Oberamt (Hohenzollern)
The Hohenzollern Oberämter or Obervogteiämter were administrative districts in the south of today's state of Baden-Württemberg . The upper offices belonged to the principalities of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen and Hohenzollern-Hechingen from 1806 to 1850, and then to Prussia as authorities of the Hohenzollern region .
Organization and structure of the senior offices
The higher offices were the links between municipalities or the population and the upper government organs. The offices had a wide range of tasks in the first half of the 19th century. They are only partially comparable with today's district offices and districts . The districts of these higher offices changed quickly. Initially, they were often very small units, in some cases only encompassing three or six localities . In the course of regional reforms , these small units were gradually tied together to form larger ones to streamline the administration.
Administration and jurisdiction were not separate at the beginning of the 19th century, a division of tasks between court court , government , office, cities and rural communities only gradually emerged after 1806.
Staff of the higher offices
The staff of the upper offices, including the board of directors, were appointed by the prince or the registrar. An example is the Oberamt Wald , whose staff in 1844 consisted of the Oberamtmann , the actuary , the diurnist and the clerk who also held the function of prison guard.
Senior offices
Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen
The Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of 1803 and the admission to the Rhine Confederation in 1806 brought Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen sovereignty and a considerable gain of territory. In addition to the Teutonic rulers of Achberg and Hohenfels , the principality also gained control of the Habsthal , Beuron , Inzigkofen and Wald monasteries .
Despite these changes, the inner, small-scale structures of the principality were initially retained. From then on there were the Oberämter or Obervogteiämter Achberg , Beuron , Gammertingen , Hettingen , Hohenfels , Jungnau , Ostrach , Sigmaringen , Straßberg , Trochtelfingen and Wald . It was not until 1814 that this small-scale division began to break up into larger units. In addition, the two higher offices of the "Unterland" belonged to it. These were the Oberamt Haigerloch - which arose from Hohenzollern-Haigerloch , which had belonged to Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen since 1767 - and the Oberamt Glatt .
Hohenzollern-Hechingen
The principality of Hohenzollern-Hechingen consisted of the Oberamt Hechingen alone .
Hohenzollern Lands
The ten upper offices of Achberg, Gammertingen, Glatt, Haigerloch, Hechingen, Ostrach, Sigmaringen, Straßberg, Trochtelfingen and Wald that remained after the reforms were retained after the transition to Prussia in 1850 and were only combined later.
The Oberamt Glatt was merged with the Oberamt Haigerloch in 1854, while Straßberg came to Gammertingen and Achberg to Sigmaringen. In 1861 Trochtelfingen fell to Gammertingen and Wald to Sigmaringen, and in 1862 Ostrach also to Sigmaringen. The official and regional order of 1873 finally decreed the formation of the four upper offices Sigmaringen, Gammertingen, Hechingen and Haigerloch.
In the end, there were four higher offices, the Hechingen and Haigerloch offices became the Hechingen district in 1925 (three municipalities of the Gammertingen office, which was formerly part of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, were also incorporated), and the Gammertingen and Sigmaringen offices became the Sigmaringen district .
literature
- Historical Atlas of Baden-Württemberg, Map VII, 4–5, administrative structure in Baden, Württemberg and Hohenzollern , with an epithet. Stuttgart 1976.
- Wald community (ed.): 800 years of forest . Meßkirch 2008, ISBN 978-3-00-023978-6 .