Braunsberg district

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coat of arms Germany map
? Location of the district of Braunsberg in Germany in 1944/45
Basic data (status approx. 1945)
Existing period: 1818 - 1945
Country : Free State of Prussia
Province : East Prussia
Administrative region : Koenigsberg
Administrative headquarters : Braunsberg
Surface: 946.86 km²
Residents : 62,317 (May 17, 1939)
Population density : 65.8 inhabitants per km²
License plate : IC
1953 planned: BBG
Circle structure: 96 municipalities
1 manor district
in 20 administrative districts
Location of the circle
Location of the district

The Braunsberg district was a district in the former East Prussia , which existed between 1818 and 1945.

geography

The Braunsberg district encompassed northern Warmia and bordered on the north-west of the fresh lagoon . The river Passarge , which flows into the fresh lagoon within the district area, formed the southwestern boundary of the district of Prussian Holland .

Administrative history

Kingdom of Prussia

By the Prussian administrative reforms which originated with the February 1, 1818 Circle Braunsberg in Administrative district Königsberg . This included the parishes : Bludau, Braunsberg, Frauenburg, Frauendorf, Groß Rautenberg, Heinrikau, Langwalde, Layß, Lichtenau, Mehlsack, Migehnen, Peterswalde bei Mehlsack, Plaßwich, Plauten, Schalmey, Tolksdorf, Wusen.

The district office was located in Braunsberg .

As early as April 1, 1819, the following changes were made to the district boundaries:

  • Incorporation of the Frauendorf parish from the Braunsberg district into the Heilsberg district ,
  • Incorporation of the parish of Wormditt from the Heilsberg district into the Braunsberg district.

Since December 3, 1829, the district - after the merger of the previous provinces of Prussia and West Prussia - belonged to the new province of Prussia with the seat in Königsberg i. Pr.

North German Confederation and German Empire

Since July 1, 1867, the district belonged to the North German Confederation and from January 1, 1871 to the German Empire . After the division of the province of Prussia into the new provinces of East Prussia and West Prussia, the Braunsberg district became part of East Prussia on April 1, 1878.

On September 30, 1929, a territorial reform took place in the Braunsberg district, as in the rest of Prussia, in which all previously independent manor districts were dissolved except for their share in the Frischen Haff and assigned to neighboring rural communities.

Because it belonged to the Diocese of Warmia , the district had a predominantly Catholic population; the Center Party won an absolute majority in the elections up to 1933 .

In the spring of 1945 the district was occupied by the Red Army . In the summer of 1945, the district was placed under Polish administration by the Soviet occupying power in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement . The Polish name Braniewo was introduced for the district . Today's powiat Braniewski ( Braunsberger Kreis ) with the district town of Braniewo is not identical to the former Braunsberg district, as Wormditt ( Orneta ) and its surroundings were spun off into the powiat Lidzbarski ( Heilsberger Kreis ), while the southern part of the former Heiligenbeil district was incorporated has been. Unless the German residents of the district had fled, most of them were expelled by the local Polish administrative authorities after the end of the war .

Local constitution

The Braunsberg district was divided into town communities, rural communities and - until their complete elimination - in independent manor districts.

With the introduction of the Prussian Municipal Constitution Act of December 15, 1933, there was a uniform municipal constitution for all municipalities from January 1, 1934. The previous municipalities Braunsberg (Ostpr.), Frauenburg, Mehlsack and Wormditt now carried the name city .

With the introduction of the German Municipal Code of January 30, 1935, the municipal constitution valid in the German Reich came into force on April 1, 1935, according to which the previous rural municipalities were now referred to as municipalities . These were grouped together in administrative districts .

A new district constitution was no longer created; The district regulations for the provinces of East and West Prussia, Brandenburg, Pomerania, Silesia and Saxony from March 19, 1881 continued to apply .

