Czernica (Jeżów Sudecki)

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Czernica
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Czernica (Poland)
Czernica
Czernica
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Lower Silesia
Powiat : Jelenia Gora
Gmina : Jeżów Sudecki
Geographic location : 50 ° 59 '  N , 15 ° 43'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 58 '38 "  N , 15 ° 42' 51"  E
Residents : 740 (2011)
Postal code : 58-521
Telephone code : (+48) 75
License plate : DJE
Economy and Transport
Next international airport : Wroclaw Nicolaus Copernicus Airport



Czernica (German Langenau ) is a village in the rural community Jeżów Sudecki in the Powiat Jeleniogórski in Poland . It is located about six kilometers northwest of Jeżów Sudecki ( Grunau ) and about nine kilometers north of Jelenia Góra in the valley of the Lipka River in the Bober-Katzbach Mountains .

history

"Langenow" was first mentioned in the Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis, dated between 1295 and 1305 . It belonged to the Duchy of Schweidnitz-Jauer , with which it fell to Bohemia under inheritance law after the death of Duke Bolko II. Bolko II's widow Agnes von Habsburg was entitled to usufruct until her death in 1392 . In 1574, the previously broken religious talks with Matthias Flacius Illyricus , in which Jakob Colerus (1537-1612) participated on the Protestant side in Langenau , were continued in Langenau Castle . In 1598 the castle became the property of the von Lest family. During the Thirty Years' War, Polish troops, the so-called "Lisowczycy", unsuccessfully besieged the castle on the orders of Karl Hannibal von Dohna . From 1816 to 1945 the place belonged to the district of Löwenberg in the province of Silesia , in the times of their division to the province of Lower Silesia . The place was divided into Ober- and Nieder-Langenau. At the beginning of the 19th century Nieder-Langenau comprised 89 houses with 403 inhabitants, Ober-Langenau 142 houses with 755 inhabitants. In 1874 the district of Langenau was formed, to which the rural communities of Flachenseiffen , Nieder Langenau and Ober Langenau as well as the manor districts of Flachenseiffen and Ober Langenau belonged. On January 1, 1935, the rural communities Nieder Langenau and Ober Langenau were combined to form the new rural community Langenau .

As a result of the Second World War , Langenau and most of Silesia fell to Poland. It was subsequently renamed Czernica . Between 1975 and 1998, Czernica was part of the Jelenia Góra Voivodeship before it was assigned to the Lower Silesian Voivodeship with the Jeżów Sudecki commune .

Buildings

  • The Catholic village church is dedicated to the Archangel Michael , originally from the 13th century, was rebuilt in the 14th century and around 1520. It has a two-bay choir with ribbed vaults and buttresses , while the exterior of the nave has no buttresses. The door fitting dates from 1572. In 1584 the then Protestant church received a small bell, and in 1595 a large bell. The Mannerist style high altar was made between 1605 and 1615 when the church was renovated twice. In 1655 it was converted into a Catholic church. Some outstanding epitaphs in the Church were created in the 16th and 17th centuries. u. a. for Balthasar von Schaffgotsch († 1564), Magdalena von Zedlitz († 1577), Magdalena von Kittlitz († 1588) and Oswald von Lest († 1685), who had killed his brother Nikolaus at Langenau Castle in 1672.
  • The Langenau Castle was a known since about the year 1300 knight's seat with a fortified castle of the Lords of Langenow. It later came to the von Kittlitz and von Seydlitz families, and in 1518 to the von Schaffgotsch family. In 1543 Balthasar von Schaffgotsch expanded it into a three-wing complex. The horseshoe-shaped building was surrounded by a moat and was fortified. In 1728 the castle went to the von Glaubitz family , from 1787 to 1861 it belonged to the von Förster family, from whom the large entrepreneur Leopold Schoeller bought it for his daughter. She was married to Friedrich von Klitzing , who owned the castle in 1892. In the late 19th century, he had the castle massively rebuilt, with most of the old structure being removed. The new building was carried out in the neo-renaissance style, at the same time modernized according to the latest technological possibilities. Central heating and electricity were installed. Only the so-called castle chapel remained of the former castle, the paintings of which date from 1563 and show carpet patterns in the base area, still lifes and plant ornaments. In addition, the coats of arms painted in the arched niches of the room are important for the heraldry of the noble families represented there. The plant was owned by the Klitzing family until 1945, then by the Polish state, and has been privately owned since 1992.
  • At the request of Christoph Ferdinand Freiherr von Glaubitz in 1741, Frederick the Great granted permission to build a Protestant church. The foundation stone was laid in 1743 and the massive, “oval” prayer house was inaugurated in 1744 . In 1767 an organ was installed. To mark the 50th anniversary of the parish published Ernst Lebrecht Traugott Pinzger (1789-1808), preacher of Langenau and father of the classical philologist Gustav Pinzger , an outline of the history of the Protestant church, with formation of the Prussian Evangelical Church in the royal lands from 1817 came to the ecclesiastical province of Silesia . In 1910, a donation and bequest funded bell tower was completed that received three bells in d, f and a flat . The d and f bells were melted down in 1917 as raw material for industry during the First World War . As a replacement, three new bells with the tones e, g sharp and b were set in 1922 . The as-bell, which can no longer be accommodated, was bequeathed to the church in Kupferberg in the Giant Mountains . Since the church collapsed and was demolished in 2002, only its tower has survived today.

