Tailfingen
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Tailfingen
City of Albstadt
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| Height : | 778 m |
| Area : | 15.24 km² |
| Residents : | 11,473 (Jun 30, 2020) |
| Population density : | 753 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | 1st January 1975 |
| Postal code : | 72461 |
| Area code : | 07432 |
 Location map of Tailfingen in the city of Albstadt
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 Staufenbühl and Nank with Hochberg
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Tailfingen is the second largest district of Albstadt in the Zollernalbkreis in Baden-Württemberg on the Swabian Alb .
geography
Geographical location
Tailfingen is located on the Swabian Alb, partly in a narrow valley called "Talgang", partly on the slopes or plateaus of the Swabian Alb, about 80 km south of Stuttgart and about 70 km north of Lake Constance in the Schmiecha valley , a left Tributary of the Danube . North adjoining district is Onstmettingen , the south is Truchtelfingen west Pfeffingen .
Tailfinger Mountains
Hochberg Tailfingen
Braunhardsberg Tailfingen
Tailfingen Castle Mountain
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Tailfingen is framed by three large mountains. The highest at 975 m is the so-called Hochberg , also called the castle . It is in the north of Tailfingen. To the east, at 937 m, is the Schlossberg , on which a castle stood in the Middle Ages. To the west lies the Braunhardsberg at 969 m . Between Hochberg and Schlossberg is the flat Nank / Lammerberg and then the Staufenbühl , on which there is now a transmission mast.
history
Tailfingen was founded by the legendary Alemannic clan chief Tagolf sometime after 260, probably in the 5th or 6th century. In the story by Carl Metzger: Tagolf. Tale from Tailfingen's prehistoric times , this clan chief was given a literary memorial. Better known, however, is the novel by the former city archivist Peter Thaddäus Lang from 1994. In 793, Tailfingen was first mentioned in a St. Gallen document as Dagolfinga . In 1113 Tailfingen ("Tagolfingen") was mentioned together with Ebingen in a donation from Waldeck Walchos to the St. Blasien monastery . In 1403 the place came from the rule of Schalksburg to the Duchy of Württemberg , when Count Mülli von Zoller sold the Schalksburg together with Tailfingen to Württemberg and was assigned to the office in Balingen . On the Schlossberg near Tailfingen there are still small remains of Tailfingen Castle (popularly known as "Castle") from the 11th to 12th centuries and 3,000 meters northeast of Tailfingen also small remains of the hamlet castle .
In 1534 the Reformation was introduced in the Duchy of Württemberg ; since then Tailfingen has been Protestant. The Reformation in Thailfingen (earlier spelling) took place under Ambrosius Blarer . A Tailfinger church was mentioned as early as 1275. In 1462 it appears as the Church of St. Peter . Its beginnings, however, are likely to go back to the 8th or 9th century. Today's Protestant St. Peter's Church was not built until 1777. The tower of the Peterskirche was originally a defensive tower and is much older, namely around 1000 years. It is one of the oldest monuments in the district. Another church, the Pauluskirche, was built in 1907. In 1953 the Church of the Redeemer followed. A parish hall was built in the Stiegel residential area in 1965. Not to forget the Methodist Johanneskirche from 1924 (rebuilt in 1964). An Evangelical Methodist congregation already existed in Tailfingen in 1874. Due to industrialization, Catholic workers began to move in at this time, primarily from the Hohenzollern region and later from Upper Swabia. Therefore a (very small) Catholic church was built in 1903 (St. Bonifatius), which was demolished in 1935 after the much larger St. Elisabeth Church was built in 1934. The enormous influx of (mostly Catholic) displaced persons after the Second World War finally made it necessary to build another Catholic church (St. Francis) in 1969.
The Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) left great devastation, the community could not afford its own pastor until 1660 and went to church in neighboring Truchtelfingen .
In 1744 the place had 512 inhabitants, but it was able to increase significantly by 1820 (1449 inhabitants). Due to the barren soil, agriculture no longer offered enough income and stocking knitting became a secondary occupation. This also formed the basis for industrialization . At the time of the Kingdom of Württemberg , Tailfingen began to rise to become a center of the jersey industry .
