around 100 employees sausages.
• The Hohenzollerische Landesbahn AG (HzL), today the third largest regional railway company in Baden-Württemberg, was founded in Hechingen in 1899 and has its headquarters there. The depot is in Gammertingen .

Supply and disposal companies

The electricity, gas and water supply in Hechingen is guaranteed by Kreisbau Energie GmbH , Stadtwerke Hechingen , EnBW and Zweckverband Wasserversorgung-Hohenzollern . The drinking water is supplied partly by the Lake Constance water supply and partly by groundwater. Stadtwerke Hechingen, which consists of its own waste disposal and depot (building yard until 2005), has been active in the energy and water supply for over 150 years. The ZV Wasserversorgung-Hohenzollern is based in Hechingen and also has a sewage treatment plant here . There is a solar power plant in the Ettenbach industrial park , to the east of which is the communal landfill at Hinter Rieb . In the east of the city, the Zollernalbkreis operates the district garbage dump.

traffic

Road traffic

Hechingen is located on the highway 27, which has been developed like a motorway here . This connects the city to the north with the greater Stuttgart area and to the south with Rottweil and Schaffhausen in Switzerland . In Hechingen, the B 27 meets the federal road 32 , which runs from Hechingen through the Killertal to Sigmaringen, Ravensburg , into the Allgäu and to Lake Constance . The B 32 that ended here was originally supposed to continue from the Hechingen-Nord exit to Horb am Neckar , but only one required piece was built to Rangendingen and another in Horb. As the L 410, the road leads via Rangendingen and Haigerloch to the federal highway 463 , which is a direct feeder to the federal highway 81 .

Rail transport

history

Three railway lines meet in Hechingen . It all started with the Zollernalbbahn - on June 26, 1869, the section from Tübingen to Hechingen was completed (now also called Zollernalbbahn 1 ). The passenger station, the freight station and the post office were the first station buildings on the entire Zollernalb Railway. With the founding of the Hohenzollerische Landesbahn on March 18, 1901, what is now called the Zollernalbbahn 2 branch line via Burladingen to Sigmaringen was built. On December 24, 1912, the second branch line of the state railway via Haigerloch to Eyach with a connection to Rottenburg and Horb was put into operation, in the 1970s this line was temporarily closed for passenger traffic.

Train stations

The oldest railway station of the city, the DB - railway station , located in the northern city. The DB train station is connected to the state train station by a hairpin. A few years ago, another connection was created between the Sigmaringen railway line and the Zollernalb Railway because the hairpin required shunting trips. During the continuation of the construction of the Zollernalbbahn, the now closed Zollern station was built, which was intended for visits by the emperor and his visitors to Hohenzollern Castle. There are also now disused train stations in Stein and the unofficial district of Friedrichsstrasse. There is a regional train stop in the Schlatt district.

links

Hechingen is served by the Interregio-Express Stuttgart - Reutlingen - Tübingen - Hechingen - Balingen - Sigmaringen - Aulendorf every two hours at the DB station . For the hourly regular service to Stuttgart with a journey time of about 57 minutes, which is bindingly stipulated in the arbitration of Stuttgart 21 , apart from the electrification in the direction of Stuttgart, no major construction work is required. Regional trains from Hechingen DB run at least every hour on Zollernalbbahn 1 and Zollernalbbahn 2.

Tourist trains of the Hohenzollerische Landesbahn from coupled railcars from Tübingen via Hechingen to Engstingen (cars 3–4) on the regular train to Sigmaringen (cars 1–2), reach the Upper Danube Nature Park , where a timed offer is run on all routes. Since 2009, there have been running on all Sundays and public holidays in the summer half-year on the route in the direction of Horb to Eyach , the Zollernalbbahn 4 , local leisure trains (in the first few years historic MAN rail buses). This is currently the only public passenger transport on the romantic route along the Starzel, alongside the freight trains from the Stetten salt mine near Haigerloch to Bavaria.