District administrators

cities and communes

Administrative structure 1945

On January 1, 1945, the Braunsberg district consisted of 96 municipalities, including the towns of Braunsberg (Ostpr.) , Frauenburg , Mehlsack and Wormditt as well as a manor district (share of Frisches Haff):

Districts and municipalities Population (1939)
City of Braunsberg (East Pr.)  
1. Braunsberg (Ostpr.), City 21,142
City of Frauenburg  
1. Frauenburg, city 2,981
City flour sack  
1. Flour sack, city 4,394
City of Wormditt  
1. Wormditt, city 7,817
Basien District  
1. Basien 973
2. Stegmannsdorf 209
3. Wusen 831
Betkendorf district  
1. Betkendorf 217
2. Drewsdorf 93
3. Kreutzdorf 168
4. Schafsberg 102
District of Frisches Haff  
1. Fresh lagoon, part of the district of Braunsberg (Ostpr.) 0
Heinrikau district  
1. Heinrikau 798
2. Kleefeld 250
3. Comaines 161
4. Neuhof 282
Karben District  
1. Karben 122
2. Open 695
3. Thalbach 390
Klenau district  
1. Huntenberg 107
2. Klenau 177
3. New Passarge 429
4. Stangendorf 162
5. Willenberg 148
Langwalde district  
1. Thoughts 173
2. Klingenberg 294
3. Langwalde 588
4. Packhausen 318
5. Podlechen 172
6. Rawusen 132
7. Clouds 71
Less administrative district  
1. Layß 500
2. Rosengarth 324
3. Sonnwalde 545
Lichtenau district  
1. Eschenau 193
2. Lichtenau 588
3. Liebenthal 180
4. Lotterbach 209
Migehnen District  
1. Bürgerwalde 315
2. Cashews 323
3. Migraines 891
4. Millenberg 292
Peterswalde district  
1. Engelswalde 205
2. Gauden 75
3. Cherry rails 182
4. Lilienthal 275
5. Peterswalde 399
6. Rosenwalde 116
Plaßwich District  
1. Deed 128
2. Liebenau 150
3. Pilgram village 124
4. Plaßwich 670
5. Straubendorf 117
Plauten district  
1. Glanden 88
2. Lotterfeld 222
3. Paulen 227
4. Chatting 310
5. Schönsee 190
6. Seefeld 198
7. Ibexes 100
8. Wobble 197
Rautenberg district  
1. Alt Munsterberg 150
2. Bludau 381
3. Gross Rautenberg 490
4. Heinrichsdorf 199
5. Karschau 210
6. Klein-Rautenberg 117
7. Kurau 392
8. Forty hats 259
Schalmey district  
1. Grunenberg 97
2. Mertensdorf 212
3. Schalmey 362
4. Schondamerau 598
5. Schwillgarben 143
District of Schillgehnen  
1. Regitten 435
2. Schillgehnen 330
3. Zagern 156
Tiedmannsdorf district  
1. Fehlau 71
2. Parlack 149
3. Pettelkau 488
4. Tiedmannsdorf 795
Tolksdorf district  
1. Blumberg 121
2. Gayl 164
3. Hogendorf 274
4. Schönau 117
5. Tolksdorf 474
Tüngen district  
1. Krickhausen 285
2. Dyeing 423
3. Dare 341
Woynitt District  
1. Agstein 92
2. Boring 272
3. Borwalde 71
4. Heister 235
5. Light forest 149
6. Sun field 140
7. Sugnienes 256
8. Woynitt 141

Population development

  • 1871: 52.456
  • 1885: 53.469
  • 1933: 56.493
  • 1939: 62.342

Personalities

literature

Web links

Commons : Landkreis Braunsberg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
  • Braunsberg district (Ostpr.) Administrative history and the district administrators on the website territorial.de (Rolf Jehke), as of October 26, 2013.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ R. Zilch, B. Holtz (edit.): The protocols of the Prussian State Ministry 1817–1934 / 38. Vol. 12 / II. In: Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences (Hrsg.): Acta Borussica . New episode. Olms-Weidmann, Hildesheim 2003, p. 705. ( Online ; PDF 2.2 MB)
  2. ^ Community encyclopedia for the Free State of Prussia, Volume 1: Province of East Prussia, Berlin 1931
  3. ^ Official directory of the German Reich 1939, 2nd edition 1941
  4. ^ Official directory of the German Reich 1939, 2nd edition 1941
  5. ↑ Allgäuer Zeitung: "A restless march was my life". March 9, 2019, accessed April 14, 2019 .