Rosenberg district in West Prussia

The Rosenberg district in West Prussia

West Prussia Province in 1919

Gdansk administrative district

Marienwerder administrative district

Location in the administrative district of West Prussia from 1920 to 1939

The Rosenberg district in West Prussia (abbreviated to Rosenberg i. Westpr. ) Was a Prussian district that existed from 1818 to 1945. The former district area is now in the Polish Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship .

history

The district area originally belonged to East Prussia . After West Prussia came to Prussia in the course of the first partition of Poland in 1772, the district was assigned to the newly created province of West Prussia as part of the then Marienwerder district . As part of a comprehensive district reform in the Marienwerder administrative district , the new Rosenberg district with the district town of Rosenberg (West Prussia) was formed on April 1, 1818 from the eastern part of the Marienwerder district . The district included the cities of Bischofswerder , Deutsch Eylau , Freystadt in West Prussia , Riesenburg and Rosenberg, the Riesenburg directorate and 97 noble estates.

From December 3, 1829 to April 1, 1878, West Prussia and East Prussia were united to form the Province of Prussia , which had belonged to the North German Confederation since July 1, 1867 and to the German Empire since January 1, 1871 .

With the entry into force of the Versailles Treaty on January 10, 1920, the establishment of the Polish Corridor on West Prussian territory and the associated dissolution of the Province of West Prussia, the district was temporarily subordinate to the Upper President in Königsberg. In preparation for the referendum on July 1, 1920 on the future membership of the district, the district area was subordinated to the Inter-Allied Commission for Government and Referendum in Marienwerder until August 16, 1920 . After the clear result of the referendum, the district remained with Germany. On July 1, 1922, the Marienwerder district was incorporated into the province of East Prussia . The Marienwerder administrative region was renamed the West Prussia administrative region for reasons of tradition .

On September 30, 1929, a territorial reform took place in the Marienwerder district in line with developments in the rest of Prussia, in which - with the exception of two uninhabited forest estate districts - all estate districts were dissolved and assigned to neighboring rural communities.

On January 1, 1939, the Rosenberg district was given the designation Landkreis in accordance with the now unified regulation . On October 26, 1939, the Rosenberg district became part of the newly formed Reichsgau West Prussia , which was renamed " Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia " on November 2, 1939 . The administrative district now again had the previous name “Marienwerder” , but was no longer part of the Free State of Prussia .

In January 1945 the district was occupied by the Red Army . In the summer of 1945, the district was placed under Polish administration by the Soviet occupying power in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement . As far as the German population had not fled, she was in the aftermath of the circle area sold .

population

The following is an overview according to number of inhabitants, denominations and language groups:

year	1821	1831	1852	1861	1871	1890	1900	1910	1925	1933	1939
Residents	28,058	31,335	43,222	46,535	51,637	49.001	52.001	54,550	58,629	60,079	61,439
Evangelical Catholics Jews	23,820 3,902 282	27,939 2,933 412	38,846 3,606 731	42,450 3,070 971	46 961 3678 931	42,753 5,400 695	44,494 6,767 588	46,060 7,862 414	52,469 5,501 360	53,806 5,839 241	53,999 5,989 39
German-speaking, bilingual, Polish -speaking		26,190 - 5,145	35,513 - 7,709	40,182 - 6,353		44,005 1,253 3,724	47,599 793 3,591	50,194 870 3,451

politics

District administrators

1818–1830 Karl von Besser00

1830–1844 Alfred von Auerswald (1797–1870)00

1845–1851 Rodrigo zu Dohna-Finckenstein (1815–1900)00

1851–1861 Werner von Gustedt (1813–1864)00

1861–1865 Siegfried von Brünneck-Bellschwitz (1814–1871)00

1865–1869 Karl von Portatius (1835–1877) ( acting )00

1869–1882 Magnus Roland von Brünneck00

1882–1904 Hans Albert von Auerswald00

1904–1920 Siegfried von Brünneck (1871–1927)00

1920 Hans Lorenz von Versen (1881–1931) ( acting )0000000

1920–1925 Ferdinand Friedensburg (1886–1972)00

1925–1935 Herbert Kleine (1887–1978)00

1935–1939 Wolfgang Born (1903–?)00

1939–1945 Wilhelm Pukall (1907–1986)00

elections

In the German Reich the circle Rosenberg formed together with the district Löbau the Reichstag constituency Kwidzyn 2 . The constituency was won by conservative candidates except for the elections of 1890 and 1893, in which the Polish candidate won.