Planning for the future connection to Stuttgart

The foundation of the Neckar-Alb regional light rail planned by the regional association would bring some changes. The plan provides for the reactivation and electrification of the Zollernalbbahn 4 with all adjacent train stations for passenger traffic, and the Zollernalbbahn 1 and the Zollernalbbahn 2 would also be electrified. For the Zollernalbbahn 2, a double-track expansion is planned on the entire route, which would be implemented up to the 2.8 km long ascent near Hechingen. The DB station would be rebuilt and rearranged along with the extensive track system. Two new train stations would be built in the Stetten district and in the southern part of the city.

In Germany, it is planned to expand the Tübingen train station to Stuttgart every half hour. This means that feeder trains to the Tübingen node will start in Hechingen every half hour.

Public transport

As early as 1900 there was a bus route from the train station to Obertorplatz. Hechingen city traffic has existed since 1972. On weekends there is a night bus to and from Balingen and Albstadt-Ebingen. The four local transport nodes in Hechingen are Martinsstrasse in the school district, Gymnasiumstrasse, the centrally located Obertorplatz and the train station, which also functions as the central bus station .

Both the Hohenzollerische Landesbahn and the Hechinger Verkehrsbetriebe have bus depots in the Ettenbach industrial park .

Line network

All lines can be used at uniform prices within the Neckar-Alb-Danube transport association (naldo), Hechingen is in honeycomb 332.

line	Important stations in the course	operator		line	Important stations in the course	operator
300	Stetten: Fa. Gambro - Hechingen Lotzenäcker - Bundesbahnhof - Obertorplatz - Gymnasium Heiligkreuzfriedhof - Boll - Stockoch - Schlossberg - Stadion - Zanger - Bundesbahnhof - Fa. Gambro	HVB		301	Obertorplatz - St. Elisabeth - Bundesbahnhof - Zanger - Obertorplatz - Boll - Heiligkreuzfriedhof - Stetten - Obertorplatz - Martinstraße - Schlossberg - Stockoch - District Hospital	HVB
302	Obertorplatz - Schützen - Stadion - Bundesbahnhof - Sigmaringer Straße - Obertorplatz - Martinstraße - Schlossberg - Stockoch - Obertorplatz - Fa. Gambro - Stetten - Heiligkreuzfriedhof - Boll	HVB		305	Lotzenäcker - Bundesbahnhof - Martinstrasse - Obertorplatz - Gymnasium - Wessingen - Zimmer - Thanheim - Bisingen	HVB
307	Bundesbahnhof - Fa. Gambro - Gymnasium - Obertorplatz - Martinstrasse - Schlossberg - Hospital - Weilheim - Grosselfingen - Bisingen	HVB		9	Obertorplatz - Martinstrasse - Bundesbahnhof - Schlatt - Beuren - Jungingen - Killer - Starzeln - Hausen iK - Burladingen - Gauselfingen - Neufra - Gammertingen	SWEG
10	Obertorplatz - Martinstraße - Bundesbahnhof (- Hospital) - Stadium - Stein - Rangendingen - Hirrlingen - Bietenhausen - Höfendorf - Hart - Trillfingen - Stetten bei Haigerloch - Haigerloch - Trillfingen - Bad Imnau - Eyach - Mühringen - Horb aN	SWEG		7614	Bundesbahnhof - Obertorplatz - Gymnasium - Wessingen - Zimmer - Bisingen - Engstlatt - Balingen - Frommern - Dürrwangen - Laufen - Lautlingen - Ebingen	RAB
7617	Obertorplatz - Martinstrasse - Bundesbahnhof - Stadion - Zanger - Sickingen - Bechtoldsweiler - Bodelshausen	RAB

media

In Hechingen there are the daily newspapers Hohenzollerische Zeitung and Schwarzwälder Bote , each with a local section. The regional television station RTF.1 can be received via cable .

