Collegiate Church (Hechingen)
The Catholic collegiate church St. Jakob in Hechingen in the Zollernalb district ( Baden-Württemberg ) is an important sacred building of the early classicism and was built from 1780 to 1783 according to plans by Pierre Michel d'Ixnard .
The Monument Foundation Baden-Württemberg named the collegiate church Monument of the Month for December 2017 .
history
St. Jakob, the parish church of Hechingen, bears the name Stiftskirche after a collegiate monastery founded in 1495 by Count Eitel Friedrich II and abolished in 1806 . The collegiate monastery St. Jakob Hechingen existed from 1495 to 1806 and was connected to the collegiate church St. Jakobus. The foundation, which was approved by the responsible Diocesan Bishop of Constance on October 11, 1499 , is dated to 1495, but it is a backdate. As a result of the secularization , the canon monastery, like the neighboring monasteries, was abolished and fell to the Principality of Hohenzollern-Hechingen . It belonged to the Diocese of Constance and from 1821 to the Archdiocese of Freiburg .
Building history
The church stands on the church square in the Hechinger Oberstadt, formerly right next to the city wall. After the previous building, the late Gothic Marienkirche, was demolished, the foundation stone was laid on May 15, 1780. The construction work was temporarily in the hands of Christian Großbayer , who (after differences with d'Ixnard) was replaced by Johann Georg Scheyer in 1781. The church was consecrated on October 12, 1783. The building embodies early classicism, the transition period between Rococo and Classicism , also known as the plait style .
architect
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The Collegiate Church's architect, Pierre Michel d'Ixnard, was born in Nîmes and trained in Paris and Italy. Numerous important buildings in southern Germany come from him. With the style he developed, D'Ixnard had a decisive influence on the architecture in Hechingen for the next few decades and made the city one of the main centers of classicist building activity.
layout
It is a mighty hall building with a west tower. Large arched windows and a strong main cornice determine the monumental exterior, to which the carefully assembled cuboids also contribute. The tower, which is half protruding from the facade and is square in its lower storeys, merges into a bell-shaped domed cylinder, which is decorated with vases, laurel wreaths, cloth hangings and the Hohenzollern alliance coat of arms.
The building has a transept reduced to the chapels and is closed off by the semicircular choir . The 53 m long interior is structured by strong wall pilasters that sit on high plinths and support a heavy cornice. A large cove forms the transition to the ceiling . The colors white and gold determine the interior.
Furnishing
The ceiling paintings in the choir and ship are of the style of the Nazarene affected and originate from the painter Fidelis Schabet from the years 1846 to 1848. The ceiling paintings in the side chapels and the royal box was Andreas Meinrad von Ow painted.
The large atlas figures that carry the royal box are still stylistically indebted to the baroque .
The grave slab for Count Eitel Friedrich II. Von Zollern and his wife Magdalena von Brandenburg , a bronze cast made at the beginning of the 16th century, probably comes from the workshop of the Nuremberg artist Peter Vischer . In terms of art history, it stands at the transition from Gothic to Renaissance .
Organs
The two organs of the collegiate church were built in 2004 by the organ builder Karl Göckel (Mühlhausen-Rettigheim). The modern prospectus design of both instruments is striking , each with its own playing system, but can also be played together from the free-standing three-manual general console in front of the choir organ.
Gallery organ
The gallery organ has 38 registers on two manuals and pedal , and two effect registers.
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- Coupling : II / I, II 16 ′ / I, II 16 ′ / II, I / P, II / P, II 4 ′ / P
Choir organ
The choir organ has twelve registers on two manuals and a pedal.
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- Coupling : II / I, II 16 ′ / I, II 16 ′ / II, I / P, II / P
Collegiate Church Choir
The collegiate choir St. Jakobus has existed at the collegiate church in Hechingen for more than 150 years . In the second half of the 19th century it was directed by Michael Lehmann (1827–1903), who was also the organist and cantor at the collegiate church and who had a major influence on the church's musical life in Hechingen for several decades. During his time in Hechingen, Lehmann created numerous church music works that are still performed in the collegiate church on special occasions.
Bells
A seven-part bell hangs in the tower of the collegiate church; Bells no. 1 to 5 hang in the lower bell-room, bells no. 6 and 7 hang in the tower lantern.
| No. |
Surname |
Caster |
Casting year |
Ø (mm) |
Weight (kg) |
Nominal (16th note) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Grüninger, Neu-Ulm | 1950 | 1385 | 1700 | d 1 −5 | |
| 2 | Hans Eger, Reutlingen | 1475 | 1265 | circa 1400 | f 1 +4 | |
| 3 | Grüninger, Neu-Ulm | 1950 | 1020 | 700 | g 1 −4 | |
| 4th | Grüninger, Neu-Ulm | 1950 | 905 | 450 | a 1 −5 | |
| 5 | B. Grüninger, Villingen | 1922 | 755 | 300 | c 2 +11 | |
| 6th | Bachert, Neunkirchen | 2017 | 730 | 250 | d 2 −4 | |
| 7th | Bachert, Neunkirchen | 2017 | 640 | 170 | e 2 −5 |
literature
- Walther Genzmer (Ed.): The art monuments of Hohenzollern. First volume: Hechingen district . Hechingen 1939, pp. 154-165.
- Erich Franz: Pierre Michel d'Ixnard 1723–1795: life and work. Konrad, Weissenhorn 1985.
- Otto Werner: The secularization of the Franciscan monastery St. Luzen and the collegiate monastery St. Jakobus Hechingen , in: Journal for Hohenzollerische Geschichte 38/39 (2002/03), pp. 103-202.
Individual evidence
Web links
Coordinates: 48 ° 21 '6.2 " N , 8 ° 57' 48.68" O