In 1853 the first circular knitting machines for contract work were installed by Ebinger and Hechinger companies. In 1870 the Tailfinger started to become independent and expanded, so that in 1914 1800 round chairs could be found in the village. Thus the population rose explosively (1871: 2193 inhabitants, 1910: 5412 inhabitants). In 1871 Tailfingen was elevated to a market town .
In 1901 the Talgangbahn was put into operation and the transport volume increased considerably. At that time, the famous "Schellamatheis", a steam locomotive that was replaced by a railcar in 1956, drove. Tailfingen lost more and more of its village appearance and was elevated to a town in 1930. In 1934, under pressure from the National Socialists, the neighboring community of Truchtelfingen was incorporated. In the same year Tailfingen came to the district from the Oberamt Balingen and in 1938 to the district of Balingen .
Towards the end of the Second World War , leading German nuclear scientists under the direction of Otto Hahn were staying in Tailfingen. On April 25, 1945, Hahn was captured by an American commando.
As a result of the economic boom in the 1950s, Tailfingen continued to grow (1972: 17,278 inhabitants, Truchtelfingen is included) and in 1971 it received the Tailfingen Progymnasium . A middle school had existed since 1918.
On January 1, 1975, Tailfingen became part of the newly founded large district town of Albstadt as part of the community reform .
On September 3, 1978, the site was the epicenter of a 5.7 magnitude earthquake . Although numerous buildings were damaged and costs ran into millions of D-Marks, no people were seriously injured. Hohenzollern Castle, a few kilometers to the north, was badly damaged.
In the last few years the companies based in Tailfingen had to struggle with the structural crisis in the textile industry. Because of this, many moved their production abroad or filed for bankruptcy. In 1998 the valley lift was shut down.
Population development
| year | Residents |
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| 1603 | 477 |
| 1654 | 239 |
| 1744 | 512 |
| 1807 | 1,199 |
| 1820 | 1,449 |
| 1871 | 2,193 |
| 1875 | 2,316 |
| 1900 | 4,898 |
| 1910 | 5,412 |
| June 16, 1925 | 6,552 |
| 1930 | 7,725 |
| June 16, 1933 | 10,013 |
| May 17, 1939 | 10,991 |
| 1946 | 10,202 |
| September 13, 1950 | 12,696 |
| 1954 | 14,073 |
| January 1, 1956 | 14,680 |
| September 25, 1956 | 14,489 |
| 1959 | 15,185 |
| June 6, 1961 | 15,459 |
| December 31, 1965 | 16,223 |
| May 27, 1970 | 17,278 |
| December 31, 1970 | 17.161 |
| 1971 | 17,340 |
| 1st January 1974 | 16,968 |
| June 30, 1975 | 13,122 |
| December 31, 1980 | 12.134 |
| December 31, 1985 | 11,571 |
| December 31, 1990 | 12,800 |
| December 31, 1995 | 12,675 |
| December 31, 2000 | 12,127 |
| December 31, 2005 | 11,989 |
| December 31, 2010 | 11,388 |
| December 31, 2015 | 11,172 |
From 1939 to 1974 Truchtelfingen was included.
politics
mayor
coat of arms
Blazon : In a shield split by blue and silver, under a lying five-ended stag pole in confused colors, a silver spool in front of a pole, behind an upright black bear with a silver collar.
Explanation: The spool refers to the local textile industry, to which the place owes its importance. Tailfingen originally belonged to the Zollern, from 1403 to Württemberg. The black bear is reminiscent of the St. Gallen Abbey , to which Truchtelfingen belonged. When Tailfingen was raised to town, Truchtelfingen was incorporated into it. The union of the coats of arms is therefore to be seen as a concession to the Truchelfinger in the incorporation.
Culture and sights
Carnival
With the onset of industrialization, the population increased by leaps and bounds, so that Catholics also gained a foothold in Tailfingen. You were equal children in the Kingdom of Württemberg. It is therefore not surprising that Carnival traditions were maintained around 1900. On Shrovetide, young people have been masking themselves since ancient times, going into the houses and frightening the children. Carnival cakes are baked everywhere . Today the carnival is organized by associations.
