Lautlingen

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Lautlingen
City of Albstadt
Former community coat of arms of Lautlingen
Coordinates: 48 ° 12 ′ 55 "  N , 8 ° 57 ′ 42"  E
Height : 680 m above sea level NN
Area : 13.97 km²
Residents : 1762  (Jun 30, 2020)
Population density : 126 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : May 1, 1972
Incorporated into: Ebingen
Postal code : 72459
Area code : 07431
map
Location map of Lautlingen in the city of Albstadt
Lautlingen
Lautlingen

Lautlingen is a district of Albstadt in the Zollernalbkreis in Baden-Württemberg . It is located on the Swabian Alb, about halfway between Stuttgart and Lake Constance .

geography

Lautlingen is located in the scenic Eyachtal , nestled between Heersberg , Ochsenberg, Autenwang, Tierberg and Gräbelesberg .

history

The district is located on the old Roman road Sulz - Laiz , which ran right through the town. The Roman fort Lautlingen was located above today's core town , directly on the watershed between the Danube and the Rhine. The settlement was probably founded by Lutilo, an Alemannic clan leader.

Lautlingen was first mentioned in a document from the St. Gallen monastery as Lutilinga in 793 . Christianity found its way here early on , a gold leaf cross and an Alemannic cemetery in the Berken hallway bear witness to this.

In the Middle Ages , the Lords of Tierberg united the towns of Margrethausen and Lautlingen into one rule in the knightly canton of Neckar-Black Forest . As local lords they were successors, possibly even descendants of the lords of Luttelingen. From 1550 the place belonged to the lords of Westerstetten and Drackenstein . These too had inherited the local rule by marriage. The family, which also resided in Straßberg Castle , later became extinct in the male line, so in 1625 the taverns of Stauffenberg , counts since 1874, inherited the small knighthood. Famous family members include Marquard Sebastian Schenk von Stauffenberg (1686–1693 Prince-Bishop of Bamberg), Johann Franz Schenk von Stauffenberg (1704–1740 Bishop of Konstanz) and Franz Schenk von Stauffenberg (1871–1892 member of the Reichstag).

In 1805 the place fell to Württemberg through the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss . From then on, Lautlingen was subordinate to the Oberamt Balingen and thus belonged to the newly established Kingdom of Württemberg in 1806 and from 1919 to the people's state of the same name . In 1811 the two localities of Margrethausen and Lautlingen were finally separated by royal decree and separate local administrations were introduced. Lautlingen came to the district in 1934 and to the district of Balingen in 1938 . On May 1, 1972 Lautlingen was incorporated into Ebingen.

History of the castle

West facade of the parish church

On the Tierberg near Lautlingen are the remains of Altentierberg Castle, ancestral seat of the Tierbergers, and on a rock near the Tierberg farm there is a moat from Vogelfels Castle .

According to historical records, the Lords of Tierberg are said to have built or expanded a castle in the center of the village in the 15th century. This was already provided with corner towers and moats. According to estimates based on the structure of the towers and walls, this part of the ensemble has been preserved in the original to this day. When Hans Konrad von Tierberg was enfeoffed with the blood spell of Emperor Maximilian I (HRR) on August 27, 1518, the following quote appears: "... that he (Hans Konrad von Tierberg) at Lautlingen Castle ... has no high court." The Kaiser allows him the spell "to judge the blood there."

Between 1623 and 1625, i.e. at the time when the Lords of Westerstetten owned Lautlingen, shortly before it was taken over by the Stauffenbergers, the fortified castle with walls, moat and four corner towers was converted into a residence. The main building was rebuilt in the years 1842–1846 by the Excellency Franz Ludwig Schenk von Stauffenberg. In its place there was previously a half-timbered building, the ground floor of which was made of stone. There was a representative stair tower on the south side. The sober main building from 1842 with its hipped roof still characterizes the ensemble, which is a listed building.

The Lautlinger Schloss has been well preserved in its general structure despite many modifications. The walls consist of 60 - 80 cm thick quarry stone walls, which are provided with plaster. Inside there are massive, completely plastered half-timbered walls and wooden beam ceilings. The building measures 12.58 m in width and 21.91 m in length. Up to the eaves it is 11.57 m high, the total height is 16.37 m. The interior of the main building houses the internationally known music history collection Jehle . These premises were extensively renovated in 2005/06 and reopened on February 18, 2006 by Agriculture Minister Peter Hauk . On the first floor, the Stauffenberg room reminds of the previous owners. Since November 15, 2007, a Stauffenberg exhibition has been housed in the former premises of the local office, which was opened on the 100th birthday of Claus Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg . The theme of July 20, 1944 and the family history form the focus of the memorial.