Courts, authorities and institutions

In addition to the city administration, Hechingen is home to the following authorities and institutions or corporations under public law :

• Employment Agency Hechingen
• District office - branch office with forestry department and road construction administration
• Princely Hohenzollern Forestry Office
• JVA Hechingen (branch of the Rottweil correctional facility )
• Health Department Zollernalb
• Hohenzollerische Heimatbücherei
• Zollernalb youth welfare office (branch office)
• District court Hechingen (the district courts in Albstadt, Balingen, Hechingen and Sigmaringen are assigned to this)
• Notary's office Hechingen
• Hechingen Police Station (in part of the building of the former Hechingen District Office )
• Hechingen public prosecutor's office (in part of the building of the former Hechingen district office )
• Road maintenance depot Hechingen
• Traffic Police Technology (formerly: Traffic Police Inspection Tübingen)
• Transport Association Neckar-Alb-Danube (naldo)
• Vermessungsamt Zollernalb (branch office)
• Registration office for motor vehicles

Furthermore, the city is the seat of the Deanery Zollern within the Bodensee / Hohenzollern region of the Archdiocese of Freiburg .

Healthcare

The building of today's St. Elisabeth nursing home was once opened as a sulfur bath and was later a hospital for the city and district of Hechingen. There are also four senior housing complexes in Hechingen. Between 1961 and 1966 the Hechingen district clinic was built in the Feilbachtal. Due to the high level of acceptance among the population, a nursing school was added in 1968. By resolution of the district council, the department for gynecology and obstetrics was closed at the end of 2007 and relocated to the Albstadt hospital. The hospital reform was very controversial within the population of the Zollernalb district. Before a district council meeting, the then District Administrator Willi Fischer received 37,000 signatures against the early closure of the Hechingen district clinic. On January 1st, 2009 the financing by the Zollernalbklinikum GmbH was completely stopped. To maintain medical (emergency) care, the Förderverein Hohenzollernklinik e. V. founded. For a period of two years, parallel to the renovation of the Balingen hospital, parts of the internal medicine department will be housed in the hospital building. Regardless of this, there are two attending doctors, a dialysis center and district authorities in the administrative wing of the former district clinic. Medical care on the part of the district is provided by the hospitals in Balingen and Albstadt, and after a new central hospital has been built in Weilstetten, then from Weilstetten for the entire district.

education

Hechingen describes itself as a school town. The catchment area covers the entire central area. A large group of students from Balingen and the southern part of the Tübingen district (Mössingen, Hirrlingen, Bodelshausen) attended the vocational schools in Hechingen. With the Albert Schweitzer School, the city ​​maintains a special needs school and four primary schools (Hechingen, Zollernstraße, Sickingen and Stetten). Primary school students in the Beuren and Schlatt districts are taught in the neighboring community of Jungingen , those from Bechtoldsweiler in Sickingen, from Boll in Stetten, from Weilheim in Hechingen and from Stein in the neighboring community of Rangendingen . The secondary school students made of stone are also taught in Rangendingen. In addition, the city is the sponsor of the Hechingen auf der Lichtenau grammar school , the Realschulzentrum am Tobel and the Haupt- und Werkrealschule . The Zollernalbkreis is responsible for the district media center, the commercial schools in Hechingen with a high school for business and the district vocational school in Hechingen, since the school year 2009/2010 of the affiliated social science high school. The Hechingen Commercial School was part of the Hechingen Commercial School until 2003, which was then attached to the Albstadt and Balingen locations. The commercial school in Balingen was merged with the Hechingen location.

Before the main building of the secondary school was built in 1929, the secondary school was located in the old town in today's Schulstrasse; there was also the first Hechingen school, which gave way to a new building in 1816. During the Nazi regime , today's municipal adult education center was built on the site of the old riding school. The city library is also located in the same building. The Hohenzollerische Heimatbücherei is located on the upper floor of the vehicle registration office in Heiligkreuzstraße. The youth music school in Hechingen and the surrounding area is located in the completely renovated Spittel .

tourism

The city is framed by the mountains of the Swabian Alb and has a variety of natural features including medicinal springs. Hechingen has a rich selection of hiking trails that lead around Hechingen, through the Killertal , the Hechinger Forest or on the Alb. For mountain bikers there are tours with different levels of difficulty, mainly on meadow and forest trails. A particularly dense network of trails for both target groups is located east of the Schamental, on the way to the plateau of the Swabian Alb.