Mesh Museum
Albstadt's largest museum is the Maschenmuseum . It has existed since 1996 and describes the history of regional textile production, both with the machines and with the products.
Buildings
Churches
- The striking tower of the Protestant St. Peter's Church has existed for around a thousand years, making it the oldest building in Tailfingen. As you can see inside the tower, it was originally a defense tower. There you can see that there was an access several meters above the surface of the earth that could only be reached via a ladder. This tower is not directly connected to the actual church building.
- Since this spatially rather limited place of worship was soon no longer sufficient for the population, which increased explosively during industrialization, the much more spacious Pauluskirche was built in 1907 at the opposite end of the old town center, which has strong echoes of Art Nouveau.
- In 1933/34 the Catholic St. Elisabeth Church was built, an extremely simple and Bauhaus style church, the only decorative elements of which are the angels on the tower and the glass windows in the choir (designed by church painter August Blepp ).
- In 1952/53 the Erlöserkirche was built on Langenwand as the third Protestant church in Tailfingen.
- In 1965 a Protestant parish hall was built on the Stiegel, in which services are also celebrated.
- In 1969 the Catholic Franziskuskirche was consecrated on Langenwand.
- The grave of J. Hakenmüller is located in the cemetery .
Tailfinger natural pool
Tailfinger natural pool out of season. In the foreground: the regeneration pond
Tailfinger natural pool during the season
Tailfinger natural pool, the pools with diving rocks
Tailfinger natural pool, the pools with the jetty
The Tailfinger natural pool was created by converting the former Tailfinger outdoor pool. In November 1932 the town council of Tailfingen decided to build an outdoor swimming pool in the upper meadows, in the direction of Onstmettingen. The inauguration took place on August 6, 1933. After the old outdoor pool fell into disrepair over the years, it was converted into a natural pool. The inauguration took place in 2002. The new swimming pool has a water surface of 1800 m². The maximum depth in the area of the jumping rock is 4.10 meters. The water quality of the natural pool is very good, the water is clean and clear and is in no way inferior to that of a conventional swimming pool with chlorinated water. On the contrary: the fact that there are no chemicals at all means that the water is very well tolerated by small children and the elderly. The water is biologically cleaned. For this purpose, a separate regeneration pond was created in parallel. Here there is a constant exchange with the bathing water. In this way, clean and soft water is created. The self-cleaning process is structured like nature. The leisure facility is also designed to be very gentle and close to nature. Only local stones, wood and gravel were used. The natural pool is managed.
Secular buildings
There are a large number of Art Nouveau factories in Tailfingen, which is due to the comparatively late start of industrialization in Tailfingen. Mention should be made: Conzelmann zur Rose, Balthas Blickle's widow (built 1909) and Conrad Maier zum Ochsen. In Tailfingen there is also a very nice example of industrial architecture in the Bauhaus style, the Ludwig Haasis jersey factory (built in 1931).
Tailfinger Brünnle
Hochbergbrünnle
Heiligs Brünnle on Braunhardsberg
Staufenbühl-Brünnle
Nankbrünnle
Tailfingen always had problems with the water supply , these problems are now solved by the Lake Constance water supply . An important element were not only the wells in the village, but also the free ones. There were five wells, in the Heutal, in Gießen (Pfeffinger Strasse, where the Pauluskirche stands today), in the Hinteren Gasse (Adlerstrasse), in Kemmen (Ludwigstrasse) and in the Wasen. There were also four pump wells, at the old church, in Hechingerstraße near the Gasthaus Rößle and at the Hechinger-Goethestraße intersection and behind Straß (Neuweilerstraße at the Gasthaus Schlößle ). A private well was in the parish garden, the Kindlesbrunnen . Some sources have partially dried up today. The Brünnle shown above, the Hochberg-, Staufenbühl-, Nank- and Heilige-Brünnle are the captured Brünnle. But there were also Brünnle that had dried up in the meantime, for example on the Schloßfelsen and on the crushing plant. Originally the Weilertal-Brunnen, which belonged to the Weiler-Burg, also belonged to the Tailfinger water supply. However, this source had been sold to the municipality of Bitz.
