Löwenberg district in Silesia

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Löwenberg district, 1905

The Prussian district of Löwenberg i. Schles. existed from 1816 to 1945 and belonged to the Liegnitz administrative district . The district office was in the city of Löwenberg i. Schles. The former district area is now in the Polish Lower Silesian Voivodeship .

geography

The district was in the southwestern part of the Liegnitz administrative district. Its extension was between Karlshof in the northeast and Groß-Iser in the southwest, 47 km with a width of 28 to 30 km between Birkicht in the west and Flachenseiffen in the east. The circle was between 50 ° 50 'and 51 ° 13' north latitude and between 32 ° 56 'and 33 ° 37' east longitude. It bordered in the north on the Bunzlau district , in the east on the Goldberg district , in the south on the Hirschberg district in the Giant Mountains and in the west on the Lauban district . The southern district border along the Jizera Mountains ridge also marked the border with Czechoslovakia .

Administrative history

Kingdom of Prussia

After the conquest of most of Silesia by Prussia in 1741, the royal cabinet order of November 25, 1741 introduced the Prussian administrative structures in Lower Silesia . This included the establishment of two war and domain chambers in Breslau and Glogau as well as their subdivision into districts and the appointment of district administrators on January 1, 1742. In the Principality of Jauer , one of the Silesian subduchies, the Prussian districts of Hirschberg , Jauer and were formed from old Silesian soft images Löwenberg-Bunzlau formed. All three districts were subordinate to the War and Domain Chamber Glogau, from which the district of Liegnitz of the province of Silesia emerged in the course of the Stein-Hardenberg reforms in 1815 .

The Löwenberg-Bunzlau district was split up by the Liegnitz government on January 26, 1816 into the two districts of Löwenberg and Bunzlau . The separation took place along the historical Weichbild boundary, so that the Löwenberg district initially corresponded to the historical Weichbild Löwenberg. The first district administrator of the Löwenberg district was the incumbent district administrator of the Löwenberg-Bunzlau district, Ferdinand Friedrich von Stechow.

During the district reform of January 1, 1820 in the Liegnitz administrative district, there were minor changes in the area:

  • The villages of Alt Jäschwitz, Alt Warthau, Groß Hartmannsdorf, Liebichau, Mittlau and Neu Warthau moved from the Löwenberg district to the Bunzlau district.
  • The villages Alt- and Neu Bertelsdorf, Beerberg, Eckersdorf, Gieshübel, Langenöls, Logau, Mauereck, Ober-, Mittel- and Nieder Steinbach, Ober-, Mittel- and Nieder Thiemendorf and Vogelsdorf moved from the district of Löwenberg to the district of Lauban .

North German Confederation / German Empire

Since July 1, 1867, the district belonged to the North German Confederation and from January 1, 1871 to the German Empire . On November 8, 1919, the province of Silesia was dissolved. The new province of Lower Silesia was formed from the administrative districts of Breslau and Liegnitz . On September 30, 1929, a territorial reform took place in the Löwenberg district as in the rest of the Free State of Prussia , in which all manor districts were dissolved and assigned to neighboring rural communities. Later, according to the name of the district town, the name “Löwenberg i. Schles. ”As the name of the district.

On October 1, 1937, the municipality of Graeflich Hernsdorf moved from the Löwenberg district to the Lauban district and was incorporated into Bad Schwarzbach. On April 1, 1938, the Prussian provinces of Lower Silesia and Upper Silesia were merged to form the new Province of Silesia. On January 1, 1939, the Löwenberg i. Schles. according to the now imperial regulation the designation district . On January 18, 1941, the province of Silesia was dissolved. The new province of Lower Silesia was formed from the administrative districts of Breslau and Liegnitz.

In the spring of 1945 the district was occupied by the Red Army . In the summer of 1945, the district was placed under Polish administration by the Soviet occupying power in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement . In the period that followed, most of the German population was expelled from the district .

Population development

year Residents source
1819 72,625
1846 71.171
1871 67,037
1885 63,243
1900 60,355
1910 62,365
1925 63,655
1939 63,476

District administrators

1816–1818 00Ferdinand Friedrich von Stechow
1818-1820 00Brown
1820–1840 00from Frankenberg
1840–1852 Christoph von Poniński (1802–1876)00
1852–1871 Georges von Cottenet (1807–1900)00
1871–1883 00Gustav von Haugwitz
1883–1896 Hans Dietrich von Holleuffer (1855–1902)00
1896–1901 00Hans von Guenther
1901–1912 00Arthur von Loefen
1906–1912 Max von Loewenstein zu Loewenstein00
1912–1917 Richard zu Limburg-Stirum00
1917–1920 00Oscar von Schroetter
1920–1932 Alfred Schmiljan00
1932 0000000von Hagenow ( acting )
1933–1945 Mark von Wietersheim (1897–1969)00

Local constitution

The district of Löwenberg i. Schles. divided into cities, rural communities and manor districts . With the introduction of the Prussian Municipal Constitutional Act of December 15, 1933, there was a uniform municipal constitution for all Prussian municipalities from January 1, 1934. Introduction of the German municipal code of January 30, 1935, a uniform municipal constitution came into force in the German Reich on April 1, 1935, according to which the previous rural municipalities were now referred to as municipalities . A new district constitution was no longer created; The district regulations for the provinces of East and West Prussia, Brandenburg, Pomerania, Silesia and Saxony from March 19, 1881 continued to apply.

