Danzig Lowlands district
The Danziger Niederung district was a district in the Danzig administrative district of the Prussian province of West Prussia from 1887 to 1920 . From 1920 to 1939 it existed as the Danziger Niederung district in the Free City of Danzig . Its territory is now in the Polish Pomeranian Voivodeship .
Administrative history
German Empire
Due to the continuous growth of the population in the 19th century, the areas of some districts in West Prussia turned out to be too large. It seemed necessary to reduce the size of the circles. As a result, on October 1, 1887, the new districts of Danziger Höhe and Danziger Niederung emerged in the area of the Danzig district , while the southern part of the Danzig district fell to the newly established Dirschau district .
The district comprised the Danziger Werder (also Little Werder) in the Vistula Delta and the western part of the Fresh Spit ( New Inner Spit ). The district offices for the two new Gdansk districts were set up in Gdansk . On November 15, the manor district Holm and on April 1, 1907, the municipality Troyl was incorporated into the urban district of Danzig. On April 1, 1914, the communities Heubude , Krakau and Weichselmünde and the Rieselfeld estate followed.
Free City of Gdansk
With the entry into force of the Versailles Treaty on January 10, 1920, the Danzig Lowlands fell to the newly formed Free City of Danzig . The district ceded the communities of Kahlberg , Narmeln , Neukrug and Vöglers located on the Fresh Spit to the district of Elbing , which remained in the German Empire . The municipalities of Güttland, Kriefkohl and Stüblau, east of the Dirschau – Hohenstein railway, came from the dissolved Dirschau district to the Danziger Niederung district. Since then, the district has been called the Danziger Niederung district in accordance with the new Danzig constitution .
On December 24, 1920, the northeast border of the Free City of Danzig was changed in favor of the German Reich in such a way that the rural community of Pröbbernau also fell from the Danziger Niederung district to the Elbing district. As in the German Reich (Prussia), a territorial reform took place on October 1, 1929, in which all manor districts were dissolved except for the Steegen forest estate and assigned to neighboring rural communities. On August 15, 1933, the communities Bürgerwiesen, Groß Walddorf and Klein Walddorf from the Danziger Niederung district were incorporated into the Danzig district.
National Socialist Period
After the invasion of Poland , the area of the Free City of Danzig was annexed by the German Reich in violation of international law on September 1, 1939. On October 1, 1939, the part of the Danziger Niederung district east of the Vistula was merged with the Großes Werder district , and on December 1, 1939, the remaining part of the Danzig Niederung district was incorporated into the newly formed Gdansk district.
In the far north-east of the Danziger Niederung district, the Stutthof concentration camp was built from September 1, 1939 and operated until 1945. At least 110,000 people in total were imprisoned in this concentration camp, of whom approximately 65,000 were killed.
In spring 1945 the former district was occupied by the Red Army and has belonged to Poland ever since.
District administrators
- 1887: Archibald von Gramatzki (1837–1913)
- 1895–1919: Brandt
- 1921–1934: Paul Walzer (1879–1936)
- 1934–1939: Erwin Johst (1909–1956)
population
Population development
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Denominations
| year | evangelical | Catholic | Jewish | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| absolutely | % | absolutely | % | absolutely | % | |
| 1890 | 29,478 | 86.6 | 4.138 | 12.2 | 69 | 0.2 |
| 1910 | 31,352 | 86.3 | 4,481 | 12.3 | 32 | 0.1 |
Communities
As of 1939
The Danziger Niederung district in the Free City of Danzig comprised the following rural communities at the end of its existence in 1939:
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The Steegen forest estate also belonged to the district.
Parishes that left before 1939
- Bürgerwiesen , part of the Gdansk district in 1933
- Groß Walddorf , part of the urban district of Danzig in 1933
- Heubude , 1914 to the urban district of Danzig
- Kahlberg , 1920 to the district of Elbing
- Klein Walddorf , part of the Gdansk district in 1933
- Krakow , part of the Gdansk district in 1914
- Narmeln , 1920 to the district of Elbing
- Neukrug, 1920 to the district of Elbing
- Pröbbernau, 1920 to the district of Elbing
- Troyl , 1907 to the urban district of Danzig
- Vöglers, 1920 to the district of Elbing
- Weichselmünde , 1914 to the urban district of Danzig
literature
- State Statistical Office of the Free City: State Manual of the Free City of Gdansk. Edition 1926 , Danzig 1926, pp. 90, 363 ff.
Web links
- Administrative history of the Danziger Niederung district
- District of Danziger Niederung Administrative history and district list on the website territorial.de (Rolf Jehke), as of July 16, 2013.
Individual evidence
- ↑ www.gemeindeververzeichnis.de: District of Danziger Niederung
- ↑ www.territorial.de: District of Danziger Niederung 1939
Administrative districts: Gdansk | Marienwerder
Districts: Gdansk | Elbing | Graudenz | Thorn
Counties: Berent | Briesen | Gdansk | Danzig Heights | Danzig Lowlands | German crown | Dirschau | Elbing | Flatow | Graudenz | Karthaus | Konitz | Kulm | Löbau | Marienburg | Marienwerder | Neustadt i. Western pr. | Prussian Stargard | Cute | Rosenberg i. Western pr. | Schlochau | Schwetz | Strasburg i. Western pr. | Stuhm | Thorn | Tuchel