Commemoration 2005

In the summer of 1943, resistance fighters Berthold and Claus Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg thought about what Germany might look like after an attack on Hitler - this is how the “Lautlinger Guidelines” came about. After the assassination attempt on July 20, 1944 , the officers involved were killed by the Nazi thugs that same night . Every year since 1957, on July 20th, a memorial service for the resistance fighters against National Socialism has been held in front of the memorial chapel by the church. At the same time (since 2000) pupils from Albstadt schools have been commemorating the attack with project work.

Stauffenberg Memorial Chapel

History of the parish

In 1275 the church and parish of St. Johann Baptist with Pastor Heinrich von Tieringen were first mentioned in a tax register of the Bishop of Constance. After the unrest of the Thirty Years War , the parish church, which burned down, was rebuilt in 1670 by the local lord Wolfgang Friedrich Schenk von Stauffenberg and his wife Anna Barbara nee von Wernau . In 1725, the couple's sons expanded the little church and at the same time had the baroque tower that is still preserved today built. After the severe earthquake on November 16, 1911, the church had to be demolished. The new parish church, the first sacred reinforced concrete building in the Diocese of Rottenburg, was built from donations and a lottery . The tower could be preserved.

Ignaz Anton Demeter was pastor from 1802 to 1808 in the church, which was built in 1670 . He was elected second Archbishop of Freiburg on May 1, 1836. In addition to many achievements in the school system, he founded a theater company and, on May 7, 1803, the current Frohsinn band as a "music society".

Mining

Mining for iron ore was carried out in the area. The ore concretions are almost completely free of sulfur and phosphorus. In addition to the opencast mine to a depth of 30 meters, mining routes were also excavated. The sprouts pointed at the bottom were bought in Truchtelfingen, for example, and installed by Lautlinger miners on the Hörnle. Fidel Eppler from Lautlingen was supported as an ore supervisor . Independent miners mined at their own risk and were paid based on the amount of ore. In Lautlingen, an iron content of 30 percent was measured in the iron rye stone. Before the railway was built, over 1000 buckets of Bohner ore and iron rye stone, each weighing 120 kg, were transported to the iron and steel works in Ludwigstal near Tuttlingen .

Population development

year 1961 1970 1971 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014
Residents 1429 2021 2192 1998 1988 1833 1771 1808

politics

mayor

Mayor

  • 1972–1988: Max Müller
  • 1989–1994: Christian Schairer
  • 1994–2009: Josef-Peter Koller
  • 2009–2018: Juliane Gärtner
  • since 2018: Heiko Peter Melle

coat of arms

Lautlingen coat of arms
 Blazon : "In blue on a green three-mountain, a golden doe looking to the left."
Reasons for the coat of arms: The coat of arms refers to the Lords of Tierberg , the local lords in the late Middle Ages and early modern times. The same coat of arms as that of the Lords of Tierberg was used for the local coat of arms. However, the symbols are reversed. The Dreiberg represents the mountains Ochsenberg, Heersberg and Tierberg, on which the castles of the Tierberger stood. The hind stands for the Tierberger (Lautlingen = hind, Hossingen = deer calf, Margrethausen deer). The coat of arms was awarded to the municipality in 1930 and officially confirmed in 1949.

Culture and sights

Museums

  • In the sewing machine museum in the company building of the Mey company, the Albrecht Mey collection is shown today, which consists of sewing machines from the beginning of their invention to modern times.
  • The Jehle Music History Collection in Stauffenberg Castle includes string, wind and keyboard instruments from different times and cultural areas. Over 30 keyboard instruments, as well as wood, brass and string instruments as well as other types of instruments are represented here, including a harpsichord from the late 17th century, a fortepiano by J. A. Stein (1783) and a representative cabinet wing from the last quarter of the 18th century. The collection also includes hymn and chant books, including first editions and music manuscripts, printed music, music textbooks, manuscripts and letters. Founded before the Second World War as a private collection by Martin Friedrich Jehle , it also contains the estate of Johannes Jehle . The collection has been owned by the city of Albstadt since the mid-1970s.
  • On November 15, 2007, on the occasion of the 100th birthday of Count Claus Schenk von Stauffenberg, a Stauffenberg memorial was inaugurated in the Stauffenberg Castle.