Schmauselhöhle
To get to the Schmauselhöhle, you take the path from Neuweiler to the forest training hut. At the hut, continue along the path that ends in the "Alten Kohlweg". The path slopes down slightly and then rises again. Shortly before the path reaches the lowest point, you will see a sign on the right “Alter Oberer Kohl”. Here it goes right up the forest. From there you can see the fencing of the entrance to the Schmauselhöhle, which was put up by the foresters. With heavy vegetation in summer, you may have to go back and forth to find the entrance.
Schmauselhöhle exterior view
Entrance to the Schmauselhöhle
Direct access to the Schmausel cave
Former, unsecured entrance to the Schmauselhöhle
More detailed description of the cave: at Neuweiler, in front of the ridge of the 946 m high Storren , in the Katzwang area on the forest path from Neuweiler to Heirich ( Hausen im Killertal ) after around 1.5 km, slightly above the path, the Schmausel cave . The cave slopes down vertically and was not secured for a long time. In the meantime, signs and a fence have been put up around the cave. It is named after its discoverer, a Tailfinger citizen named Bolay, called the Schäferjergle (Johann Jakob Boley, 1798–1888). He was nicknamed Schmau'sele and was a field and forest rifleman. The access to the cave is clearly visible today, but buried.
Sports
There is a ski lift in Tailfingen am Schlossberg. This is operated by the Tailfingen winter sports club ( WSV Tailfingen ) and has a floodlight system. The runs are 500 and 850 meters long. This is also where the West Alb's first FIS race track is located . There is also a club bar and a fun park. Since June 2009, a bike park with 900 and 1000 meter long downhill trails has been in operation during the summer months . The WSV Tailfingen has been providing teams and individual riders at the ski races in the Swabian Ski Association for years. The most famous driver was Karl-Rainer Schneider, who died in an accident in 1972. He was a successful participant in Swabian and German ski championships, e.g. B. 1970 he became Swabian champion in the alpine three-man combination. In artificial cycling , the Tailfinger athletes regularly compete in major international championships, and world championships have been won over and over again for decades ( Manfred Maute , Dieter Maute , Martin Rominger , Anja Scheu ).
education
The Lammerberg school center in Tailfingen combines the Tailfingen Progymnasium and the Lammerberg Realschule. There is also the Langenwand elementary school and the Lutherschule, a primary school, in the district.
Personalities
sons and daughters of the town
- Katharina Ruopp (born in Tailfingen; executed by cremation in Rottweil in 1588); On April 15, 2015, the city council of Rottweil passed a resolution on the socio-ethical and moral rehabilitation of the victims of the witch trials.
- Johannes Hakenmüller (1857–1917), entrepreneur and pioneer in the textile industry
- Ernst Bizer (1904–1975), Protestant theologian; from 1934 second parish priest in Tailfingen
- Christian Eschler (1904–1965), jersey manufacturer in the canton of Appenzell Ausserrhoden
- Karl Gonser (1914–1991), local politician, Lord Mayor of Nürtingen
- Hans Conzelmann (1915–1989), Protestant theologian and New Testament scientist
- Gregor Dorfmeister (1929–2018), known under the pseudonym Manfred Gregor, journalist and writer
- Manfred Maute (* 1939), artistic cyclist and trainer
- Hans-Martin Haller (* 1949), politician (SPD), member of the state parliament (2001-2016)
- Jürgen Gneveckow (* 1952), 1999–2015 Lord Mayor of Albstadt
- Achim Conzelmann (* 1959), sports scientist
- Marcel Beyer (* 1965), writer, Büchner Prize winner
- Dieter Maute (* 1967), artistic cyclist and trainer
Personalities who have worked in the place
- Otto Hahn (1879–1968), discoverer of nuclear fission and Nobel Prize winner; lived and worked in Tailfingen from June 24, 1944 to April 25, 1945
literature
- Karl Bergmann: The tricot industry in Tailfingen / Württemberg . Tailfingen 1947.
