Karl Grillenberger

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Karl Grillenberger
Grave with bust of Karl Grillenberger in the Nuremberg West Cemetery

Karl Grillenberger (born February 22, 1848 in Zirndorf ; † October 9, 1897 in Munich ) was a defining figure in the labor movement and social democracy in Nuremberg in the second half of the 19th century .

Life

After attending elementary school in Zirndorf (1854–1861), he completed an apprenticeship as a locksmith in Schweinau (1861–1864) and then went hiking for several years (1866–1869) a. a. in Switzerland and worked there in the Bern workers' association. On his return (1869) he became a works manager in the Forchheim gas factory , where his rise in the labor movement began. In 1871/72 he heads the wage movement in the Cramer-Klettschen machine factory in Augsburg . From 1872 he worked on various social democratic papers in Nuremberg / Fürth and in 1874 co-founded the Nuremberg cooperative printing company and editor-in-chief of the Fränkische Tagespost (formerly “Nuremberg-Fürth Social Democrat”).

Grillenberger (back row, second from right) as a member of the socialist parliamentary group from 1889

From 1869 he was a member of the SDAP and later the SAP and SPD . From 1874 he applied for a seat in the Reichstag and in 1881 became the first Bavarian Social Democrat to join the Reichstag , of which he was a member until his death. From 1893 he was also a member of the Bavarian Chamber of Deputies . Since 1874 Grillenberger was married to Barbara Margarethe (Gret) Reuter (1852-1934). He had two children: Karl (* 1879) and Anna Margarethe (* 1882).

Under his leadership, the Nuremberg Social Democrats became the determining force in the Bavarian SPD, which gave rise to the reputation of the “Red Nuremberg”. Grillenberger probably died of the long-term consequences of an assault with a police spy in Switzerland in 1887. A street in Zirndorf and Nuremberg is named after him and his bust is in the Nuremberg West Cemetery .

Honor

  • 1947 Karl-Grillenberger-Strasse in Nuremberg
  • Grillenbergerstrasse in Mannheim
  • Grillenbergerstraße in Zirndorf (east of the Zimmermannspark)

Head of the daily newspapers

  • Nuremberg-Fürth Social Democrat . 1874-1878
  • Franconian daily mail . 1878-1897

Works

  • South German People's Library. For entertainment for all stands . Edited by Carl Grillenberger and Hans Wörlein. Grillenberger (Wörlein & Comp.), Nuremberg 1879.
  • To factory legislation. Speech by Reichstag member Carl Grillenberger on Hertling's interpellation given at the Reichstag session on January 10, 1882 (from the official stenographic report.) . Auer, Schwerin 1882.
  • Three Reichstag speeches. 1. Cracker over the workbooks. 2. Grillenberger on the Health Insurance Act. 3. Hasenclever on the timber tariffs. (Verbatim copy of the official stenographic report) . Self-published by Grillenberger, Nuremberg 1883.
  • To the voters of Germany! Wörlein & Comp., Nuremberg 1887.
  • Four Reichstag speeches. Speech by the Reichstag member W. Hasenclever on the Reich budget for the budget year 1887–88. Speech by Member of Parliament C. Grillenberger on the military bill . Wörlein & Comp., Nuremberg 1887.
  • Speech by Reichstag member C. Grillenberger on the old-age and disability insurance submission given at the Reichstag session on December 6, 1888. Verbatim copy of the official stenographic report . Wörlein & Comp., Nuremberg 1888.
  • Three speeches from the new Reichstag. Speech by Member of Parliament Grillenberger on the amendment to the trade regulations at the meeting on May 19. Speech by MP Singer on the increase in civil servants and officers' salaries at the June 18th session. Speech by MP Auer on guild arbitration courts at the meeting on June 20 . Wörlein & Comp., Nuremberg 1890.
  • The ill-treatment of soldiers in front of the Bavarian State Parliament. Speeches by MPs v. Vollmar and Grillenberger and the Minister of War v. Asch at the meetings of October 7th and 9th, 1893 (according to the official shorthand report) . Wörlein & Comp., Nuremberg 1893.

