Johann Friedrich Schenk von Stauffenberg

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Coat of arms of the Schenk von Stauffenberg
Coat of arms of the Schenk von Stauffenberg (based on Siebmacher's coat of arms book from 1605)

Johann Friedrich Schenk Freiherr von Stauffenberg (born May 30, 1660 in Lautlingen , † April 29, 1720 in Wilflingen ) was field marshal-lieutenant of the imperial troops of the Swabian district, Knights of St. John and commander of several commander of the Order of St. John.

Life and career

Johann Friedrich Schenk von Stauffenberg was born on May 30, 1660 in Lautlingen as the son of Wolf Friedrich Schenk von Stauffenberg († 1676) and his wife Anna Barbara von Werdnau († 1681). He had four older brothers (Johann Wilhelm, Johann Werner, Albrecht, Johann Franz) and an older sister (Maria Margaretha); another sister (Jacobäa Barbara) had died as a child. The two youngest sons Johann Franz and Johann Friedrich were minors when their father died. Baron Franz Wilhelm von Stain and Hans Georg von Werdnau were appointed as their guardians. After the mother's death (1681), the eldest brother Johann Wilhelm took over the management of the parents' property. He first had to give his four brothers 300 guilders a year and use the remaining surplus to repay debt. While the three older brothers remained secular, Johann Franz joined the cathedral donors in Augsburg, Constance and Würzburg. Johann Friedrich was accepted into the Order of St. John in Malta on April 20, 1683 by Karl Philipp von Freitag, Commander of the Coming Villingen and Schwäbisch Hall and Affaltrach.

On January 31, 1694, Baron Johann Georg von Werdnau, imperial knighthood director of the cantons of Neckar and Black Forest, died without heirs. He was the uncle of Johann Friedrich Schenk von Stauffenberg and his four brothers, a brother of their mother. The extensive estates were now divided between the daughters of his late brother and the four sons and the daughter of his sister Anna Barbara. The two brothers of the clergy, the Prince-Bishop of Konstanz at that time Johann Franz and the Knight of St. John Johann Friedrich, were only to receive the usufruct of their inheritance, which should revert to the majorate line after their death.

It was not until 1698 that the paternal and maternal estates of the Stauffenbergs were divided up. The two youngest sons Johann Franz and Johann Friedrich jointly received the Wilflingen estate with Egelfingen and accessories, while the older brothers shared the other goods. In the same year, the Stauffenberg taverns of the Lautlinger and Amerdinger lineages were given the status of imperial barons. In the diploma of Emperor Leopold I from January 20, 1698, Johann Friedrich, Knight of St. John, Commander of Basel and Rheinfelden, General-Wachtmeister and Colonel about a regiment on horseback of the Swabian District was particularly emphasized. The next elder brother, Johann Franz , was elected Prince-Bishop of Constance on July 21, 1704. In 1714 he was first coadjutor of the sick Bishop of Augsburg and in 1737 Bishop of Augsburg.

The Knight of St. John Johann Friedrich Schenk von Stauffenberg received in 1683 the prospect of a vacant coming. In 1686 he was initially awarded a pension of 70 scuti or 125 thalers in gold Maltese currency from the Kommende Tobel by the local commander Baron Karl Philipp von Freytag and his successors. On April 23, 1687 he was awarded the command of Basel and Rheinfelden . In 1700, Grand Master Ramon Perellos y Roccaful awarded him the better-endowed Coming Hemmendorf and Rexingen , but had to hand over the Coming Basel and Rheinfelden. Johann Friedrich was Knighthood Councilor in the canton of Neckar and Black Forest of the Swabian Empire and took over a military command post in 1684/85. He took part in two campaigns in Hungary. In 1698 he was involved in the conquest of Belgrade as sergeant-general and colonel of a regiment on horseback; he was badly wounded in the fighting. In 1702 he was promoted to Lieutenant General Field Marshal of the Swabian District. In the battle of Friedlingen on October 14, 1702 he was seriously wounded again. On September 20, 1703 he suffered a heavy defeat with the imperial troops in the battle of Höchstädt . In 1714, Grand Master Ramon Perellos y Roccaful appointed him General Receptor of the Order of St. John in Upper Germany. The then Seneschal of the Order of St. John (and governor of the Grand Master) Ramon Despuig was later elected Grand Master himself and on February 25, 1718 awarded him the commanding position (and Herford ), which had become vacant due to the death of the previous commander Count Johann Sigismund von Schaesberg . But he had to hand over the upcoming Hemmendorf (and Rexingen). The coming situation was again more profitable and in 1719 yielded a pension of 5847 guilders. However, he did not reside in the area, but left it to the administrator there in return for a pension of 5200 guilders. He died on April 29, 1720 in his castle in Wilflingen.

According to his will, "his unfortunate campaigns" put him in great debt. After his death, it was found that the liabilities actually exceeded the assets. Nevertheless, his three surviving brothers (Johann Wilhelm, Albrecht and Johann Franz) took over the inheritance and settled the debts. His half at Wilflingen has now been divided by three. In 1721 Johann Wilhelm gave his sixth for 6000 guilders, Johann Albrecht his sixth for 7000 guilders, to her brother Johann Franz, the prince-bishop of Augsburg, who now owned Wilflingen entirely. The share in the Riississen rule that had belonged to Johann Friedrich was also divided between his brothers and the sons of his deceased brother.

literature

  • Friedrich Schenk Freiherr von Stauffenberg, Franz Schenk Freiherr von Stauffenberg: The taverns of Stauffenberg, historical news of this sex compiled according to documents. Printed by E. Mühlthaler, Munich, 1876 Online at Google Books (abbreviated below, Schenk von Stauffenberg, Die Schenken with corresponding page number)
  • Gerd Wunder: The Knight of Malta Johann Friedrich Schenk von Stauffenberg. Journal for Württemberg State History, 36: 335–338, 1979

Individual evidence

  1. Schenk von Stauffenberg, Die Schenken, p. 112. Online at Google Books
  2. Schenk von Stauffenberg, Die Schenken, p. 126. Online at Google Books
  3. Schenk von Stauffenberg, Die Schenken, p. 116. Online at Google Books
  4. ^ State Archives Sigmaringen Dep. 38 T 1 No. 1518: Brother Don Raymund Despuig, Bailli of the Order of the Hospital of St. John in Jerusalem on the Black Sea, Governor and Seneschal of the venerable Lord and Brother Raymund de Perello, Grand Master of this Order and of the Order of the Holy Sepulcher, and the The gentlemen of this convent certify that Johann Friedrich Schenk von Stauffenberg, who has distinguished himself as Komtur von Hemmendorf, will be given a vacant position due to the death of the previous Komtur, Count Johann Sigismund von Schaesberg. 1718 February 25 (The XXVa mensis Februararii)
  5. Schenk von Stauffenberg, Die Schenken, p. 164. Online at Google Books
  6. Schenk von Stauffenberg, Die Schenken, p. 178. Online at Google Books