Haigerloch
| coat of arms | Germany map | |
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Coordinates: 48 ° 22 ' N , 8 ° 48' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Baden-Württemberg | |
| Administrative region : | Tübingen | |
| County : | Zollernalb district | |
| Height : | 492 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 76.45 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 10,669 (Dec. 31, 2018) | |
| Population density : | 140 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 72401 | |
| Area code : | 07474 | |
| License plate : | BL, HCH | |
| Community key : | 08 4 17 025 | |
| LOCODE : | DE RUW | |
| City structure: | 9 districts | |
City administration address : |
Oberstadtstrasse 11 72401 Haigerloch |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Heinrich Götz | |
| Location of the town of Haigerloch in the Zollernalb district | ||
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Haigerloch is a town in the Zollernalbkreis in Baden-Württemberg ( Germany ).
geography
Geographical location
Haigerloch is located northwest of the Swabian Alb at an altitude of 430 to 550 meters in the Eyach valley , a steep shell-limestone valley that forms two loops here. Haigerloch is therefore called the rock town . Because of the wild-growing lilacs, the name "Lilac Town" is also common.
Neighboring communities
The communities are listed clockwise from the north and belong to the Zollernalb district, unless otherwise stated.
Starzach ¹, Rangendingen , Grosselfingen , Balingen , Geislingen , Rosenfeld , Sulz am Neckar ², Empfingen ³ and Horb am Neckar ³.
¹ District of Tübingen, ² District of Rottweil, ³ District of Freudenstadt
City structure
Haigerloch consists of the nine districts of Bad Imnau, Bittelbronn, Gruol, Haigerloch, Hart, Owingen, Stetten, Trillfingen and Weildorf, which are spatially identical to the earlier communities of the same name. The official designation of the districts is in the form "Haigerloch- ...".
The Bittelbronn district includes the village of Bittelbronn and the hamlet of Henstetten. The Gruol district includes the village of Gruol, the Haldenhof farmstead and the houses Kroppenhofen, Niederhofen, Schlößle, Stocken and Untere Mühle. The Haigerloch district includes the town of Haigerloch, the Hospach and Seehof farms, the Kirchlesäcker farms and the Karlstal houses. The Stetten district includes the village of Stetten and the Salzwerk houses. The Trillfingen district includes the village of Trillfingen, the princely domain Salenhof, the Kremensee farms and the sawmill, Talmühle, Wirtschaft zum Karlstal and carpentry houses. The farms Birkenhof, Bühlerhof, Dietenbachhof, Weiherhof and “Gipsmühle” belong to Owingen. The farms Birkhof and Tannenburg belong to Weildorf. Only the villages of the same name belong to the districts of Bad Imnau and Hart.
In the urban area of Haigerloch there are several abandoned , no longer existing villages. In the Gruol district, probably in the Hauser Valley, was the village of Holzhausen, to which the Hiltzhusen corridor mentioned in 1460 indicates. The hamlet of Oberowingen, which was lost in the 16th century, was in the Owingen district and Gailhofen was also in the Stetten district. Gailhofen left in the 15th century. The town of Geislingen, mentioned in 1387 as Gislingen , was located in the districts of Stetten and Trillfingen and was probably lost in the 14th century. Not exactly localized, but possibly in the district of Weildorf was the village of Arzingen, which is mentioned as the corridor artzinger hard 1460.
| District | Residents | |
|---|---|---|
| December 31, 2018 | December 31, 2017 | |
| Haigerloch core town | 2,179 | 2.164 |
| Gruol | 1,654 | 1,653 |
| Stetten | 1,649 | 1,655 |
| Owingen | 1,447 | 1,431 |
| Trillfingen | 1,349 | 1,359 |
| Weildorf | 770 | 774 |
| Bad Imnau | 575 | 583 |
| Bittelbronn | 622 | 614 |
| Hard | 532 | 522 |
| Total city | 10,777 | 10,755 |
history
middle Ages
Haigerloch was first mentioned in a document in 1095 on the occasion of a donation made in the castle there. This castle is probably the complex in the upper town , Haigerloch Castle , of which the Roman tower is still preserved today. Around 1200 the Counts of Hohenberg appeared as local lords and built a new castle on the Schlossberg, around which the lower town developed as a market town.
Rudolf I , a brother of Albert II. Of Hohenberg-Haigerloch awarded before 1231, the city charter to Haigerloch. In 1268 a battle raged outside the city gates between Zollern and Hohenbergern, in 1291 the city was besieged by Count Eberhard I of Württemberg , and in 1347 the city was besieged again. From 1356 on, the upper town and the lower town were administratively separated from each other, but were reunited when the Haigerloch rule was sold to Austria in 1381. The Habsburgs pledged the property in various ways, including to the Counts of Württemberg .