Personalities

Honorary citizen

• Heinrich Meyer von Crousaz , Hohenzollern chief forest master
• Count Rudolf von Stillfried (1804–1882), Prussian historian and civil servant
• August Evelt (1828–1904), district court president and Prussian politician
• Hermann von Graaf (1811-1891), District President of the Hohenzollern Lands
• Baron Wilhelm Frank von Fürstenwerth, Chief Bailiff Hechingen (1868–1877)
• Friedrich von Hohenzollern (1891–1965), head of the House of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (1927–1965)
• Carl Bauer, pastor
• August Pretzl († 1967), retired mayor D., publisher and printer owner
• Norbert Roth (* 1939), retired mayor D.

sons and daughters of the town

• Johann Georg von Hohenzollern-Hechingen (1577–1623), first prince of Hohenzollern-Hechingen
• Gabriel Dreer (around 1580–1631), painter and draftsman
• Daniel Bollius (1590–1642), composer
• Vain Friedrich II of Hohenzollern-Hechingen (1601–1661), second prince of Hohenzollern-Hechingen, imperial general
• Philipp Christoph Friedrich von Hohenzollern-Hechingen (1616–1671), third Prince of Hohenzollern-Hechingen
• Friedrich Wilhelm von Hohenzollern-Hechingen (1663–1735), fourth Prince of Hohenzollern-Hechingen, Austrian Lieutenant General Field Marshal
• Hermann Friedrich von Hohenzollern-Hechingen (1665–1733), Austrian field marshal
• Beda Werner (1673–1725), abbot of the Imperial Abbey of Ochsenhausen
• Franz Joseph von Stengel (1683–1759) Privy Councilor of the Palatinate, Knight of the Order of St. Hubert and founder of the von Stengel family
• Johann Georg Aichgasser (1701–1767), organ builder
• Philipp Joseph Strobel (1705–1769), professor of medicine
• Christoph Ludwig Kerner (1744–1799), Oberamtmann from Württemberg and father of Justinus Kerner
• Maria Antonia Anna von Hohenzollern-Hechingen (1760–1797), Princess of Hohenzollern-Hechingen, by marriage Princess of Fürstenberg-Fürstenberg
• Carl Bosch (1797–1883), doctor and member of the Hechingen State Deputation
• Wilhelm Seitz (1802–1872), landlord and member of the Hechingen State Deputation
• Guido von Usedom (1805–1884), Prussian diplomat
• Samuel Mayer (1807–1875), rabbi and lawyer
• Adolf Pfister (1810–1878), Catholic priest and church newspaper editor
• Johann Georg Baur (1820–1849), member of the Frankfurt National Assembly
• Joseph Baur (1828–1891), Mayor of the city of Wesel
• Karl Pfriemer , industrialist who emigrated to America. He was an extremely popular and successful pigeon fancier in the USA.
• Adolf Frank von Fürstenwerth (1833–1893), District President of the Hohenzollern Lands
• Nelson Morris (1839-1907), b. As Moritz Baisinger, he emigrated to America in 1854 and became a famous businessman. His son, Ira Nelson Morris (1875–1942) was a diplomat and writer.
• Samuel Ullman (1840–1924), businessman, poet and benefactor
• Simon Hayum (1867–1948), Tübingen lawyer and councilor
• Adolf Ott (1869–1926), priest and official
• Ansgar Pöllmann (1871–1933), Benedictine priest; became an honorary citizen of Hallenberg in 1927
• Walter F. Otto (1874–1958), classical philologist, researcher of religion and myths
• Elsa Einstein (1876–1936), cousin and second wife of Albert Einstein
• Paul Levi (1883–1930), politician and lawyer, co-founder of the KPD, member of the Reichstag
• Ernst Baur (1889–1966), writer
• Otto Nerz (1892–1949), Reich coach of the German national soccer team 1923–1936
• Eugen Baur (1894–1981), officer
• Konrad Ruff (1895–1946), painter
• Rudolf Wolf (1895–1942), typographer
• Hermann Ruff (1899–1983), painter
• Hans Speidel (1900–1984), born in Schlatt, district administrator in Hechingen
• Friedrich Kessler (1901–1998), professor at Yale Law School
• Maria Brück (1913–2013), artist
• Georg Braun (1918–1995), motorcycle racing driver
• Markus Wolf (1923–2006), Colonel General, Head of the Enlightenment Headquarters of the Ministry for State Security, Head of the GDR's Secret Service
• Konrad Wolf (1925–1982), film director
• Heinz Mohl (* 1931), architect
• Siegbert Alber (* 1936), politician (CDU)
• Horst Burkhardt (* 1938), motorcycle racing driver
• Erich Jooß (1946–2017), director of the Sankt Michaelsbund
• Uli Molsen (* 1947), professor at the Stuttgart University of Music and Performing Arts
• Doris Soffel (* 1948), chamber singer
• Joachim Grabowski (* 1958), psychologist
• Günter Neumann (* 1958), agricultural scientist
• Michael Saup (* 1961), visual artist, filmmaker and musician
• Philipp Welte (* 1962), journalist and manager
• Claudia Buckenmaier (* 1964), journalist
• Manfred Riegger (* 1967), theologian and university professor
• Martin Bader (* 1968), sports director and vice president of 1. FC Nürnberg; since October 2015 Managing Director Sport at Hannover 96
• Tanja Schwarz (* 1970), writer
• Martin Hess , member of the Bundestag for the AfD
• Gerhard Schick (* 1972), Member of the Bundestag for the Greens
• Martin Eisele (* 1976), magician
• Giovanni Zarrella (* 1978), pop singer
• Saralisa Volm (* 1985), actress

