Reichenbach (Starzel)
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Reichenbach Obertal: Bärentäle first short run in the valley floor: Weiherbach |
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1.JPG) Upper course in Friedrichstal, in the background the head of the valley |
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| Data | ||
| Water code | DE : 2381524 | |
| location |
Foreland of the western Swabian Alb
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| River system | Rhine | |
| Drain over | Starzel → Neckar → Rhine → North Sea | |
| source | 3⅓ km south-southeast of Boll under the Kohlwinkelfelsen in the beginning Bärentäle 48 ° 18 ′ 10 ″ N , 9 ° 0 ′ 35 ″ E |
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| Source height | approx. 762 m above sea level NHN | |
| muzzle | in Hechingen from the left and south-east into the Starzel coordinates: 48 ° 21 ′ 16 ″ N , 8 ° 58 ′ 0 ″ E 48 ° 21 ′ 16 ″ N , 8 ° 58 ′ 0 ″ E |
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| Mouth height | approx. 482 m above sea level NHN | |
| Height difference | approx. 280 m | |
| Bottom slope | approx. 30 ‰ | |
| length | approx. 9.5 km with the upper course in the Bärentäle |
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| Catchment area | 19.404 km² | |
| Left tributaries | Zellerbach | |
The Reichenbach is a creek about 9.5 kilometers long on the Albtrauf , which in the town of Hechingen in the Zollernalbkreis in Baden-Württemberg runs to the left of the Starzel , which drains over the Neckar into the Rhine .
geography
course
The Reichenbach arises almost 3.5 km south-southeast of Boll in the Stettener Wald at about 762 m above sea level. NHN on the upper slope of here around 900 m above sea level. NHN high night eaves . On the first two kilometers, the brook digs itself in about 180 meters in altitude, which shows the high erosion power of the brook and its first tributaries, which run into tufts. This heavily eroded upper area of the valley running to the north is called Bärentale , and it is framed by striking rock groups such as the Kohlwinkel rock and the well-known hanging stone .
2.JPG)
Then the stream turns at the inlet of the first longer tributary, accompanied by wood and in an already flat floodplain, on a northwest course, which it maintains until the mouth. The numerous mostly steep tributaries into the valley - on the left they come down from the Raichberg after the first streams , then from the slopes of the elongated Zeller Horn and the Zoller , crowned by Hohenzollern Castle , on the right from the ridge towards the nearby valley of the upper Starzel , called the Killertal down, which stretches from Himberg am Albtrauf to Hausterberg - lengths mostly up to about 2 km, two left ones even by 3 km. The valley, which is initially deep and narrow as far as Boll, is officially called Friedrichstal , the local population calls it Schamental , where the stream passes the site of the former Friedrichstal hunting lodge .
The brook passes the village of Boll on the lower slope of the Zoller around 300 meters northeast of the edge of the settlement, after a total of 6½ km it crosses the embankment of the Zollernalbbahn and immediately behind it reaches the Hechingen district of Stetten . There it flows directly past the Stetten Abbey . Then the brook crosses under the four-lane federal highway 27 , runs through the Hechinger Lower Town, the oldest part of the former royal seat, which is seamlessly adjacent to Stetten, and flows there at an acute angle from the left and southeast into the Starzel .
The entire length of the stream lies within the boundaries of the city of Hechingen , as are its tributaries.
Catchment area
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The Reichenbach drains 19.4 km² on the Albtrauf near Hechingen, of which about two thirds belong to its erosion bay, in which the forest covers the edge mountains down to at least the middle slope. At over 7 km, the catchment area has its greatest extension in a north-north-westerly direction from the summit of the Gockeler above its source to the mouth in Hechingen, while across the course of the stream it is fairly constant and slightly less than 3.5 km wide. In terms of natural space, it is in the foothills of the western Swabian Alb , its highest areas in the southeast in the lower region of the Killertal and its Alb foothills , the majority of the remaining part in the sub-region of Starzel-Alb foreland .
The brook is usually more than twice as far from the west-south-western watershed than the opposite right, which climbs from the mouth in Hechingen up the Hausterberg ( 698.8 m above sea level ) and then over the initially narrow ridge covered by the Junginger Forest in front of the upper valley of the receiving Starzel runs to the Himberg (up to about 880 m above sea level ). Then it runs on the eaves line of the Alb southwest over to the Gockeler ( 950.7 m above sea level ) and from here runs northwest, first over the Raichberg ( 956.5 m above sea level ), whose summit is the highest point of the catchment area. In the area of this mountain it is part of the European main watershed , because on the other side the Schmiecha drains to the Danube . After the Raichberg cusp, which towers over the Alb plateau by about 50 meters, it runs in the direction of the spur over the Zeller Horn , which is again only at plateau level , then down its spur tip, back a little up to the lower cone of the Zoller ( 858.3 m above sea level ) and again down approximately on the route of the Hohenzollern Castle on its top opening K 7110 to the Bismarckhöhe ( 643.4 m above sea level ). Here the watershed turns in flatter terrain to the north-northeast and thus runs back to the Reichenbach estuary. The next longer Starzel tributary Zimmerbach competes here in the west from the Zeller Horn and up to the mouth .