In 1497 the town fell to the Hohenzollern family by exchange . Under Christoph von Hohenzollern-Haigerloch, the area around Haigerloch became an independent territory in the area of the Holy Roman Empire of the German nation as Hohenzollern- Haigerloch in 1576 . During this period, today's palace complex was built on the Schlossberg, which replaced the high medieval complex and was the residence of the Counts of Hohenzollern-Haigerloch. In 1634, the city and its rulership fell to the Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen line , whose residence was Haigerloch from 1737 to 1769.
Modern times
After it was ceded to Prussia in 1849, Haigerloch became a Prussian Oberamtsstadt in 1854 in the area known as the Hohenzollern Land . In 1925 the Hohenzollern Oberamt Haigerloch was dissolved and Haigerloch came to the district of Hechingen .
From the 18th century to 1941 there was a large Jewish community in Haigerloch with its own synagogue . By the end of the 19th century, Jews made up around 25% of the city's population, the highest level was reached in 1858 with 397 Jews. From 1940 to August 1942, numerous Jews from Stuttgart and other larger Württemberg cities were resettled to Haigerloch; from here they were deported together with the Jews from Haigerloch . At least 84 Jews from Haigerloch perished during Nazi persecution. After the end of the war, eleven deported Jews returned to Haigerloch. In 1993 a memorial stone was erected. At the end of 1999 the city of Haigerloch was able to acquire the former synagogue building; After several years of restoration work, it was inaugurated in November 2003 as the “House of Encounters”.
In 1903 the Africa missionaries (White Fathers) built a mission house on Annahalde 17, in which they trained their offspring until 1963. Today the mission house is the contact point for everyone who is interested in Africa. Confreres who have worked in various African countries live in the house.
World War II and research reactor
During the last months of the Second World War , Haigerloch was a location of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physics as part of the so-called uranium project , which aimed at the technical use of nuclear fission . From today's point of view, the atom bomb was not a direct goal of this work, but initially only the construction of the Haigerloch research reactor , which was built in a beer cellar below the castle church in Haigerloch . Through courageous negotiations by Pastor Marquard Gulde after the recovery of the reactor system by an American command on April 24, 1945, it escaped being blown up and today contains the atomic cellar museum with a replica of the reactor.
Community reform
In the course of the municipal reform in Baden-Württemberg , the city was re-formed on January 1, 1975 by the merger of the city of Haigerloch with the communities of Gruol and Owingen. The municipalities of Stetten bei Haigerloch (on December 1, 1971), Weildorf (on January 1, 1972), Hart (on April 1, 1972), Bittelbronn and Trillfingen (on January 1, 1973) and Bad Imnau (on January 1, 1972) had already been identified August 1973) incorporated into Haigerloch. Haigerloch itself as well as all incorporated places went with the district of Hechingen to the Zollernalb district .
politics
Municipal council
The municipal council of the city of Haigerloch is elected according to the system of false suburbs , accordingly the community is divided into electoral districts, which are identical to the districts and are referred to as residential districts according to the Baden-Württemberg municipal code . The number of local councils can change due to overhang mandates . With the exception of the Haigerloch district, all districts have localities within the meaning of the Baden-Württemberg municipal code, each with its own local council and local mayor as its chairman. The localities have their own administrative offices of the mayor's office.
In July 2018, the local council decided in principle to introduce the local constitution for the core town of Haigerloch, which means the formation of a local council and the appointment of a local mayor. In Haigerloch, for example, not only the local council but also a local council will be elected for the first time in the next local elections in May 2019. The committee will consist of eleven members, from whose midst the mayor will be appointed.
The municipal council consists of the elected voluntary councilors and the mayor as chairman. The mayor is entitled to vote in the municipal council.
The local elections on May 26, 2019 led to the following official final result:
| Parties and constituencies | 2019 | 2014 | 2009 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % | Seats | % | Seats | % | Seats | ||
| CDU | Christian Democratic Union | 35.30 | 9 | 53.25 | 15th | 50.42 | 15th |
| FWV | Haigerloch Free Voters Association | 43.34 | 12 | 30.43 | 9 | 32.64 | 9 |
| SÖL | Socio-ecological list | 19.22 | 5 | 16.32 | 5 | 16.94 | 5 |
| AGBH | Active city-wide citizens of Haigerloch | 2.14 | 1 | - | - | - | - |
| total | 100 | 27 | 100 | 29 | 100 | 29 | |
| voter turnout | 59.1% | 52.0% | 53.5% | ||||
mayor
- 1850–1855: Georg Back
- 1855–1856: Johann Baptist Mock
- 1856–1890: Stephan Stehle
- 1890–1902: Max Münzer
- 1903–1926: Karl Albrecht
- 1926–1927: Hans Scheuermann
- 1927–1932: Leopold Bausinger
- 1932–1937: Heinrich Rettich
- 1937–1939: Wilhelm Winter, (as official administrator)
- 1939–1945: Heinrich Rein
- 1945 : Josef Dadel
- 1945 : Josef Zöhrlaut
- 1946–1951: Rudolf Weltin
- 1951–1961: Hans-Joachim Baeuchle (SPD)
- 1961–1970: Manfred List (CDU)
- 1970-2006: Roland Trojan
- 2007– : Heinrich Götz
In the mayoral election on November 9, 2014, Heinrich Götz received 54% of the valid votes cast, which means that he will be elected until 2023.