Personalities who have worked on site

• Jakob Meiland (1542–1577) was a 16th century composer. Meiland is one of the first German composers to have Venetian influences in the compositions. He was court organist in Hechingen in 1577 and died there that same year.
• Jakob Hassler (1569–1622), like his brother Hans Leo Haßler, was a composer and worked for several years at Count Eitelfriedrich's court.
• Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben (1730–1794) was court marshal of Prince Josef Friedrich Wilhelm for a decade from 1764 before he went to the USA and achieved fame there in the War of Independence. The city of New York later made him an honorary citizen.
• Karoline Kaulla (1739–1809), originally from Bad Buchau, was a court factor in Hechingen. She later moved to Stuttgart . She financed the war of the German Empire against Napoleon , supplied the imperial troops with supplies and, under the protection of their sovereign, the Duke and later King of Württemberg, founded the first credit bank for trade and industry in Stuttgart. She is buried in the Jewish cemetery in Hechingen am Galgenberg.
• Joseph Sprißler (1795–1879) worked for a long time in Hechingen as a Catholic pastor and member of the Frankfurt National Assembly. He is buried in the Heiligkreuz cemetery in Hechingen next to his companion Josef Blumenstetter .
• Leopold Schott (1807–1869), studied here at the yeshiva for four years .
• Friedrich von Zeppelin (1807–1886), served as a princely court and government councilor in Hechingen.
• Joseph Menter (1808–1856) was a member of the last princely court orchestra of Hohenzollern-Hechingen from 1829–1834
• Berthold Auerbach (1812–1882), attended the Talmud School in Hechingen from 1825–1827
• Michael Lehmann (1827–1903), a writer, composer, organ player and educator from Langenenslingen , a great-great-uncle of Cardinal Karl Lehmann , worked in Hechingen until his death and wrote a piece of music history there as director of the collegiate church choir.
• Camillo Brandhuber (1860–1931), pastor and member of the Prussian state parliament , lived in Hechingen between 1906 and 1917.
• Wilhelm von Prussia (1882–1951), the last Crown Prince of the German Reich, lived in Hechingen between 1945 and his death in 1951.
• Karl Widmaier (1886–1931), writer, visual artist and composer, taught from 1918 to 1931 at the Staatliche Realreformgymnasium Hechingen . The carnival figures of the Butzen and the Pestmännles were created in connection with his game of fools in the city of Hechingen (1927); his Zollerlied (1929) is still sung today.
• Friedrich Wolf (1888–1953), doctor and writer of the Jewish faith, lived and worked with his family in Hechingen for several years. His two sons Markus and Konrad were born there.
• Erwin Bowien (1899-1972), painter and author. He dedicated a chapter in his autobiography to Hechingen.
• Karl Hummel (1902–1987) founded the scientific institute for natural science and Christian education at Lindich Castle in 1947, headed it until 1976 and lived in the city during this time.
• Rudolf Bilfinger (1903–1996), administrative lawyer, spent the last years of his life in Hechingen.
• Wolfgang Abendroth (1906–1985), later one of the most important Marxist scholars in the Federal Republic, professor of politics in Marburg, worked in 1930/31 as a court trainee in Hechingen.
• Erwin Schopper (1909–2009) took over the management of a high-voltage laboratory in Hechingen in 1952, at that time a branch of the Max Planck Institute for the Physics of the Stratosphere .
• Erich Fischer (1910–1969), the physicist involved in the uranium project , lived in Hechingen from 1943, like almost the entire staff of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physics, and stayed there until 1951.
• Hans-Jörg Mauser (1927–2012), CDU politician and former CEO of BaKoLa , lived with his wife in Hechingen. During his tenure as District Administrator of Hechingen, the district clinic and vocational schools were established in Hechingen.
• Reinhard Kleinmann (1933–2009), was the television editor-in-chief of Südwestfunk , grew up in Hechingen and spent his old age there.
• Klaus Kinkel (1936–2019), who later became the German Foreign Minister , grew up in Hechingen and obtained his Abitur at the State Gymnasium. He narrowly lost the Hechingen mayoral election in 1967.
• Bernd Wiedmann (1942–2009), CDU politician, grew up in Hechingen, graduated from high school there and was a member of the local council between 1971 and 1973.
• Christof Stählin (1942–2015), writer , songwriter and cabaret artist , lived in Hechingen from 1991–2015.
• Hartmut Kilger (* 1943), former President of the German Lawyers 'Association , lived here between 1972 and 1999 and headed the Hechingen Lawyers' Association for nine years.
• Hannes Stöhr (* 1970), a film director and screenwriter, grew up in Hechingen and graduated from high school there.