Buildings

  • Catholic parish church of St. Johannes Baptista: The earthquake of 1911 damaged the Lautlingen church of St. John the Baptist so badly that it had to be demolished. In the new building from 1913, a reinforced concrete structure was used for the first time in the Diocese of Rottenburg. The baroque tower from 1725 has been preserved. Next to the church is the Stauffenberg Memorial Chapel, which was initially built for the Lautlingers who fell in the wars. In 1957 a thorough renovation took place. The main innovation since then has been that the brothers Berthold Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg and Claus Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg were placed at the center of the memorial, the names of the fallen and missing from the two world wars also found their way into the red sandstone slabs of the wall cladding Space. Since then, the artistic design of the chapel has been shaped by a sculpture by the sculptor Gerhard Marcks, which depicts the risen Christ.
Stauffenberg Castle
  • Stauffenberg Castle: A few steps away from the church is the ensemble of Stauffenberg Castle. The three-storey main building dates back to 1846, today it is unadorned (there used to be a walled-in coat of arms on the north side) and rather functional. The floor plan and the architecture are reminiscent of Italian-influenced architects, with the staircase on the south side, the former living rooms and the main entrance on the cooler north side. What is remarkable, however, is the surrounding area with its enclosing wall, fortified corner towers and farm buildings. The surrounding wall and corner towers date from the late Middle Ages. From the farm buildings, the forester's house, formerly the fruit box, exudes a very special charm. The Stauffenberg brothers spent a large part of their childhood and youth here, including Claus Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg. In 1970 the Stauffenberg family sold the castle to the then still independent community of Lautlingen; today it is owned by the city of Albstadt.
  • Gasthaus Krone: To the west of the castle is the richly decorated inn, one of the most beautiful half-timbered houses in the Zollernalb district, visible from afar . It dates from 1697. A “smoke wall” allowed the count's servants to heat the stove without entering the “mansion's room”. The construction of a representative restaurant and transformer station for the carters at the foot of the Meßstetter Valley and the European watershed was a condition for the counting of the Stauffenberg family.

Former castles

Hiking and biking trails

Lautlingen has an extensive network of hiking trails that is looked after by the local department of the Swabian Alb Association . The Hossinger ladder has been certified as a premium hiking trail. Private Mountain hunters of the Enziandivision quartered in Meßstetten and Tailfingen built narrow paths on the eaves around Lautlingen in 1940/41 to accustom the pack animals to the altitude. A 1.7 kilometer long train of pack animals was on the move every day with loaded guns. In order to offer half-day tourists an attractive destination, hiking trails were signposted and advertised based on these paths. In the Zollernalbkreis and the Obere Donau Nature Park , there is a synchronized offer in rail transport on all routes on weekends . Railcars operated by the Hohenzollerische Landesbahn run here on Sundays and public holidays in order to make the local recreation area more attractive for tourism via Lautlinger Bahnhof.

Sports

A 400-meter-long floodlit lift is available in Lautlingen for winter sports.

Economy and Infrastructure

Today the place is a modern part of the city of Albstadt with commercial areas and many leisure activities (hiking, adventure bathing, sport and entertainment).

traffic

The Zollernalbbahn , which runs from Tübingen via Hechingen , Balingen , Albstadt and Sigmaringen to Aulendorf, runs through Lautlingen . A new electrified crossing station will be required in Lautlingen for the hourly regular service to Stuttgart with a journey time of around 90 minutes, which was stipulated in the settlement of Stuttgart 21 . The required double-track entry of the Zollernalbbahn into the new line to S21 will be realized. An integral clock traffic requires large-scale considerations. Already in 1994, the timetable expert Mayer from the VCD district association Zollernalb suggested to the then district administrator of the Zollernalb district, Willi Fischer , that the planned crossing station Lautlingen / Hirnau / Badcap leisure pool should be generously dimensioned. Driveability tests are currently being carried out by DB Engineering for two million euros. The government of the state of Baden-Württemberg put the electrified regional light rail project on the rails in 2014, divided into sections.

A footpath, the Hossinger Ladder , leads from the train station to the Alb plateau to Hossingen , the last part over ladders through a rock gorge ( 48 ° 11 ′ 38.71 ″  N , 8 ° 55 ′ 43.95 ″  E ). The shortest connection to Oberdigisheim and Hossingen used to be used daily by numerous rail commuters. Today the Hossinger ladder is a popular hiking trail. The path and its history can be called up under an acoustic cloud at the Hossingen local history museum in a listening station.

Smugglers' trails

In the area there is evidence that until 1835 goods were smuggled for traders across the customs border guarded by country hunters. The starting point and warehouse for nightly smuggling and theft are said to have been caves. In 1698 almost a ton of steel ingots was smuggled. In 1750 the donkey miller bought 130 bushels of spelled from Meßstetten and Hossingen from the Winterlinger Bannmühle and had them smuggled across the border into Switzerland. Since 1000 bushels were also bought and smuggled from Hechingen, there was a shortage of grain. Coffee smuggler Haux was hit by a bullet from the Meßstetter Landjäger in the Pfaffental on July 21, 1831 and died. The author Gerd Stiefel also describes smuggling in the novel Via Bologna . The starting point of the historical thriller is an actual murder in the winter of 1843. The perpetrator Jakob Egle used a path to escape from Lautlinger district to the Messstetter Smuggler's Cave ( 48 ° 11 ′ 18.68 ″  N , 8 ° 57 ′ 46.23 ″  O ) and fled across Europe. Smugglers also supplied evangelical believers in the underground with Bibles and evangelical writings. To minimize the risk of a discovery, the front pages have been removed.