coat of arms
The blazon of the coat of arms reads: "Divided by silver and red."
Town twinning
A partnership has been maintained with Noyal-sur-Vilaine in France since 1973.
Spatial planning
Haigerloch, together with Hechingen , Burladingen , Bisingen , Rangendingen , Grosselfingen and Jungingen, is part of the regional planning and planning region Neckar-Alb in the central area of Hechingen .
Culture and sights
Haigerloch is on the Hohenzollernstrasse holiday route .
Buildings
- Haigerloch Castle : was built around 1580 instead of an older predecessor. The main building was given its current appearance in 1662 by Michael Beer , the new building was built around 1700.
- Haigerloch Castle Church : built between 1584 and 1607 under Count Christoph von Hohenzollern-Haigerloch, redesigned in Baroque style in 1784 under Joseph Friedrich von Hohenzollern-Haigerloch. The high altar, consecrated in 1609, is considered the most important work of Renaissance sculpture in Hohenzollern and has over 60 wooden sculptures.
- Römerturm : keep of the former Upper Castle , which in 1746 was given the present structure with guard room and hood. The Römerturm is a landmark of Haigerloch and the oldest still preserved architectural monument of the Hohenzollern family.
- Thumbsches Schlösschen : of unknown origin, got its present form in the 16th century. It got its name from a family that owned it in the 17th and 18th centuries, and more recently the castle brewery, which existed from 1723 to 2003, has settled there.
- Lower town church St. Nikolaus : oldest church in the city, its oldest components go back to the 12th century.
- Pilgrimage Church of St. Anna : was built between 1753 and 1755 and contains rich baroque jewelry from the time it was built, the organ also dates from the 18th century.
- Jewish cemetery in the Hague : commemorates the local Jewish community that once consisted of more than 200 people , whose members were expelled during the Nazi era or murdered in the Holocaust .
- Hamlet church in the Owingen district
- Evangelical Church: Built from 1860 to 1863 in neo-Gothic style. In the chancel of the church there is a faithful replica of Leonardo's Last Supper, which the Haigerloch artist Friedrich Schüz created between 1952 and 1953.
Museums
- Atomkeller-Museum : Location of the Haigerloch research reactor during the Second World War ( uranium project ). A true-to-original reconstruction of the reactor, various display boards and models as well as a replica of Otto Hahn's experimental table show visitors the state of development at that time.
- Schüz Art Museum in the old rectory with a permanent exhibition of works by the brothers Martin, Friedrich and Hans Schüz.
- Municipal art museum in the oil mill with a permanent exhibition of Karl Hurm's works
- Permanent exhibition for securing evidence - Jewish life in Hohenzollern in the former Haigerloch synagogue . The history of the Jews in Haigerloch is remembered with original objects and interviews with contemporary witnesses.
art
- In the Evangelical Church of the Last Supper there is a copy of the Holy Communion by Leonardo da Vinci in original dimensions. The painter Friedrich Schüz created it in a period of approx. 22 months. It was inaugurated on Maundy Thursday 1954 and presented to the public.
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
The state road 410 connects the city to the east with Rangendingen . The L 360 runs in a northerly direction via Bad Imnau to the Neckar Valley and in a southerly direction together with the federal highway 463 the feeder to the federal highway 81 .
The Public transport is by the Verkehrsverbund Neckar-Alb-Donau guaranteed (NALDO). The city is in honeycomb 229.
The rail connection to Hechingen was given up in 1973 for regular passenger traffic and was mainly used for freight traffic until 2009. Since 2009, a clocked passenger train of the Hohenzollerische Landesbahn (HzL) has been running the Eyach Valley again on the Eyach – Haigerloch – Hechingen line.
These are tourist trains made up of railcars that run on weekends in summer. The starting point of these trains is Tübingen. In the Hechingen station, the coupled railcars with different destinations are separated. The planning for an integral clock traffic in Haigerloch from the full-cycle node station in Hechingen requires extensive considerations.