literature

• Casimir Bumiller: Jews in Hechingen. History of a Jewish community in nine portrayals of five centuries . Initiative Hechinger Synagoge eV, Hechingen 1991.
• Ludwig Egler: Chronicle of the city of Hechingen. Volume I. Self-published, Hechingen 1909/1980
• City of Hechingen (Hrsg.): 1200 years of Hechingen: Contributions to the history, art and culture of the city of Hechingen . City of Hechingen, Hechingen 1997.
• Friedrich Hossfeld, Hans Vogel: The art monuments of Hohenzollern, first volume: Hechingen district . Holzinger, Hechingen 1939, p. 150 ff.
• District Office Zollernalbkreis (ed.) / Andreas Zekorn, Birgit Margens-Schöne (author): Blue-white-red: life under the tricolor: the districts of Balingen and Hechingen in the post-war period 1945 to 1949 . District Office Zollernalbkreis, Balingen 1999, ISBN 3-927249-13-0 .
• Waldemar Luckscheiter, Manfred Stützle: The rescue of the old synagogue in Hechingen . Old Synagogue Association, Hechingen 2009, ISBN 978-3-00-027745-0 .
• Karl Mors: Hechingen and Zoller castles in old views: a journey into the past of a city . Thorbecke, Sigmaringen 1982.
• Uwe A. Oster: Hechingen and Hohenzollern Castle in old views. Sutton Verlag, Erfurt 2006, ISBN 3-86680-048-7 .
• Gerd Schollian: Life in the Roman manor Hechingen-Stein. Discovery story . Glückler, Hechingen 1998.
• Adolf Vees: Hechinger Homesickness: Encounters with Jews . Silberburg-Verlag, Tübingen 1997, ISBN 3-87407-256-8 .
• Walter Jens: A Jew from Hechingen. Requiem for Paul Levi . Radius books, Stuttgart 1992, ISBN 3-87173-851-4 .
• Manuel Werner: The Jews in Hechingen as a religious community . In: Journal for Hohenzollern History. 107: 20: 103-213 (1984) and 108: 21 (1985) 49-169.
• Otto Werner: Biographical Notes . Hechingen 2004. (only available in the Hechingen city archive, without publisher)
• Otto Werner: Deportation and extermination of Hohenzollern Jews . Old Synagogue Hechingen, Hechingen 2011, ISBN 978-3-00-036707-6 .
• Otto Werner: Jewish Hechingen: Invitation to a tour . Media and Dialog, Schubert, Haigerloch 2000, ISBN 3-933231-13-2 .
• Otto Werner: Synagogues and Jewish cemetery in Hechingen . Old Synagogue Hechingen, Hechingen 1996, ISBN 3-00-029768-5 .

