Baxter International

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Baxter International Inc.

logo
legal form Incorporated
ISIN US0718131099
founding 1931
Seat Deerfield , Illinois , United StatesUnited StatesUnited States 
management José E. Almeida (CEO)
Number of employees 48,000 (as of 12/2016)
sales $ 10.2 billion (2016)
Branch Pharmaceutical company , medical technology
Website www.baxter.com
As of May 5, 2017

Baxter International is a US company with global operations in the pharmaceutical and medical technology sectors .

Characteristics

In 2012, Baxter had 50,800 employees in around 100 countries with around 50 production sites, 950 of whom were in Germany. The largest locations in Europe are in Vienna and Orth an der Donau , where 3800 people are employed. Baxter stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange.

Baxter had sales of $ 16.6 billion worldwide in 2014. This corresponds to a growth of 2 percent compared to the previous year. The American market accounted for USD 6 billion of this, while the international business generated turnover of USD 8.2 billion. Almost 60 percent of sales are generated outside of the United States. In the Europe, Middle East and Africa (EMEA) region, the company generated sales of USD 4.2 billion last year and employed around 15,000 people there. The EMEA region accounts for around 30 percent of Baxter's total sales, making it the most important market outside of the United States. Their flagship product, Advate, a factor VIII -Präparat for the treatment of hemophilia A .

In 2012, Baxter spent approximately $ 1.2 billion on research and development, about 20 percent more than the previous year. Baxter conducts research on vaccines , hemotherapeutics, the development of stem cell therapy and the treatment of Alzheimer's disease .

In 1997, Baxter International acquired Immuno AG , a company that manufactures vaccines and fibrin in Austria, in several stages. At that time, the acquired company employed around 3,500 people and generated 4.4 billion Austrian schillings (320 million euros).

Today, Baxter Austria is the largest single Baxter site outside of the United States and Baxter BioScience's premier research location worldwide.

structure

This article or section needs revision: The BioScience division was spun off as Baxalta on July 1, 2015 .
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Baxter International is divided into two business areas: BioScience and Medical Products . BioScience had 2011 sales of US $ 6.1 billion in the treatment of hemophilia and other bleeding disorders, immunodeficiencies, intraoperative wound care, and the development of vaccines that prevent life-threatening diseases.

The Medical Products division generated sales of US $ 7.8 billion in 2011. and develops pharmaceuticals and delivery systems for anesthesia, infusion therapy, oncology and pain therapy as well as for medical products and preparations for dialysis. The focus is on peritoneal dialysis - a type of dialysis that can be performed at home.

In March 2014, it was announced that Baxter would similarly found two separate healthcare companies (roughly comparable to the Abbott / AbbVie split on January 1, 2013). On April 30, 2015, the Baxter company split into two independent global companies Healthcare companies split into Baxter and Baxalta . Baxter will continue to focus on the manufacture and sale of nutritional therapy, oncology, drug delivery, premixed and injectable drugs, inhalation anesthetics, and intraoperative wound care and tissue management products. Baxter will also continue to offer a portfolio of products and services for patients with acute and chronic kidney failure.

history

The company was founded in 1931 by Don Baxter and initially dealt with the production and sale of infusion solutions. It thus supplied the American armed forces, which had an increased need for appropriate material during World War II. It was able to expand, take over other companies and operate internationally in the 1950s. The development of an artificial kidney by Willem Kolff , who emigrated from the Netherlands to the USA in 1950, gave the company a boost. The "Twin Coil" dialyzer developed by Kolff was the first commercially available device of its kind. In 1961, Baxter went public and subsequently became involved in the construction of oxygenators for the heart-lung machine and the production of coagulation factors. In 1975 the company moved to its current headquarters in Deerfield. Baxter was also involved in the development of automated autotransfusion with a cell separator. Baxter continued to expand internationally and acquired other biotechnology companies .

Baxter product innovations
1931 Company formation
1931 First commercially produced IV solutions
1939 First sterile vacuum container for taking blood
1941 First container for plasma separation and storage
1956 First industrially manufactured artificial kidney
1959 First flexible plastic blood collection bag
1968 First industrially manufactured factor VIII concentrate
1971 First plastic bag for infusion solutions
1974 First ready-to-use infusion solutions marketed
1977 First therapy for patients with haemophilia who have developed antibodies against coagulation factor VIII or IX
1978 First ambulatory peritoneal dialysis system
1979 First automatic blood cell separator
1982 First heat-treated factor VIII concentrate
1988 First factor VIII concentrate to be highly purified with monoclonal antibodies
1991 First needleless system for intravenous therapies
1992 Production of the first recombinant coagulation factor VIII
1997 First three-chamber bag for parenteral nutrition
2003 First factor VIII concentrate made without human or animal plasma proteins
2005 First albumin in a flexible plastic container
2007 First needleless infusion adapter with antimicrobial coating
2009 Approval of the first cell culture-based H1N1 - influenza vaccine
2011 First three-chamber bag for parenteral nutrition in neonatology