Most of the catchment area is in the area of the city of Hechingen. Smaller strips on its edge lie in the east on the Jungingen district , in the south on the Onstmettinger district boundary of Albstadt , in the west on the von Bisingen .
Tributaries
Hierarchical list of the tributaries, each from the source to the mouth. Length of water, catchment area and altitude according to the corresponding layers on the LUBW online map. Other sources for the information are noted.
Source of the Reichenbach at about 762 m above sea level. NHN around 3.5 km south-southeast of Boll under the Kohlwinkelfelsen in the beginning Bärentaele .
- (Inflow from the Eschenbühl ), from the left and southwest to about 590 m above sea level. NHN about half a kilometer after the slope forest exit of the Reichenbach , 1.1 km and about 0.6 km². Arises at about 692 m above sea level. NHN at the north-east slope of the Raichberg
The brook called Weiherbach on the last half kilometer turns, now as Reichenbach , on north-west course. - Lindenbrunnen , from the left and southeast to about 567 m above sea level. NHN a little east of the Friedrichstal hunting lodge , 1.1 km and approx. 0.5 km². Arises at about 670 m above sea level. NHN in the forest .
- Bruckwiesengraben , from the left and south-southwest to about 550 m above sea level. NHN east of Ziegelhütte , 1.3 km and approx. 0.4 km². Arises at about 646 m above sea level. NHN in Eichbühl .
- Niederwiesengraben , from the left and south-southwest to about 545 m above sea level. NHN northeast of Ziegelhütte, 1.1 km and approx. 0.6 km². Arises at about 605 m above sea level. NHN in the valley meadows .
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Hüttenwiesengraben , from the left and south-southwest to about 533 m above sea level. NHN east of Boll almost opposite the next, 1.9 km and 0.9 km². Arises at about 675 m above sea level. NHN east of the Maria Zell chapel .
- (Shorter source branch), from the left and southwest to just under 570 m above sea level. NHN southwest of the Ziegelhütte, 0.8 km and approx. XX km². Arises at about 670 m above sea level. NHN northeast of the Maria Zell chapel.
- (Inflow from Hausterberg ), from the right and east to below 533 m above sea level. NHN shortly after the previous one, 1.5 km and 1.0 km². Arises at about 637 m above sea level. NHN on the western slope of the Hausterberg .
- (Inflow through the Burgstall ), from the right and overall east to over 520 m above sea level. NHN immediately before the next, 0.9 km and 1.0 km². Arises at about 563 m above sea level. NHN in a forest clearing northwest of the Spielberg .
- Zellerbach , from the left and south in the area of the Reichenbach flood retention basin at just under 520 m above sea level. NHN after passing the Boller sewage treatment plant, 3.3 km and 1.9 km². Arises up to 725 m above sea level. NHN am Bröller below the Zeller Horn , but mostly a little further down near the Maria Zell chapel.
- Köppeleswiesenbach , Oberlaufname Roßberggraben , from the left and south-southwest to about 511 m above sea level. NHN at the Feldwegbrücke at the end of the Mühlstrasse in Stetten , 1.7 km and approx. 0.8 km². Arises at about 600 m above sea level. NHN at the water reservoir at the tree line on the northeast slope below Hohenzollern Castle .
- Brühlbach , from the right and a total of east-southeast to a little over 500 m above sea level. NHN on Bachstrasse in Stetten, 1.5 km and approx. 0.8 km². Arises at about 535 m above sea level. NHN in Lindenwasen .
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Ziegelbach , from the left and southeast to about 494 m above sea level. NHN in Stetten shortly before the B 27 crossing the Reichenbach , 3.0 km and approx. 3.7 km². Arises at about 650 m above sea level. NHN on the western edge of the forest around the Zoller zum Langen Rain .
- Gärtlebach , from the right and south to about 552 m above sea level. NHN from the Schopfloch and opposite the Langen Rain , 0.9 km and about 0.3 km². Arises at about 650 m above sea level. NHN on the northwest slope of the Zoller a little below the quarry. A little longer than the main branch.
- (Inlet from the upper Zoller), from the right and south to about 534 m above sea level. NHN across from the Ziegelbach domain , approx. 1.5 and approx. 0.3 km². Arises at about 727 m above sea level. NHN at the water tower on the Zoller. After exiting the forest from the Schopfloch takes a right branch of the previous one.
- Brühlbach , from the left and southwest to about 521 m above sea level. NHN at the domain Ziegelbach, 1.4 km and approx. 0.5 km². Arises at about 580 m above sea level. NHN at the domain Brielhof at the driveway to the B 27.
- Kreuzwiesbach , from the right and south to about 495 m above sea level. NHN only a good hundred meters before the mouth, 2.2 km and about 1.0 km². Arises at about 585 m above sea level. NHN at the lower edge of the forest slope of the Zoller to the Allmendäckern .