literature

  • Wilhelm Liebknecht : Karl Grillenberger. In: The True Jacob . No. 295, November 9, 1897. (digitized version)
  • Karl Grillenberger. In: The New Time . Review of intellectual and public life . 16.1897-98, Volume 1 (1898), Issue 5, pp. 129-133. (on-line)
  • KH Döscher: Carl Grillenberger. In: Socialist monthly books . 1 = 3 (1897), No. 11, pp. 585-590. (on-line)
  • Georg Gärtner: Karl Grillenberger. Life picture of a fighter for people's rights and freedom of the people . Fränkische Verlags Anstalt & Buchdruckerei, Nuremberg 1930.
  • Karl Grillenberger, a Nuremberg Social Democrat on the crossroads of humanity. To commemorate the 75th anniversary of the day of his death on October 19, 1897. (= Exhibition catalog of the Nuremberg City Library. 81). Exhibition of the Nuremberg City Library. Creation of the catalog: Helmut Häußler. City Library, Nuremberg 1972.
  • Gert Rückel: The Franconian Daily Mail. History of a party newspaper. (= Publications of the Nuremberg City Library. Volume 8). City Library, Nuremberg 1964.
  • Karl Grillenberger. In: Franz Osterroth : Biographical Lexicon of Socialism. Deceased personalities . Volume 1, JHW ​​Dietz Nachf., Hanover 1960, pp. 102-103.
  • S. Heppener: Grillenberger, Karl. In: History of the German labor movement. Biographical Lexicon . Berlin 1970, pp. 165-166.
  • In the struggle for the revolutionary character of the proletarian party . Dietz Verlag, Berlin 1977.
  • Dieter Rossmeissl: Nuremberg the majority in the minority. In: Hartmut Mehringer (Ed.): From the class movement to the people's party. Landmarks of the Bavarian Social Democracy 1892–1992. (= Series of publications by the Georg von Vollmar Academy. Volume 5). Saur, Munich et al. 1992, ISBN 3-598-22024-3 , pp. 62-70.
  • Dieter Fricke: They called him “Grillo”. Karl Grillenberger (1848-1897). A biographical sketch. In: Inge Marßolok, Till Schelz-Brandenburg (ed.): Social democracy and socialist theory. Festschrift for Hans-Josef Steinberg on his 60th birthday . Bremen 1995, pp. 285-305.
  • Bernhard Grau: Grillenberger, Karl . In: Michael Diefenbacher , Rudolf Endres (Hrsg.): Stadtlexikon Nürnberg . 2nd, improved edition. W. Tümmels Verlag, Nuremberg 2000, ISBN 3-921590-69-8 , p. 378 ( online ).
  • Eckhard Hansen, Florian Tennstedt (Eds.) U. a .: Biographical lexicon on the history of German social policy from 1871 to 1945 . Volume 1: Social politicians in the German Empire 1871 to 1918. Kassel University Press, Kassel 2010, ISBN 978-3-86219-038-6 , p. 61 ( online , PDF; 2.2 MB).

radio

  • Zdenek Zofka, Karin Sommer: Grillenberger, Vollmar and comrades. On the early history of the SPD in Bavaria. Radio broadcast on March 9, 1986, Bayerischer Rundfunk .

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Grillenberger has described his time as a traveling boy in detail in: Des Wanderburschen Freud und Leid. From an old "cat's head", in: The true Jacob. Illustrated magazine of satire, humor and entertainment, 1897, No. 285, No. 287, No. 289, No. 291, No. 293, No. 294, No. 296.
  2. ↑ Contains the following letters, among others: Carl Grillenberger to Julius Motteler February 2, 1885 and July 15, 1885; the same on August Bebel May 1, 1885; ; the same to Wilhelm Liebknecht June 21, 1885; ; the same to Eduard Bernstein July 6, 1885 and Ignaz Auer , Wilhelm Blos , Bruno Geiser , Carl Grillenberger to the editorial office of the Social Democrat on June 20, 1885.
personal data
SURNAME Grillenberger, Karl
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Grillenberger, Carl
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German workers leaders and politicians (SPD), MdR
DATE OF BIRTH February 22, 1848
PLACE OF BIRTH Zirndorf
DATE OF DEATH October 9, 1897
Place of death Munich