Locations

Austria

This article or section needs revision: BioScience has been outsourced
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Until the separation of the company on April 30, 2015, Austria was the largest location of Baxter International Inc. outside the USA with 4,000 employees and - with branches in Vienna and Orth an der Donau - the most important research location of the Baxter BioScience division worldwide. Approx. 900 scientists from home and abroad worked here to research new active ingredients and to further develop drugs that are already on the market. The BioScience division focuses on the development and production of biotechnological and biopharmaceutical therapeutics. 90 percent of the pharmaceuticals developed and manufactured in Austria are exported. Baxter is divided into three operating companies in Austria: Baxter AG, Baxter Innovations GmbH and Baxter Healthcare GmbH.

The Baxter AG is the production of plasmatic and recombinant (i.e., biotechnologically produced proteins) drugs and the preparation of vaccines of the division BioScience concerned. It operates seven plasma centers in several Austrian federal states and is responsible for the acquisition and production of blood plasma for the manufacture of essential medicines. The company's largest European plasma fractionation is located in Vienna. Baxter AG employs around 3000 people (as of Dec. 2011).

The company's research and development activities in Austria are bundled in Baxter Innovations GmbH in Vienna and Orth an der Donau . Two thirds of Baxter's research activities - for example research into new vaccines, new therapeutic proteins, stem cell therapies or substances for wound and bone healing - take place in Austria. More than 75 percent of the scientists working for Baxter BioScience are based in Austria. Around 900 researchers from Germany and abroad are working here on new active ingredients and the further development of drugs that are already on the market. One of Baxter's research focuses in Austria is on blood clotting disorders, particularly hemophilia. In Vienna, for example, the world's first factor VIII concentrate, approved in 2003, was developed without the use of human or animal components. BioSurgery’s research team is currently working on combining fibrin adhesion with growth factors to aid wound healing. Another focus is on the field of virology. The world's first TBE vaccine (to prevent meningitis after a tick bite) came onto the market as early as 1976 . Baxter is also a key player in fighting pandemics around the world. In Austria, the serum and plasma protein-free Verozell technology was developed for the rapid production of pandemic vaccines.

The Baxter Healthcare GmbH is responsible for the distribution of Baxter products of both divisions (BioScience and Medical Products) in Austria.

Germany

The company's first branch was founded in Germany in 1960. In addition to the headquarters in Unterschleißheim near Munich, Baxter is based in Germany with three production facilities in Halle / Westphalia and Bielefeld , Hechingen and a central warehouse in Höchstadt an der Aisch . The company employs around 950 people in sales, marketing and production. The company is divided into two operating companies in Germany: Baxter Deutschland GmbH and Baxter Oncology GmbH. Following the takeover of Gambro in 2012, Baxter now employs around 1400 people in Germany at the Hechingen plant.

Baxter Oncology has two production sites in Germany (Halle / Westphalia and Bielefeld ). This division develops, produces and sells products worldwide that are used in the treatment of cancer patients. The preparations are of particular importance in the treatment of breast and colon cancer as well as non-Hodgkin lymphomas.

Baxter Deutschland GmbH is the company headquarters in Germany and is responsible for the sale of Baxter products in both business areas (BioScience and Medical Products).

Switzerland

Baxter employs around 900 people in Switzerland and has been there for around 30 years. The marketing and sales organization for Switzerland, Baxter AG , is in Volketswil . Production facilities are in Neuchâtel , Campocologno and San Vittore. Baxter's European headquarters, Baxter SA , is also located in Switzerland. This is based in Opfikon ( Canton Zurich ).

Products

Factor VIII supplement from Baxter

The product range includes drugs for anesthesiology and intensive care medicine , some of which are obtained from donated blood and which influence the coagulation and immune systems. Vaccines and cytostatics are also produced. Baxter is a distributor of medical devices and devices for transfusion medicine , infusion and pain therapy , and the treatment of renal failure . Baxter is also active in the field of nutritional medicine, specializing in parenteral nutrition . The most important product here is Olimel - a three-chamber bag for parenteral nutrition.

Social Commitment

Baxter promotes sustainability with its commitment . It is one of three healthcare companies worldwide and the only US healthcare company to be included in the Global 100 list every year since 2005 . In 2012, Baxter was ranked 86th.

Quality defects

HIV-contaminated blood products

Like other pharmaceutical companies, Baxter was implicated in the “ blood scandal ” involving HIV- contaminated blood products that were launched worldwide in the 1980s. Many hemophilia sufferers became ill and died of AIDS . With the development of the genetically engineered octocog-alfa , this risk could later be excluded. The pharmaceutical companies paid compensation.

