Biskupiec (Powiat Nowomiejski)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Biskupiec
Coat of arms of Gmina Biskupiec
Biskupiec (Poland)
Biskupiec
Biskupiec
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Warmia-Masuria
Powiat : Nowomiejski
Gmina : Biskupiec
Geographic location : 53 ° 30 '  N , 19 ° 21'  E Coordinates: 53 ° 30 '2 "  N , 19 ° 21' 2"  E
Residents : 1913 (2010)
Postal code : 13-340
Telephone code : (+48) 56
License plate : NNM
Economy and Transport
Rail route : Toruń – Iława



Biskupiec ( German : Bischofswerder ) is a place in the powiat Nowomiejski of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship in Poland . The place is the seat of the rural community of the same name .

The Polish name of the nearby town of Bischofsburg in historic East Prussia is also Biskupiec . To distinguish the local place is often called Biskupiec Pomorski , which is the Polish name of the railway station in Bielice on the Toruń – Korsze railway line .

location

The village is located in the northeast of the historic Kulmerland on the right bank of the Osa (Ossa) at a height of 80 m above sea level, about 23 km south of Susz (Rosenberg) and 38 km southeast of Kwidzyn (Marienwerder) .

history

Church of St. Johannes Nepomuk
City villa from the 19th century on Graudenzer Straße: as it was in 1974 (upper half of the picture) and after the restoration (lower half of the picture, photo 2012)

The village of Bischofswerder was founded in 1325 by Bishop Rudolph von Pomesanien , which explains its name; in 1331 it received city rights from him and the chapter of his church.

After the fire of 1726, the city was rebuilt by Friedrich Wilhelm I at state expense. Brick half-timbering was used for the new buildings; all of the houses were roofed with tiles .

At the beginning of the 20th century there was a Protestant church, a Catholic church and a synagogue, a hospital, machine and cloth factories and a district savings bank. The population was predominantly Protestant.

Bischofswerder in County Rosenberg , marienwerder , belonged until the end of the First World War to West Prussia . On the basis of the provisions of the Versailles Treaty , the population in the Marienwerder voting area , to which Bischofswerder belonged, voted on July 11, 1920 on whether they would continue to belong to East Prussia (and thus to Germany) or join Poland. In Bischofswerder, 1,270 people voted to remain with East Prussia, while Poland had 227 votes. The West Prussian Bischofswerder then came to the province of East Prussia on July 1, 1922 . The Ossa formed the border with the Polish Corridor . After the annexation of the corridor area into the Reich area in violation of international law as a result of the attack on Poland in 1939, the Rosenberg district with Bischofswerder belonged to the Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia .

Towards the end of the Second World War , the region was occupied by the Red Army after fighting with the German Wehrmacht . After the end of the war, in the summer of 1945, Bischofswerder was placed under Polish administration by the Soviet occupying power in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement, along with all of West Prussia and the southern half of East Prussia . Had not fled as far as the German citizens, they were in the aftermath of Bischofswerder sold .

The Polish place name Biskupiec was introduced for Bischofswerder ; the village lost its town charter in 1946.

Population development until 1945
year Residents Remarks
1543 0350
1740 0278
1785 0919 with the garrison (89 people, a squadron of Dragoons ), mostly Protestants, residents speak German and Polish
1801 1,133
1816 1,078
1831 1,029 German residents
1840 1,895
1871 2,081 including 1,709 Evangelicals and 220 Catholics
1885 1,948
1900 2,048 mostly evangelicals
1905 2,060 including 616 Catholics and 95 Jews.
1933 1,792
1939 1,821
1943 1,975
Population since 1945
year Residents Remarks
2011 1.913

local community

The rural community of Biskupiec includes 25 districts with a Schulzenamt. The area of ​​the Gmina covers 241 km².

traffic

The village is connected to the transport network via the overland road 538.

and display information about the image
Scenic surroundings of the village

Sons of the place

literature

Web links

Commons : Biskupiec  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Bischoffswerder in the Topographia Electoratus Brandenburgici et Ducatus Pomeraniae (Matthäus Merian)  - sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Główny Urząd Statystyczny, Portret miejscowości statystycznych w gminie Biskupiec (powiat nowomiejski, województwo warmińsko-mazurskie) w 2010 r. Online query
  2. ^ A b c Johann Friedrich Goldbeck : Complete topography of the Kingdom of Prussia . Volume 2: Topography of West Prussia. Marienwerder 1789, pp. 8–9, no. 5.
  3. ^ Heinrich Gottfried Philipp Gengler : Regesta and documents on the constitutional and legal history of German cities in the Middle Ages. Erlangen 1863, pp. 233-234.
  4. ↑ a b Meyer's Large Conversation Lexicon . 6th edition, Volume 2, Leipzig / Vienna 1905, p. 906.
  5. ↑ Herbert Marzian , Csaba Kenez : Self-determination for East Germany - A documentation on the 50th anniversary of the East and West Prussian referendum on July 11, 1920. Editor: Göttinger Arbeitskreis , 1970, p. 120.
  6. ↑ a b c d e f Ernst Bahr: Bischofswerder . In: Erich Weise (Hrsg.): Handbook of historical sites . Volume: East and West Prussia (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 317). Unchanged reprint of the 1st edition 1966. Kröner, Stuttgart 1981, ISBN 3-520-31701-X , p. 20.
  7. ^ A b Gustav Neumann: Geography of the Prussian State . 2nd edition, Volume 2, Berlin 1874, pp. 49-50, item 3.
  8. ^ August Eduard Preuss : Prussian country and folklore . Königsberg 1835, p. 439, no. 52.
  9. ^ A b c Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Rosenberg district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). (2006).