Communities

The district last comprised five cities and 77 rural communities:

  • Gross Rackwitz
  • Big tiers
  • Groß Walditz
  • Hartelangenvorwerk
  • Hartliebsdorf
  • Hayne
  • Hennersdorf
  • Hofel
  • Hollow stone
  • Hohndorf
  • Hussdorf
  • Johnsdorf
  • Kesselsdorf
  • Klein Neundorf
  • Klein Röhrsdorf
  • Kleppelsdorf
  • Krobsdorf
  • Krummöls
  • Lähn , city
  • Lang Neundorf
  • Langenau
  • Long water
  • Lauterseiffen
  • Liebenthal , city
  • Löwenberg i. Schles. , City
  • Ludwigsdorf
  • March village a. Bober
  • Matzdorf
  • Wall
  • Mühlseiffen
  • New territory
  • Neundorf-Liebenthal
  • Lower Görisseiffen
  • Lower Mois
  • Upper Görisseiffen
  • Upper Mois
  • Ottendorf
  • Petersdorf
  • Plagwitz
  • Querbach
  • Rabishau
  • Radmannsdorf
  • Regensberg
  • Riemendorf
  • slate
  • Schmottseiffen
  • Schosdorf
  • Seitendorf
  • Seven oaks
  • Sirgwitz
  • Spiller
  • Sussenbach
  • Tschischdorf
  • Ullersdorf-Liebenthal
  • Waltersdorf
  • Welkersdorf
  • Little Rackwitz
  • Little Walditz
  • Wiesenthal
  • Wish village
  • Zobten a. Bober

The Jizera Mountains forestry district also belonged to the district . The following municipalities lost their independence by 1938:

  • Graflich Hernsdorf, on October 1, 1937 in Bad Schwarzbach, Lauban district
  • Gräflich Ullersdorf, on April 1, 1937 in Krobsdorf
  • Greiffenthal, to Giehren on October 1, 1921
  • Hagendorf, on April 1, 1939 to new territory
  • Hänchen, on April 1, 1934 in Kesselsdorf
  • Kunzendorf under the forest, on April 1, 1939 new land
  • Nieder Kesselsdorf, on April 1, 1934 in Kesselsdorf
  • Nieder Langenau, on January 1st, 1935 in Langenau
  • Ober Kesselsdorf, on April 1, 1934 in Kesselsdorf
  • Ober Langenau, on January 1, 1935 in Langenau
  • Steine, on April 1, 1937 in Egelsdorf

literature

Web links

Commons : District of Löwenberg i. Schles.  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Roland Gehrke: State Parliament and the Public: Provincial Parliamentarism in Silesia 1825-1845 . Böhlau Verlag, Cologne 2009, ISBN 978-3-412-20413-6 , pp. 45 ( partially digitized ).
  2. ^ Monuments of the Prussian State Administration in the 18th century . Files from May 31, 1740 to the end of 1745. In: Royal Academy of Sciences (Ed.): Acta Borussica . tape 6.2 . Paul Parey, Berlin 1901, Royal Order for the appointment of district administrators in Lower Silesia , p. 259 ( digitized version ).
  3. ^ WFC Starke: Contributions to the knowledge of the existing court system and the latest results of the administration of justice in the Prussian state . Carl Heymann, Berlin 1839, District division of the Prussian Duchy of Silesia in the 18th century, p. 290 ( digitized version ).
  4. ^ Ordinance on the division of the Prussian state according to its new delimitation . 1815 ( digitized ).
  5. ^ Roman Kamionka: The reorganization of the district division of Silesia in the Stein-Hardenberg reform period , Breslau 1934, page 79
  6. ^ Official Gazette of the Liegnitz Government 1819, No. 52 . Ordinance on the new district division of December 15, 1819. Liegnitz, p. 470 ( digitized version ).
  7. ^ Statistisches Bureau zu Berlin (Ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Prussian state . Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1821, Silesia, p. 95 ( digitized version ).
  8. ↑ Royal Statistical Bureau (ed.): Mittheilungen des Statistisches Bureau's in Berlin, Volume 2 . Population of the districts. ( Digitized version ).
  9. ^ The municipalities and manor districts of the Prussian state and their population 1871
  10. ^ Community encyclopedia for the province of Silesia 1885
  11. ↑ a b www.gemeindeververzeichnis.de
  12. ^ A b c Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. loewenberg.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  13. ^ Territorial changes in Germany