Recall of heparin supplements

In late 2007 and early 2008, approximately 800 patients in the United States experienced severe allergic reactions after administration of heparin , which is manufactured by Baxter. As a result, 246 people died. Baxter stopped production, but the drug was initially used. It was subsequently withdrawn from the market and recalled. The raw material purchased by Baxter was contaminated with a substance similar to the active ingredient, which made it difficult to investigate the incident. It was oversulfated chondroitin sulfate , which, like heparin, is a mucopolysaccharide . Baxter supplier SPL had sourced raw heparin from China. That is where the pollution originated. It may have been brought about on purpose for cost reasons.

In Germany, around 80 cases of severe allergic reactions occurred during the same period after using heparin from another manufacturer. Here too, contaminated raw materials were obtained from China.

The scandal surrounding contaminated heparin from poorly controlled Chinese production facilities took on international and manufacturer-independent proportions. Contaminated heparin was found in twelve countries from Europe to Japan and Australia. China was the world's largest producer of heparin. In order to avoid contamination with BSE pathogens, the raw material used in the production of heparin was switched from beef lungs to pig intestines. Due to the eating habits of its large population, China was able to cover the demand significantly. This led to the falsification of drugs with criminal intent. Some of the Chinese companies involved were only licensed as manufacturers of chemical or agricultural products. They were subject to less control by Chinese or foreign regulatory authorities than if they had acted as pharmaceutical companies.

Web links

Commons : Baxter International  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ https://www.baxter.de/de/our-story/baxter-leadership/jose-joe-e-almeida
  2. ↑ a b Baxter International Inc. Company Review (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on August 8, 2013 ; Retrieved August 20, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.baxter.de
  3. ^ Baxter company overview in Germany . (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on August 7, 2013 ; Retrieved August 20, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.baxter.de
  4. ↑ a b c Baxter International: Annual Report 2012. (PDF; 2.3 MB) (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on October 21, 2013 ; Retrieved August 20, 2013 .
  5. ^ A b Baxter International: Profile. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on October 4, 2013 ; Retrieved August 20, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / baxter.de
  6. ^ Baxter Austria: Research Location Austria. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on November 1, 2010 ; Retrieved November 10, 2010 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.baxter.at
  7. ↑ Baxter Announces Plans to Create Two Separate Leading Global Healthcare Companies , Baxter press release, March 27, 2014, accessed March 28, 2014
  8. ↑ Dialysis museum. Retrieved October 19, 2010 .
  9. ^ Baxter Austria: Company history. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on October 1, 2010 ; Retrieved October 19, 2010 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.baxter.at
  10. ^ Baxter International: Company Brochure. (PDF; 6.2 MB) (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on January 22, 2015 ; Retrieved December 22, 2012 .
  11. ^ Baxter Austria: Overview. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on November 12, 2012 ; Retrieved December 16, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / baxter.at
  12. ↑ Baxter Germany: Company Overview. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on January 16, 2013 ; Retrieved December 16, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / baxter.de
  13. ^ Baxter Switzerland: data and facts. Retrieved December 16, 2012 .
  14. ^ Baxter Germany: Product Portfolio. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on June 22, 2011 ; Retrieved October 20, 2010 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.baxter.de
  15. ↑ Ranking list 2012 from Global 100 (English). (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on September 24, 2013 ; Retrieved December 6, 2012 .
  16. ↑ CSR News: GE tops Corporate Knights Global 100 Ranking. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on November 3, 2010 ; Retrieved October 20, 2010 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / csr-news.net
  17. ^ Deutsches Ärzteblatt 1996. Retrieved October 20, 2010 .
  18. ↑ Die Welt, October 25, 2003: Hamster cells produce coagulation factor. Retrieved October 20, 2010 .
  19. ^ Deutsches Ärzteblatt 1997. Retrieved October 20, 2010 .
  20. ↑ Susanne Alban: Counterfeit drugs: lessons from the heparin scandal. In: pharmische-zeitung.de. March 4, 2008, accessed May 20, 2019 .
  21. ↑ Handelsblatt, February 12, 2008: Heparin production stopped. Retrieved October 20, 2010 .
  22. ^ FDA website, archive. Retrieved October 20, 2010 .
  23. ↑ Spiegel online, March 20, 2008: Heparin contamination identified. Retrieved October 20, 2010 .
  24. ↑ Deutsches Ärzteblatt, March 20, 2008: Heparin: FDA confirms contamination with chondroitin sulfate. Retrieved October 20, 2010 .
  25. ↑ Deutsches Ärzteblatt, March 7, 2008: Heparin recall also in Germany. Retrieved October 20, 2010 .
  26. ^ Pharmaceutical newspaper online, January 2010 cover: Lessons from the heparin scandal. Retrieved October 20, 2010 .