Mouth of the Reichenbach from the left and finally south-east to about 495 m above sea level. NHN in Hechingen at the bridge of the Staig street over the river in the middle Starzel . The Reichenbach is 9.5 km long and has a 19.4 km² catchment area.
geology
In the catchment area there are layers of the Jura from the White Jura down to the Black Jura , from the lower mass limestone formation of the White Jura on Gockeler and Raichberg to the Obtususton formation of the Black Jura near its mouth in Hechingen. A fault line of the Hohenzollern ditch runs on the left flank of the valley , which in the area of the Gockeler has shifted the lower mass limestone in the tectonic ditch to the deeper well-stratified limestone formation to the northeast of it. The Reichenbach arises in the rubble of its upper valley, which only stops shortly before the change of course to the northwest. In the valley there is Opalinus Clay on both sides of the flood sediments of the course and far up the slope, and Pleistocene alluvial sediment on the left side in the area of the lower slope . The Black Jurassic begins in Stetten, for example.
Geotopes in the catchment area:
- Hanging stone a little east of the Raichberg summit. There, at the upper edge of the valley, a clod has separated from the rock of the plateau due to the formation of cracks and is now moving very slowly down the valley.
- Oven rocks a little north of the Raichberg summit on the upper edge of the valley. There are some small caves in the rock.
- Zeller Horn . Upper spur from the Alb plateau to the Zollerberg with a view of the landscape and especially of the valleys on both sides.
- Zollerberg . Even more comprehensive outlook.
- Impact slope of the Reichenbach in the lower Stetten. Good exposure of the Posidonia schist formation .
Flood retention basin
Shortly after the inflow of the Zellerbach, the Reichenbach runs through the Reichenbach flood retention basin, which was completed in 2019 . Its 12.45 m high earth dam can hold back up to 235,000 m³ of water, which can be drained off in a controlled manner. The operator is the city of Hechingen.
Nature and protected areas
According to the biocenotic type of flowing water, the Reichenbach is classified along its entire length as a carbonate low mountain range rich in coarse material .
The Zellerhornwiese on the spur of the Zeller Horn, which is otherwise wooded in turn, is a tree-strewn meadow that is designated as a nature reserve and is located halfway this side of the southwestern watershed. It is the only nature reserve in the catchment area.
The Schamental forest reserve is located around the upper section of the stream in Bärentäle and to the east of the subsequent Weiherbach section . With its southern part, it belongs to the Stettener Wald water protection area , which extends even further up to the watershed at the upper bend of the Albtrauf and beyond. The WSG Maria Zell water protection area is located around the Zeller Horn .
Well over half of the catchment area from the upper Albtrauf to the settlement limit of Stetten and Hechingen, with the exception of only Boll and its settlement edge , lies in the nature reserve Upper Starzeltal and Zollerberg .
Individual evidence
LUBW
Official online waterway map with a suitable section and the layers used here: Course and catchment area of the Reichenbach
General introduction without default settings and layers: State Institute for the Environment Baden-Württemberg (LUBW) ( notes )
- ↑ a b c Height according to the contour line image on the background layer topographic map .
- ↑ a b Length according to the waterway network layer ( AWGN ) .
- ↑ a b Catchment area summed up from the sub-catchment areas according to the basic catchment area layer (AWGN) .
- ↑ Height according to black lettering on the background layer topographic map .
- ↑ a b Catchment area measured on the background layer topographic map .
- ↑ a b c d e Catchment area according to the basic catchment area layer (AWGN) .
- ↑ Length measured on the background layer topographic map .
- ↑ Geotopes after the Geotope layer . The geotope description can be called up with a click.
- ↑ Flood retention basin after the dam layer .
- ↑ Protected areas according to the relevant layers, nature partly according to the biotope layer .
Other evidence and comments
- ↑ a b On the measuring table sheets 7620 Talheim / Jungingen from 1910 and 7619 Hechingen / Bodelshausen from 1910, the Reichenbach is labeled east of Friedrichstal and then finally shortly before Stetten as Weiherbach , so far down the bend to the northwest.
- ↑ Friedrich Huttenlocher : Geographical Land Survey: The natural space units on sheet 178 Sigmaringen. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1959. → Online map (PDF; 4.3 MB)
- ↑ Geology according to the layers for Geological Map 1: 50,000 on: Map server of the State Office for Geology, Raw Materials and Mining (LGRB) ( notes )
literature
- Topographical map 1: 25,000 Baden-Württemberg, as single sheet No. 7619 Hechingen, No. 7620 Jungingen and No. 7720 Albstadt
Web links
- Map of the course and catchment area of the Reichenbach on: State Institute for the Environment Baden-Württemberg (LUBW) ( information )
- Measuring table sheets in the Deutsche Fotothek :
- 7619 Hechingen / Bodelshausen from 1910
- 7620 Talheim / Jungingen from 1910
- 7720 Ebingen / Burladingen from 1910