Nowa Wieś Przywidzka
| Nowa Wieś Przywidzka | |||
|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||
| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Pomerania | ||
| Powiat : | Gdański | ||
| Gmina : | Przywidz | ||
| Geographic location : | 54 ° 14 ' N , 18 ° 16' E | ||
| Residents : | 395 (March 31, 2011) | ||
| Postal code : | 83-047 | ||
| License plate : | GDA | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Next international airport : | Gdansk Airport | ||
Nowa Wieś Przywidzka (German: Neuendorf , from 1920 Hochneuendorf ; Kashubian Przëwidzkô Nowô Wies ) is a village in the rural municipality of Przywidz in the powiat Gdański of the Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland . It is located in Kashubian Switzerland .
geography
Nowa Wieś is located about 8 km east of Wieżyca ( Tower Hill ). It lies on a terminal moraine at an average height of 240 m.
history
The place was founded between 1570 and 1600 as Nowa Wieś ( New Village ). It already exists in 1604, but not yet according to a tax list from 1570. The area then belonged to Polish Prussia and was administered from the Starostei Schöneck . German settlers from Pomerania were settled here. Before that there were already a few ash burners , charcoal burners and glassmakers living in the surrounding forests . Otherwise this higher forest area was not inhabited until then.
In the first decades after its foundation, Neuendorf suffered from the Polish-Swedish War (1629) and the Second Northern War (1655). In 1664 it is reported that two of the former four farming families live on four properties. The population halved as a result of the wars.
Until 1772 and in the years before that, the Kashubian aristocratic family 'von Lewinski' was the tenant of the place. At that time there were eleven families living in the village, all of whom were exclusively Protestants. In that year the area around Neuendorf came to the Kingdom of Prussia in the course of the first partition of Poland . The lease of the 'von Lewinski' family ended and the place became a 'royal village' of the Schöneck domain office. A Michael Koschnitzke settled here with his sons and became a village mayor. From 1818 Neuendorf belonged to the Prussian district of Karthaus in the administrative district of Danzig ( West Prussia province ).
In 1820 63 people lived in the village and only in the following years did the first Catholics move in. However, according to the family name, it was Catholic Germans and not Catholic Kashubians . The Protestant residents went to church in Schönberg (today: Szymbark ) and Rheinfeld during these years . In the 17th century Gorrenschin was the responsible parish, but today there is a separate church in Nowa Wieś. In 1864 the population already exceeded 350 people.
Around 1868 there was already a school in the village. Since the introduction of compulsory schooling, the children from Neuendorf have gone to the neighboring village of Kamehlen, where there was a school as early as 1800. In 1871 Neuendorf came to Germany as part of Prussia . In 1886 there were around 30 farming families in the village.
In 1914 Neuendorf took in ten families who had fled East Prussia since the Russian army invaded there. Thirty residents of Neuendorf took part in the First World War.
One and a half years after the First World War, in January 1920 Neuendorf changed under the provisions of the Versailles Treaty to Danziger Höhe and with that from 1920 to 1939 to mandate Gdansk League of Nations. The place name was changed to Hohenneuendorf. In 1939, in an act not recognized by international law , the Third Reich annexed the mandate area and incorporated it into the newly established Gdansk West Prussia , to which Mariensee belonged as part of the new district of Gdansk until the end of World War II . Until 1945, most of Neuendorf's buildings were half-timbered and thatched.
Towards the end of the Second World War, the region was occupied by the Red Army in the spring of 1945 . On March 10, 1945, the Red Army arrested some villagers for deportation to the Soviet Union, of which only a small number returned. In the summer of 1945, in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement , the Soviet occupying power handed over the village together with all of West Prussia, all of Western Pomerania and the southern half of East Prussia to Polish administration. The Polish place name Nowa Wieś Przywidzka was introduced for Hohenneuendorf . As far as the inhabitants of German ethnicity had not fled, they were in the aftermath largely of Nowa Wieś Przywidzka sold .
Etymology of the place name
1664 Nowa Wies 1772 Neudorf, after 1920 Neuendorf (Höhe), since 1945 Nowa Wieś Przywidzka. At the end of 1939, the two districts of Danziger Höhe and Danziger Niederung were combined in the district of Danzig. To distinguish between several different Neuendorfs, the place was called Hochneuendorf from 1942 onwards. In the dialect of the German residents, the Höhen-Platt, the locals called their place Nijedärp until 1945 .
literature
- Ernst Bahr: Hochneuendorf district of Danziger Höhe: from the history of an East German rural community. Marburg 1960.
- John Muhl: History of the Villages on the Danziger Höhe, Danzig 1938.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ CIS 2011: Ludność w miejscowościach statystycznych według ekonomicznych grup wieku (Polish), March 31, 2011, accessed on June 27, 2017
- ↑ Ernst Bahr: High Neuendorf Danziger Höhe: from the story of an East German rural community of Marburg, 1960