St. Trinitatis (Haigerloch)
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The church of St. Trinitatis in Haigerloch , a town in the Zollernalb district in Baden-Württemberg , was the castle church of Haigerloch Castle . Today's Catholic parish church is a protected cultural monument . It belongs to the community of St. Trinitatis Haigerloch in the Deanery of Zollern of the Archdiocese of Freiburg .
history
The church in Haigerloch was built on behalf of the founder, Count Christoph von Hohenzollern and his wife Katharina, between 1584 and 1609 in Gothic style by Hans Stockher and Martin Schill. After being damaged in the Thirty Years' War, Prince Joseph Friedrich had the palace church redesigned in Baroque style in 1748 . The artistically valuable stucco was created by a Wessobrunn master . After a major restoration between 1905 and 1907 and another in 1956, extensive measures to preserve the stucco and the ceiling paintings were carried out between 2013 and 2015.
architecture
The church is built in the post-Gothic style, so it takes on Gothic forms that were no longer common at the time of construction. It shows inwardly drawn buttresses and a retracted, lower choir with a three-eighth end , which is moved out of the axis of the ship due to the soil conditions and, in contrast to the ship, is provided with outer buttresses. To the east is the barrel-vaulted sacristy, to the west the parament chamber with ribbed vaults. The tower stands on the north-western corner of the nave on a higher rock level. It has a square base and was crowned in 1748 with an octagonal bell storey and an onion dome.
The interior has a single nave with side chapels and a western double gallery with a royal box. In each case two bays are centralized by a flat dome, while the side chapels are closed off by transverse barrel vaults. The choir, connected by a three-pass arch, is closed by a barrel vault with stitch caps and a central dome.
The stucco work was done by Nikolaus Schütz in 1756. They underline the structure of the room and surround the vaulted ceiling. The color of the room is largely determined by the painting of the vaulted ceiling, which Meinrad von Au created in 1748 . The Holy Trinity is depicted in the center of the choir, and the four continents that it venerate in the side cartouches. The two nave domes with their namesake are dedicated to the princely builders. They show representations from the legend of Christophorus in the eastern nave yoke, and from the legend of Catherine in the western nave yoke . The two round pictures are accompanied by corner cartouches with examples from the Old Testament for the eight Beatitudes of the Sermon on the Mount . The cleaning of the temple is depicted under the gallery .
Furnishing
The high altar , which was consecrated in 1609, is a rare example of a multi-figured Renaissance - altarpiece . The monumental three-storey structure is equipped with over 60 wooden sculptures in various arrangements and sizes by Virgil Moll and was framed by M. Johann Zingler and Thomas Globat in the colors white, gold and silver. In the central niche the Holy Trinity is depicted, above it the Adoration of the Shepherds and Our Lady on the crescent moon, and on the top the Crucifixion. On the side pedestals, the saints Peter and Paul , John the Baptist , Rochus , Elisabeth and Ursula , evangelists and church fathers, above Christophorus and Sebastian , four archangels , Maria Magdalena and Maria Salome under the cross are depicted.
The seven side altars, the choir stalls and the pulpit were created by Franz Magnus Hops in 1750 . The side altar paintings refer to the paintings in the transverse barrel vaults. On the north choir arch altar is depicted: the death of St. Joseph, on the ceiling Joseph's dream, in the north, to the west St. Franz Xaverius at the baptism of a distinguished Indian, on the ceiling: the death of Franz Xaverius on the island of Sancion .
The paintings of the Johann Nepomuk Altar show the saint as a helper in need and illness. The altarpiece of the Poor Souls Altar shows Pope Gregory signing the bull of indulgence , the ceiling images take up the theme of the poor souls being comforted by angels.
The rosary altar stands next to the ceiling fresco of the Annunciation on the southern archway. Another side altar, the All Saints Altar, shows the adoration of the Lamb.
The crucifix dates from around 1500. The depiction of the Mother of Sorrows with a differentiated depiction of the garment under a large shell was created by Johann Georg Weckenmann in 1755. Two wood-carved portrait statues on the northern nave pilasters with views of Haigerloch and Sigmaringen are a reminder of the builder Count Christoph and the renovator Prince Joseph.
Surroundings
Nuclear fission experiments were carried out at the Haigerloch research reactor under the castle church in 1944/1945 . This test facility was dismantled as part of Operation Epsilon after the war and transported to the United States. Today the Atomkeller Museum is located there .
literature
- Georg Dehio: Handbook of the German art monuments. Baden-Württemberg II: The administrative districts of Freiburg and Tübingen. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-422-03030-1 , pp. 270-271.
- Andreas Menrad: Catholic castle church St. Trinitatis in Haigerloch. Building history and restoration. In: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg , Volume 47, No. 2/2018, pp. 88–93 ( online edition ).
- Sabine Grimmig: high altar of the castle and parish church St. Trinitatis in Haigerloch. The story of a late Renaissance altar. In: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg, Volume 47, No. 2/2018, pp. 95–99 ( online edition ).
- Marianne Mehling: The great cultural guide Germany , Weltbild Verlag, Augsburg 2005.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Andreas Menrad: Catholic castle church St. Trinitatis in Haigerloch. Building history and restoration. In: Monument Preservation in Baden-Württemberg , Volume 47, No. 2/2018, pp. 88–93. (PDF)
- ↑ Sabine Grimmig: High altar of the castle and parish church St. Trinitatis in Haigerloch. The story of a late Renaissance altar. (PDF) In: Preservation of monuments in Baden-Württemberg, Volume 47, No. 2/2018, pp. 94–99. Accessed January 31, 2019 .
Coordinates: 48 ° 22 ′ 2 " N , 8 ° 48 ′ 13.9" E