Johannes von Hieber

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Johannes Hieber as a member of the Reichstag, around 1900
Johannes von Hieber (1926) on a portrait drawing by Emil Stumpp

Johannes Hieber , von Hieber since 1910 , (born June 25, 1862 in Waldhausen , † November 7, 1951 in Uhingen ) was a liberal politician and President of Württemberg .

Life

John Hieber studied from 1880 to 1885 philosophy and Protestant theology in the Protestant Foundation in Tübingen and received his doctorate in 1885 at the University of Tübingen Dr. phil. In 1880 he became a member of the Normannia zu Tübingen association . After working as a vicar in different places and a study trip to northern Germany, he worked as a Protestant pastor in Tuttlingen from 1890 to 1892 . In 1892 he became a professor of religious education and philosophy at the Karls-Gymnasium in Stuttgart , where he also taught Hebrew until 1910 . In 1910 he became director of the Royal Württemberg Evangelical High School Authority.

politics

Johannes Hieber belonged to the German party from 1895 . From 1898 to 1910 he was a member of the Reichstag in Berlin. With his Reichstag mandate, he represented the constituency of Württemberg 2 ( Cannstatt , Ludwigsburg , Marbach , Waiblingen ). Because of his appointment as government director, he had to resign in 1910. From 1900 to 1910 and again from 1912 to 1932 he was also a member of the Württemberg state parliament in Stuttgart. Hieber was more likely to belong to the left spectrum of the National Liberals. As a member of the Reichstag , he maintained a trusting relationship with Ernst Bassermann . Hieber was a monarchist and convinced that the war in 1914 had been forced upon the German Reich by its enemies. That is why he unreservedly supported the German war effort until the defeat in autumn 1918. Probably out of deep disappointment at the destroyed trust in the Supreme Army Command and in Kaiser Wilhelm II , he became a founding member of the left-liberal DDP in 1919 , whose Württemberg regional association was in the tradition of the Democratic People's Party . In the last government of the Württemberg King Wilhelm II and in the cabinet of the first President Wilhelm Blos formed in 1919 , Hieber took over a ministerial office.

From 1920 to 1924, as the successor to the Social Democrat Blos, Hieber was also second on the list of Presidents of Württemberg and head of a government made up of members of the Catholic Center Party and Hieber's Democratic Party. Hieber ruled with a weak majority in particularly turbulent and difficult times (post-war period, consequences of the Versailles Treaty , reparations , economic difficulties, criticism of Weimar democracy and democracy in general, putsch and political murders, inflation ). The Hieber government failed in the spring of 1924 because the Württemberg state parliament did not approve the submission of a comprehensive administrative reform . Only the abolition of four the upper authorities parent circles succeeded, but not the proposed drastic reduction in the number of top posts themselves. Hiebers was succeeded as provisional president on April 8, 1924 Edmund Rau , who but only until the election of a successor to the state elections on 4 May 1924 should officiate.

Johannes von Hieber left a lasting trace in the political history of Württemberg at least by buying the Reitzenstein villa near Stuttgart from Helene Baroness von Reitzenstein for the state in 1922 ; the Villa Reitzenstein is today the seat of the State Ministry and the Prime Minister of Baden-Württemberg .

family

Hieber was the only son of the married couple Margarethe Hieber nee. Kellenbenz (1823–1888) and Johannes Hieber (1802–1886), who was a farmer and Protestant parish councilor in Waldhausen. Hieber married Mathilde Auguste Schmid (1871–1946) in 1890, with whom he had three sons and three daughters. Two of his sons died on the Western Front in World War I, the third son, Walter Hieber (1895–1976), taught inorganic chemistry at the TH Munich .

Johannes von Hieber was buried in the forest cemetery in Stuttgart-Degerloch .

Honors

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Carl-Wilhelm Reibel: Handbook of the Reichstag elections 1890-1918. Alliances, results, candidates. (= Handbooks on the history of parliamentarism and political parties. Volume 15). Second half volume. Droste Verlag, Düsseldorf 2007, pp. 1207-1210.

literature

  • Helge Dvorak: Biographical Lexicon of the German Burschenschaft. Volume I: Politicians. Sub-Volume 2: F-H. Winter, Heidelberg 1999, ISBN 3-8253-0809-X , pp. 328-329.
  • Kurt Gayer, Heinz Krämer: The Villa Reitzenstein and its masters. The history of the Baden-Württemberg seat of government. DRW-Verlag, Stuttgart 1988, ISBN 3-87181-257-9 .
  • Eckhard Hansen, Florian Tennstedt (Eds.) U. a .: Biographical lexicon on the history of German social policy from 1871 to 1945 . Volume 1: Social politicians in the German Empire 1871 to 1918. Kassel University Press, Kassel 2010, ISBN 978-3-86219-038-6 , pp. 73 f29. ( Online , PDF; 2.2 MB).
  • Joseph Müller: A great Remstäler: President Johannes Hieber. In: unicorn. Illustrated magazine to cultivate the idea of ​​home and to promote tourism in the city and district of Schwäbisch Gmünd. No. 21, February 1957, pp. 38f.
  • Frank Raberg : Biographical handbook of the Württemberg state parliament members 1815-1933 . On behalf of the Commission for Historical Regional Studies in Baden-Württemberg. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-17-016604-2 , p. 354 .

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Hieber, Johannes von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hieber, Johannes
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German politician (DP, DDP), Member of the Parliament and President of Württemberg
DATE OF BIRTH June 25, 1862
PLACE OF BIRTH Waldhausen
DATE OF DEATH November 7, 1951
Place of death Uhingen