- Hermann Bizer: The field names of Tailfingen . Tailfingen 1940.
- Hermann Bizer: Tailfinger Heimatbuch . Tailfingen 1953. Unchanged new edition 1987
- Andreas Conzelmann: Becoming and growing the Tailfinger community . Tailfingen 1922. Extended edition Tailfingen 1971
- Friedrich Konzelmann: The Conzelmann clan . Tailfingen 1940. New ed. v. Walter Conzelmann, Tailfingen 1987.
- Peter Thaddäus Lang / Wilhelm Conzelmann: Tailfingen the jersey city . Albstadt 1990.
- Peter Thaddäus Lang: Tailfingen: The economic boom . Photo book, Sutton-Verlag 2009.
- Samuel Maute: Tailfinger Heimatbüchlein . Tailfingen 1938.
- Heinrich Weidle: Back then in the valley. A look back in pictures . Tailfingen 1985.
- Wintersportverein Tailfingen, Hans Maier, Wilhelm Conzelmann: 50 years of Wintersportverein Tailfingen e. V. 1924-1974 . Tailfingen 1974.
- Dieter and Gudrun Kopf born Weisser: Dr. Hans Weisser, doctor and original . Radolfszell 1996.
- Carl Metzger: Tagolf. Tale from Tailfingen's prehistory . Self-published by the author, without giving the year.
- Peter Thaddäus Lang: Tagolf the settlers . Tubingen 1994.
- Peter Thaddäus Lang: The Hunt for the Holy Staff . Tubingen 1998.
- Becoming and growing the Tailfinger community by Andreas Conzelmann, second expanded edition 1971
- Fritz Hipp Stories and Poems , 1965 Hermann Daniel, Balingen
- Volker Lässing: Nobody takes the devil! - Otto Hahn and the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Chemistry in Tailfingen. With a foreword by Dietrich Hahn . CM-Verlag, Albstadt 2010. ISBN 978-3-939219-00-2 .
- Armin Kusterer illustrated book "Tailfingen Then and Now" 1st edition August 2018. 2nd extended edition November 2018. Glückler Printing and Graphics, Hechingen
Web links
- District information on the website of the city of Albstadt
- Sales deed of the Schalksburg lordship dated November 3, 1403 on Wikisource
Individual evidence
- ↑ Max Miller , Gerhard Taddey (ed.): Handbook of the historical sites of Germany . Volume 6: Baden-Württemberg (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 276). 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 1980, ISBN 3-520-27602-X , p. 785.
- ^ Johann Wilhelm Braun (edit.): Document book of the monastery Sankt Blasien in the Black Forest. From the beginning to the year 1299. Part I: Edition; Part II: Introduction, directories, registers, Stuttgart 2003, ISBN 3-17-017985-3 . (= Publications of the Commission for Historical Regional Studies in Baden-Württemberg: Series A, Sources; Volume 23), Certificate No. 95
- ^ Sales deed of the Schalksburg lordship dated November 3, 1403 on Wikisource
- ↑ regiostadtbahnalbstadt.de ( Memento of the original from October 14, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. .
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 540 .
- ↑ Federal Statistical Office: Landkreis Balingen, Die Stadt- und Landkreise Baden-Württemberg in words and numbers Issue 63 , page 29 (pdf)
- ↑ Zeeh teachers: Questionnaire folklore tradition . State Office for Württ. Folklore, Laufen December 1900.
- ↑ : Fasnet . In: Schwarzwälder Bote , February 27, 2017.
- ^ Dennis Knappe: Winter Sports. The region's ski lifts start operating . In: Schwäbische Zeitung from November 28, 2008
- ↑ Ski areas in our region . In: Schwäbische Zeitung from December 4, 2010
- ↑ NRWZ Verlag ( Memento of the original from May 25, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
Burgfelden | Ebingen | Running | Lautlingen | Margrethausen | Onstmettingen | Pfeffingen | Tailfingen | Truchtelfingen