Web links

Commons : Hechingen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Wikivoyage: Hechingen  - travel guide

Wikisource: Hechingen in the Topographia Sueviae (Mathäus Merian)  - sources and full texts

• Internet presence of the city of Hechingen
• Commercial film about the city
• Judaica in Hechingen
• Historical pictures
• Entries about Hechingen in historical encyclopedias at zeno.org

Individual evidence

1. ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
2. ↑ ( page no longer available , search in web archives: rvna.de )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
3. ↑ zeno.org
4. ^ The state of Baden-Württemberg. Official description by district and municipality. Volume VII: Tübingen administrative region. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1978, ISBN 3-17-004807-4 , pp. 222-228.
5. ↑ klimadiagramme.de mean values ​​for the period 1961 to 1990
6. ↑ klimadiagramme.de
7. ↑ wetter.msn.com
8. ↑ gea.de ( Memento of the original from September 26, 2005 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
9. ↑ ( page no longer available , search in web archives: schwarzwaelder-bote.de )
10. ↑ This view that such place names on -ingen are derived from the names of Alemannic clan leaders is controversial. Compare the place name Neuching from a linguistic point of view
11. ↑ Max Miller , Gerhard Taddey (ed.): Handbook of the historical sites of Germany . Volume 6: Baden-Württemberg (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 276). 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 1980, ISBN 3-520-27602-X , p. 297.
12. ↑ ^{a b} Casimir Bumiller: Jews in Hechingen. History of a Jewish community in nine portrayals of five centuries. Documentation catalog in the Old Synagogue Hechingen, Hechingen 1991, p. 13.
13. ↑ ^{a b c d} History of the community in: Synagoge Hechingen , accessed on October 9, 2012.
14. ↑ ^{a b} Otto Werner: Jewish Hechingen. Haigerloch 2000, p. 3.
15. ↑ Otto Werner: The Jewish community in Hechingen until 1933. In: City of Hechingen (Hrsg.): 1200 years of Hechingen, contributions to the history, art and culture of the city of Hechingen. Hechingen 1987, p. 178.
16. ↑ Max Miller, Gerhard Taddey (ed.): Handbook of the historical sites of Germany. Volume 6: Baden-Württemberg (= Kröner's pocket edition. Volume 276). 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 1980, ISBN 3-520-27602-X , p. 298.
17. ↑ Otto Werner: Old Synagogue Hechingen. Haigerloch 2007, p. 9.
18. ↑ Manuel Werner: The Jews in Hechingen as a religious community . In: Zeitschrift für Hohenzollerische Geschichte 107, Volume 20 (1984) p. 138 f.
19. ↑ Manuel Werner: The Jews in Hechingen as a religious community . In: Zeitschrift für Hohenzollerische Geschichte 107, Volume 20, (1984) p. 129.
20. ↑ ^{a b} History of the synagogue in: Synagoge Hechingen , accessed on October 9, 2012.
21. ↑ Manuel Werner: The Jews in Hechingen as a religious community . In: Journal for Hohenzollerische Geschichte 107, Volume 20 (1984) pp. 142–147.
22. ^ Gotthard Deutsch, Siegmund Salfeld:  Hohenzollern. In: Isidore Singer (Ed.): Jewish Encyclopedia . Funk and Wagnalls, New York 1901-1906.
23. ↑ Quoted from: Manuel Werner: The Jews in Hechingen as a religious community . In: Zeitschrift für Hohenzollerische Geschichte 107, Volume 21 (1985), p. 152.
