Heilsberg district

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Basic data (status approx. 1945)
Existing period: 1818 - 1945
Country : Free State of Prussia
Province : East Prussia
Administrative region : Koenigsberg
Administrative headquarters : Heilsberg
Residents : 55,057 (1939)
License plate : IC
1953 planned: HBG
Circle structure: 2 cities
104 municipalities
1 manor district

The Heilsberg district was a district in East Prussia and existed as a Prussian-German district from 1818 to 1945.

On January 1, 1945, the Heilsberg district comprised:

  • the two cities of Heilsberg and Guttstadt
  • as well as 104 other municipalities with fewer than 2000 inhabitants
  • and a manor district (forest).

Because it belonged to the Diocese of Warmia , the district had a predominantly Catholic population; the Center Party won an absolute majority in the elections up to 1933 .

Administrative history

Kingdom of Prussia

With the Prussian administrative reforms after the Congress of Vienna , the district of Heilsberg was created on February 1, 1818 in the administrative district of Königsberg in the province of East Prussia . This included the parishes:

The district office was in Heilsberg.

As early as April 1, 1819, the district boundaries were significantly changed:

  • Incorporation of the Frauendorf parish from the Braunsberg district into the Heilsberg district ,
  • Incorporation of the parish of Wormditt from the Heilsberg district into the Braunsberg district.

In 1829 the district - after the merger of the previous provinces of Prussia and West Prussia - belonged to the new province of Prussia with its seat in Königsberg i. Pr.

North German Confederation and German Empire

Since July 1, 1867, the district belonged to the North German Confederation and from January 1, 1871 to the German Empire . After the division of the province of Prussia into the new provinces of East Prussia and West Prussia, the Heilsberg district became part of East Prussia on April 1, 1878.

The district office, which had been in Guttstadt for some time, was moved back to Heilsberg on October 1, 1896.

On September 30, 1929, a regional reform took place in the Heilsberg district in line with developments in the rest of Prussia, in which almost all previously independent manor districts were dissolved and assigned to neighboring rural communities.

After the Second World War

In the spring of 1945 the district was occupied by the Red Army . In the summer of 1945, the district was placed under Polish administration by the Soviet occupying power in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement . In the following years, the long-established German population of the county area was almost completely out of the circle area sold .

In 1999, today's Powiat Lidzbarski ( Heilsberger Kreis ) was set up with changed borders.

District administrators

Local constitution

The Heilsberg district was initially divided into town communities, rural communities and - until they were almost completely eliminated - in independent manor districts.

With the introduction of the Prussian Municipal Constitution Act of December 15, 1933, there was a uniform municipal constitution for all municipalities from January 1, 1934. The previous municipalities of Guttstadt and Heilsberg now carried the name city .

With the introduction of the German Municipal Code of January 30, 1935, the municipal constitution valid in the German Reich came into force on April 1, 1935, according to which the previous rural municipalities were now referred to as municipalities . These were grouped together in administrative districts .

A new district constitution was no longer created; The district regulations for the provinces of East and West Prussia, Brandenburg, Pomerania, Silesia and Saxony from March 19, 1881 continued to apply .

Personalities

  • Dietrich Borm (born October 13, 1928 in Elditten; † March 9, 2018 in Hildesheim), surgeon in Kiel and Hildesheim
  • Bernhard Buchholz (born August 19, 1870 in Knopen, † June 20, 1954 in Amberg), politician (center)
  • Adolf Poschmann (born January 2, 1885 in Neuendorf; † December 24, 1977 in Münster), pedagogue, local history researcher and non-fiction author.
  • Georg Sterzinsky (born February 9, 1936 in Warlack; † June 30, 2011 in Berlin), Archbishop of Berlin

literature

Web links

  • Heilsberg district administrative history and district council list on the website territorial.de (Rolf Jehke), as of July 6, 2013.