  • Church of the Archangel Michael in Czernica

  • Castle of Czernica

  • Tower of the former Protestant church

literature

  • Dehio Handbook of Art Monuments in Poland. Silesia. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich et al. 2005, ISBN 3-422-03109-X , pp. 253f.
  • Wojciech Kapałczyński, Jan Kotlarski: The architectural monuments in the city and district of Jelenia Góra / Hirschberg. Jeleniogórskie Tow. Społeczno-Kulturalne, Jelenia Góra 2002, pp. 56–60.
  • Romuald Łuczyński: Zamki, dwory i pałace w Sudetach. Stowarzyszenie "Wspólnota Akademicka", Legnica 2008, ISBN 978-83-89102-63-8 , pp. 84-88 (about the castle).

Web links

Commons : Czernica  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

  1. ^ Result of the 2011 census (Excel, accessed on January 28, 2018)
  2. ↑ Polish postcodes as of 2013 (PDF, accessed on January 28, 2018)
  3. ^ Hermann Markgraf, Johann Wilhelm Schulte (Ed.): Liber Fundationis Episcopatus Vratislaviensis (= Codex Diplomaticus Silesiae. Volume 14). Josef Max & Comp., Breslau 1889, p. 126 ( digitized version ): Item in Langenow sunt XLIII mansi positi [pro] XXIII et pertinet ad graciam.
  4. ↑ Johann Georg Knie : Alphabetical-statistical-topographical overview of all villages, spots, cities, etc. other places of the Royal. Preuss. Province of Silesia. Grass, Barth and Comp., Breslau 1830, p. 404 ( digitized version ).
  5. ↑ Johann Georg Knie: Alphabetical-statistical-topographical overview of all villages, spots, cities, etc. other places of the Royal. Preuss. Province of Silesia. Grass, Barth and Comp., Breslau 1830, p. 404.
  6. ↑ District and rural community Langenau
  7. ↑ Ernst Lebrecht Traugott Pinzger: Brief history of the religious state of the Protestant inhabitants of Silesia, and especially of the united parishes of Langenau and Flachenseifen at their 50-year church jubilee. Hirschberg 1792, p. 17.
  8. ↑ Ernst Lebrecht Traugott Pinzger: Brief history of the religious state of the Protestant inhabitants of Silesia, and especially of the united parishes of Langenau and Flachenseifen at their 50-year church jubilee. Hirschberg 1792, p. 18.
  9. ↑ Johann Berg: The history of the violent removal of Protestant churches and church property in the principalities of Schweidnitz and Jauer during the seventeenth century. On commission from Carl Dülfer, Breslau 1854, p. 245.
  10. ↑ Brief history of the religious state of the Protestant inhabitants of Silesia, and especially of the united parishes of Langenau and Flachenseifen at their 50th church jubilee celebration, on May 6th 1792 as an unforgettable, grateful memory of their religious freedom, presented by their preacher Ernst Lebrecht Traugott Pinzger. Hirschberg 1792.