1871 Rodrigo zu Dohna-Finckenstein , German Conservative Party00
187400 Rodrigo zu Dohna-Finckenstein, German Conservative Party
187700 Rodrigo zu Dohna-Finckenstein, German Conservative Party
187800 Rodrigo zu Dohna-Finckenstein, German Conservative Party
188100 Rodrigo zu Dohna-Finckenstein, German Conservative Party
188400 Rodrigo zu Dohna-Finckenstein, German Conservative Party
188700 Rodrigo zu Dohna-Finckenstein, German Conservative Party
1890 Theophil Rzepnikowski , Polish parliamentary group00
189300 Theophil Rzepnikowski, Polish parliamentary group
1898 Eckart von Bonin , Free Conservative Party00
1903 Julius Walzer , Free Conservative Party00

1907 Konrad Finck von Finckenstein , German Conservative Party00

1912 Johannes Zürn , Free Conservative Party00

Local constitution

The district of Rosenberg in West Prussia was divided into cities, rural communities and manor districts . With the introduction of the Prussian Municipal Constitutional Law of December 15, 1933 and the German Municipal Code of January 30, 1935, the leader principle was enforced at the municipal level on April 1, 1935 . A new district constitution was no longer created; The district regulations for the provinces of East and West Prussia, Brandenburg, Pomerania, Silesia and Saxony from March 19, 1881 continued to apply .

cities and communes

Cities and municipalities 1945

At the end of its existence in 1945, the district comprised five cities and 77 other municipalities:

Gut Langenau around 1860, Alexander Duncker collection

Bellschwitz estate around 1860, Alexander Duncker collection

Ruins of Finckenstein Castle (2010), preserved entrance gate

Finckenstein Castle, photograph before 1931

Bischofswerder , city
Bornitz
Buchfelde
Charlottenwerder
Dakau
Daul
German Eylau , city
Drulitten
Lazy
Finckenstein
Freiwalde
Freudenthal
Freystadt i. Western pr. , City
Frödenau
Goldau
Grieved
Big Babenz
Big Bellschwitz
Great Falkenau
Great Herzogswalde
Big Jauth
Great Nipkau
Gross Peterwitz
Great Plauth
Gross Rohdau
Groß Schönforst
Great very
Great strengths
Guhringen
Gulbias
Gunthen
Hansdorf
Harnau
Heinfriede
Heinrichau
Hochfelde (West Pr.)
Jacobsdorf
Jakobau
Kalitten
Carrash
Klein Albrechtau
Little Radem
Klein Schönforst
Small verys
Klein Tromnau
Konradswalde
Langenau
Languth
Laskowitz
Limbsee
Ludwigsdorf i. Western pr.
Luisenseegen
Melchertswalde
Monday
Mosgau
Neudorf
Neuguth
Peterkau
Rahnenberg
Raudnitz
Giant castle , city
Giant church
Giant forest
Rosenau
Rosenberg i. Western pr. , City
Red water
Schakenbruch
Schalkendorf
Scheipnitz
Schoenberg
Schönerswalde
Chimney mill
Sommerau
Sonnenberg i. Western pr.
Pole forest
stone
Stenkendorf
Stradem
Susannenthal
Tillwalde
Wachsmuth
Winkelsdorf

Communities dissolved before 1945

Bischdorf and Groß Ludwigsdorf, merged in 1928 to form the Ludwigsdorf community
Klein Steinersdorf, 1936 to Straden
Polken, moved to Klein Tromnau in 1936
Waldkathen, 1928 on the chimney mill
Wolfsdorf , 1934 to Tillwalde

Name changes

Borreck, renamed Hochfelde in 1928

Grasnitz, renamed Drulitten in 1938

Pillichowo, renamed Heinfriede in 1927

Sobiewolla (manor district), renamed Eigenwill in 1913

Stein-Caspendorf, renamed Stein in 1928

Marsh, 1928 renamed Kalittken , 1938 renamed Kalitten

Personalities

Emil von Behring , first winner of the Nobel Prize for Medicine, was born on March 15, 1854 in Hansdorf
Reich President and Field Marshal General Paul von Hindenburg , last resident at Gut Neudeck and died there on August 2, 1934
Louis Sauerhering , President of the Hanover Monastery Chamber, born on November 5, 1814 in Frödenau

literature

Gustav Neumann : Geography of the Prussian State. 2nd edition, Volume 2, Berlin 1874, pp. 49-50, item 3.
E. Jacobson: Topographical-statistical manual for the district of Marienwerder , Danzig 1868, pp. 114–125 .

Web links

Commons : Rosenberg district in West Prussia - collection of images, videos and audio files

District of Rosenberg i. Western pr. Administrative history and district list on the website territorial.de (Rolf Jehke), as of July 25, 2013.
District communities in 1910 with population figures
GenWiki: District of Rosenberg (West Prussia)

Individual evidence

^ Max Töppen: Historisch-Comparative Geographie von Preussen . Justus Perthes, Gotha 1858, p. 354 ( digitized version ).

↑ Leszek Belzyt: Linguistic minorities in the Prussian state from 1815 to 1914. Marburg 1998. p. 110

^ ^A ^b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Rosenberg district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).

↑ Database of members of the Reichstag ( memento of the original from January 6, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2

[1] Max Töppen: Historisch-Comparative Geographie von Preussen . Justus Perthes, Gotha 1858, p. 354 ( digitized version ).

[2] Leszek Belzyt: Linguistic minorities in the Prussian state from 1815 to 1914. Marburg 1998. p. 110

[demand-3] A ^b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Rosenberg district. Accessed September 2018(Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).