Established businesses

Personalities

Honorary citizen

  • Alfred Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg (1860–1936), Oberhofmarschall at the court of the King of Württemberg, lived permanently in Lautlingen since the November Revolution 1918, father of the resistance fighters Berthold and Claus von Stauffenberg (appointed 1929)
  • Caroline Schenk Countess von Stauffenberg b. Üxküll-Gyllenband (1875–1956), "mother of the village", mother of resistance fighters Berthold and Claus von Stauffenberg (appointed in 1955)

sons and daughters of the town

Personalities who have worked on site

literature

  • Heiko Peter Melle u. a .: Looking back on history. 1200 years of Lautlingen. Lautlingen 1993.
  • Heiko Peter Melle: Lautlingen Castle and the Lautlingen local lords. Lautlingen 2012.
  • Albert Pfeffer: The church building in Lautlingen, OA. Balingen. In: Archives for Christian Art. Organ of the Rottenburg Diocesan Art Association . 32nd year 1914, pp. 33-34, 44-48, 57-59 ( digitized version ).

Web links

Commons : Lautlingen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Lautlingen  - in the description of the Oberamt Balingen from 1880

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 525 .
  2. ↑ Sigrid Hirbodian, Andreas Schmauder and Manfred Waßner (ed.): Community in transition . Volume 19 A city in transition The history of Messstetten in time. No. 19 . Tübingen 2019, p. 24 .
  3. ^ Hermann Bitzer: Tailfinger Heimatbuch 1954 . Ed .: Hermann Bitzer Student Councilor Rosenfeld † 1964. S. 35 .
  4. ↑ inventory E 244 Bu 98auf Landesarchiv-BW.de
  5. ↑ Friedrich von Alberti: The mountains of the Kingdom of Württemberg, with special reference to halurgy . JG Cotta'sche Buchhandlung 1826, Stuttgart and Tübingen, p. 126 .
  6. ↑ Holding A411 Bü77 on Landesarchiv-BW.de
  7. ↑ Federal Statistical Office: Landkreis Balingen, Die Stadt- und Landkreise Baden-Württemberg in words and numbers Issue 63 , page 29 (pdf)
  8. ↑ Krone living room
  9. ↑ crown roots
  10. ↑ Muliweg
  11. ↑ Schwäbischer Albverein Hossingen: Official Gazette of the city of Meßstetten 58th year / no. 8 . Hossingen. Ed .: City of Meßstetten. Meßstetten February 22, 2019, p. 20 .
  12. ↑ Traufweg to Gräblesberg expanded in 1940/41
  13. ↑ Jens Ebert: 60 years ago: Establishment of the 4th Enzian Mountain Division in the Balingenl Albstadt area . Heimatkundliche Blätter November 30, 2001. Ed .: Heimatkundliche Vereinigung. Balingen.
  14. ↑ Petra Strauss, Steven Pfisterer, Günther Koch, Johannes Meister: Benefit-Cost-Investigation-Electrification Zollernalbbahn . Zollernalbbahn May 2011. Ed .: Zollernalbkreis. Balingen, S. 14 .
  15. ↑ S21 expansion
  16. ^ D-Bonn: Research and development services and related advice . Document 2013 / S 078-131485 of April 20, 2013 in the supplement to the Electronic Official Journal of the European Union .
  17. ↑ : DB Engineering . In: Schwarzwälder Bote , November 14, 2016.
  18. ↑ Green light for regional light rail - coalition leaders in the state clear the way for the financing ( memento of the original from August 9, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.zak.de archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . In: Zollern-Alb-Kurier of May 9, 2014.
  19. ↑ Christof Holbein: People tell . In: Black Forest Messenger . Meßstetten, September 26, 2017.
  20. ^ Walter Stettner: Ebingen - The history of a city in Württemberg . Ed .: Jan Thorbecke Sigmaringen. 1986, p. 95 .
  21. ^ Walter Stettner: Ebingen - The history of a city in Württemberg . Ed .: Jan Thorbecke Sigmaringen. 1986, p. 147 .
  22. ↑ The murderer
  23. ^ Gerd Stiefel: Via Bologna. Gmeiner-Verlag, Meßkirch, 2018, ISBN 978-3-8392-2205-8
  24. ^ Via Bologna
  25. ↑ Martin Kugele: Bible smugglers once supplied the Protestants in Austria-Hope + Act . Hoffenundhandeln, Steinen 2018, p. 9 .