New timetable calculations enable a 30-minute cycle via Horb to Stuttgart.
Established businesses
One of the few still active salt mines in Germany , the Stetten salt mine , belongs to the district of Stetten . Salt has been mined there since 1854 , and today the mine is owned by Wacker Chemie AG .
The SchwörerHaus KG also operates in Stetten a factory making cellar, ceilings, garages, precast concrete and steel construction.
The Theben AG is also based in Haigerloch.
sons and daughters of the town
- Salomon Schweigger (1551–1622), Protestant preacher and traveler to the Orient
- Christoph von Hohenzollern-Haigerloch (1552–1592), first count of Hohenzollern-Haigerloch
- Johann Christoph von Hohenzollern-Haigerloch (1586–1620), second count of Hohenzollern-Haigerloch
- Karl von Hohenzollern-Haigerloch (1588–1634), third Count of Hohenzollern-Haigerloch
- Franz Christoph Anton von Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (1699–1767), Canon, First Minister of the Electorate of Cologne
- Christian Großbayer (1718–1782), late Baroque builder
- Edmunda von Kolb (1734–1799), abbess of the Cistercian convent in Wald
- Simon Anton Zimmermann (1807–1876), conductor, choir director and composer
- Father Desiderius Lenz, b. Peter Lenz (1832–1928), painter and founder of the Beuron art school
- Hermann Eger (1877–1944), politician (center), member of the Reichstag; born in Weildorf
- Karl Widmaier (1886–1931), writer
- Karl Hurm (1930–2019), painter; born in Weildorf
Individual evidence
- ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
- ^ The state of Baden-Württemberg. Official description by district and municipality. Volume VII: Tübingen administrative region. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1978, ISBN 3-17-004807-4 . Pp. 216-222
- ↑ Haigerloch.de: Haigerloch population statistics 2017
- ↑ Ludwig Eglers Chronik der Stadt Hechingen, Hechingen, 1980: p. 14 annotation.
- ^ Lexicon of Jewish communities in the German-speaking area, entry Haigerloch
- ^ Gotthard Deutsch, Siegmund Salfeld: Hohenzollern. In: Isidore Singer (Ed.): Jewish Encyclopedia . Funk and Wagnalls, New York 1901-1906.
- ^ Haigerloch - Africa missionaries White Fathers .
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 528 f. and 540 .
- ↑ Main statute of the city of Haigerloch dated May 8, 1984, last amended on September 25, 2018, accessed on November 21, 2018
- ^ City of Haigerloch - Results of the European and local elections 2019 , accessed on May 23, 2020
- ^ City of Haigerloch - historical city tour .
- ^ Hohenzollerische Landesbahn AG ( Memento from September 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ D-Bonn: Research and development services and related advice . Document 2013 / S 078-131485 of April 20, 2013 in the supplement to the Electronic Official Journal of the European Union .
- ↑ Dietmar Schindler: Timetable . In: Schwarzwälder Bote , Oberndorf, January 16, 2014.
literature
- Helmut Gabeli: Haigerloch. Jewish residential area "Haag", synagogue, Jewish cemeteries . In: ways of remembering. Places of Jewish life and National Socialist injustice in the Zollernalb district and in the Rottweil district . District Office Zollernalbkreis, Hechingen 1997, ISBN 3-927249-10-6 , pp. 11-14.
- Utz Jeggle (Ed.): Memories of the Haigerloch Jews . Tübingen Association for Folklore (TVV), Tübingen 2000, ISBN 3-932512-10-3 .
- Klaus Schubert: Jewish Haigerloch. Invitations to a tour . 2nd Edition. Media and Dialogue, Haigerloch 2004, ISBN 3-933231-00-0 .
- Werner Gaus: Haigerloch - and his key poems in Swabian dialect . Mayer, Münsingen 1988, ISBN 3-924013-05-5 (Swabian dialect poems and stories from Haigerloch, about customs and traditions as well as his unforgettable originals, illustrated by Wolfgang Stütz).
- Andreas Zekorn: Haigerloch - structures of a small residential town in the early modern period . In: "Journal for Hohenzollern History" (ZHG). Vol. 46, 2010, pp. 81–121 ( PDF of the entire volume; 9 MB ).
Web links
Albstadt | Balingen | Bisingen | Bitz | Burladingen | Dautmergen | Dormettingen | Dotternhausen | Geislingen | Grosselfingen | Haigerloch | Hausen am Tann | Hechingen | Jungingen | Meßstetten | Nusplingen | Obernheim | Rangendingen | Ratshausen | Rosenfeld | Schömberg | Straßberg | While under the gutters | Winterlingen | Rooms under the castle