24. ↑ Otto Werner: Synagogues and Jewish cemetery in Hechingen. Hechingen 1996, pp. 192-203.
25. ↑ Cf. Otto Werner: Deportation and extermination of Hohenzollern Jews. Hechingen 2011, p. 128f.
26. ^ Jokob Toury: Jewish textile entrepreneurs in Baden-Württemberg . 1984, p. 154ff.
27. ↑ IBM corporate history
28. ^ ^{A b} Per F. Dahl: Heavy Water and the Wartime Race for Nuclear Energy , CRC Press, Berlin 1999, pp. 252-256.
29. ^ Dieter Hoffmann: Operation Epsilon. The Farm Hall Protocols or The Allies' Fear of the German Atomic Bomb . Rowohlt, Berlin 1993, p. 153.
30. ↑ verfassungen.de
31. ↑ landkreistag-bw.de (PDF; 421 kB)
32. ↑ Devastating floods - three people drown in a storm inferno in the Killertal . In: Spiegel Online .
33. ↑ ( page no longer available , search in web archives: 3 women drown in flash flood in southwestern Germany )
34. ↑ Antonia Lezerkoss: Church: Liturgy of the old Prussian way . Südwest Presse Online , February 3, 2017, accessed on February 18, 2018.
    Dagmar Stuhrmann: Church: Exhibition “Evangelical in Hohenzollern” stops in Ebingen . Südwest Presse Online, January 26, 2017, accessed on February 18, 2018.
    Hechingen: A farewell full of sadness . Schwarzwälder Bote , February 13, 2013, accessed on February 18, 2018.
35. ↑ Muslim community invites you to their Suleymaniye mosque, in: Südwest-Presse Hechingen from April 30, 2012.
36. ↑ City of Hechingen, results of municipal council elections 2019 and State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg, municipal council elections 2019, city of Hechingen , accessed on September 2, 2019
37. ^ Journal of Hohenzollern History, Volume 12/99, JG 1976.
38. ↑ ^{a b c} The European City. City of Hechingen, accessed January 12, 2015 . 
39. ↑ Memorial sites for the victims of National Socialism. A documentation, Volume I, Bonn 1995, ISBN 3-89331-208-0 , p. 43.
40. ↑ Synagogenstrasse memorial site in www.synagogehechingen.jimdo.com
41. ↑ hechingen4you.de
42. ^ Karate Hechingen
43. ↑ bioregio-stern.de ( Memento from August 15, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
44. ↑ medical-valley-hechingen.de
45. ↑ Petra Strauss, Steven Pfisterer, Günther Koch, Johannes Meister: Benefit-Cost-Investigation-Electrification Zollernalbbahn . Zollernalbbahn May 2011. Ed .: Zollernalbkreis. Balingen, S. 14 .
46. ↑ The district is trying to get the Talgangbahn , Schwarzwälder Bote from October 17, 2013
47. ↑ Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure (Ed.): Target timetable Deutschlandtakt . Presentation of selected results Third expert draft June 2020 Actors conference July 15, 2020. Berlin 2020, p. 154 .
48. ↑ www.hechingen.de
49. ↑ Hardy Krommer: Mourning on the Zollernalb: Willi Fischer is dead . In: Hohenzollerischer Zeitung , November 10, 2008.
50. ↑ History of the commercial and industrial school ( Memento from February 15, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 38 kB)
51. ↑ www.catholic.org
52. ^ Chronicle of the city of Hechingen. Vol. 1. 1980, p. 337 Z 25ff
53. ↑ jewishvirtuallibrary.org
54. ↑ Chronicle of the City of Hechingen, Volume I, self-published, Hechingen 1909/1980, p. 337 Z 25ff
55. ↑ Erwin Bowien: The beautiful game between spirit and world. My painter life. Ed .: Bettina Heinen-Ayech and Freundskreis Erwin Bowien eV U-Form Verlag, Solingen 1995, ISBN 3-88234-101-7 , p. 36 .