Tuchel District

The Tuchel district was a Prussian district that existed from 1875 to 1920. It was located in the part of West Prussia that fell to Poland after the First World War through the Treaty of Versailles in 1920 . Its county seat was Tuchel . From 1939 to 1945 the district was re-established in Poland occupied by the Nazi regime under the name Landkreis Tuchel as part of the newly established Reichsgau Gdansk-West Prussia . Today the former district area is in the Polish Pomeranian Voivodeship .

Tuchel district on a map from 1915

West Prussia Province in 1919

Gdansk administrative district

Marienwerder administrative district

Administrative history

The area of ​​the Tuchel district came to Prussia through the first division of Poland in 1772 and has belonged to the Konitz district ever since . The Prussian provincial authorities ordinance of April 30, 1815 and its implementing provisions made the area part of the new administrative district of Marienwerder of the new province of West Prussia . From December 3, 1829 to April 1, 1878, West Prussia and East Prussia were united to form the Province of Prussia , which had belonged to the North German Confederation since July 1, 1867 and to the German Empire since January 1, 1871 .

Due to the steady increase in the population in the 19th century, several districts in West Prussia turned out to be too large and a reduction in size appeared necessary. Against this background, the new Tuchel district was created in 1875 from parts of the Konitz district . The district office was set up in the city of Tuchel. In 1878 the province of Prussia was divided into the provinces of East Prussia and West Prussia; from then on the circle belonged to the latter. On April 1, 1882, the rural communities Gotthelp and Pustki were reclassified from the Preußisch Stargard district to the Konitz district.

Due to the provisions of the Versailles Treaty , the district had to be ceded to Poland on January 10, 1920 for the purpose of establishing the Polish Corridor . Here the district continued to exist as Powiat Tucholski ( Tuchel District ).

After the invasion of Poland and the annexation of the territory by the German Reich, the district was assigned to the administrative district of Bromberg in the newly formed Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia on November 26, 1939 as the district of Konitz . After the occupation by the Red Army in the spring of 1945 , the Konitz district reverted to Poland.

population

The following is an overview with official information on the number of inhabitants, denominations and language groups:

year	1890	1900	1910
Residents	27,646	29,282	33,951
Evangelical Catholics Jews	5,928 21,041 674	5,596 23,189 496	7,085 26,498 338
German-speaking, bilingual, Polish -speaking	10,006 468 17,167	9,806 710 18,762	11,265 409 22,247

politics

District administrators

• 1874-1878 00Tortilowicz
• 1879–1885 Ludwig Blümke (1849–1929)00
• 1885–1891 Clemens von Delbrück (1856–1921)00
• 1891–1895 Ernst Reinhold Gerhard von Glasenapp (1861–1928)00
• 1895–1904 Emil Venske00
• 1904–1914 Richard von Puttkamer (1867–1953)00
• 1914–1919 Hugo Tortilowicz von Batocki-Friebe (1878–1920)00

Local constitution

The Konitz district was divided into the town of Tuchel, rural communities and independent manor districts .

elections

In the German Empire, the Tuchel district together with the Konitz district formed the Reichstag constituency of Marienwerder 6 . This constituency was won by candidates from the Polish parliamentary group in all elections to the Reichstag between 1871 and 1912 .

cities and communes

In 1912, the Tuchel district comprised the town of the same name and 54 rural communities:

Alt Summin Bagnitz Bialla Bladau Brohse Drausnitz Dzeks Glowka Big Bislaw Great Budzisk Great Gatzno Large mangle mill Gross Schliewitz Hoheneiben

Iwitz Jablonka Jehlenz Kamionka Kamnitz Kelpin Little Bislaw Little Gatzno Small clonia Small mangle mill Klein Schliewitz Klonowo Klotzek Koslinka

Krong Krummstadt Liebenau Lissinni Luboczyn Minikowo New Summin New Tuchel Nikolaiken Okiersk Okonin at the forest Ostrowo Pantau Petztin

Plassowo Polish Cekzin Puff Przyrowo Reetz Rosochatka Repnitz Sehlen Sluppi Stobno Trutnowo Tuchel , city Forced break

The district also included 31 manor districts.

The district of Tuchel in occupied Poland 1939–1945

Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia (August 1943)

Administrative history

After the German invasion of Poland , the district became part of the newly formed Reichsgau West Prussia - later Danzig-West Prussia - in the new administrative district of Bromberg . The city of Tuchel was subject to the German municipal code of January 30, 1935, which was valid in the Altreich and provided for the implementation of the Führer principle at the municipal level. The other communities were grouped together in administrative districts, manor districts no longer existed.

District Administrator

• 1940–1945 Udo Sachse

Place names

Due to an unpublished decree of December 29, 1939, the previous Polish place names continued to apply.

With the "Order concerning the change of place names" of the Reich Governor in Danzig-West Prussia of June 25, 1942, all place names were Germanized with the consent of the Reich Minister of the Interior. These were all new names; H. a phonetic adaptation or translation, for example:

• Bralewitz → Wilhelmsflur
• Drausnitz → Drausnest
• Groß Bislaw → Bislau
• Large Klonia → Klehnboden
• Great Komorze → Forest Chamber
• Kamionka → Heidefließ
• Klein Bislaw → Bislauheim
• Lubotschin → Laub, Tucheler Heide
• Przyrowo → Christinenfelde
• Stobno → Stöbensee

Web links

• County of Tuchel Administrative history and list of the district administrators on the website territorial.de (Rolf Jehke), as of July 16, 2013.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Leszek Belzyt: Linguistic minorities in the Prussian state from 1815 to 1914. Marburg 1998. p. 107.
2. ↑ Municipal directory 1910 with population figures