Śmigiel
| Śmigiel | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Greater Poland | ||
| Powiat : | Kościan | ||
| Area : | 5.30 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 52 ° 1 ' N , 16 ° 31' E | ||
| Residents : | 5688 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Postal code : | 64-030 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 65 | ||
| License plate : | PKS | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Rail route : |
Leszno – Poznan railway stations Przysieka Stara and Stare Bojanowo |
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| Śmigielska Kolej Dojazdowa | |||
| Next international airport : | Poznan-Ławica | ||
| Gmina | |||
| Gminatype: | Urban and rural municipality | ||
| Gmina structure: | 48 villages | ||
| 37 school authorities | |||
| Surface: | 189.89 km² | ||
| Residents: | 17,626 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Population density : | 93 inhabitants / km² | ||
| Community number ( GUS ): | 3011053 | ||
| Administration (as of 2006) | |||
| Community leader : | Wiktor Snela | ||
| Address: | pl.Wojska Polskiego 6 64-030 Śmigiel |
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| Website : | www.smigiel.pl | ||
Śmigiel ( German Schmiegel ) is a town and seat of an urban and rural municipality in the Powiat Kościański of the Polish Voivodeship of Greater Poland .
history
In a document from 1438 the place is called Smigel . The area was settled early: burial sites from pagan times have been found in the area of the city. The village, which emerged from a village, is said to have had city rights before 1400. In 1458 the city had to face seven warriors against the Teutonic Knights .
In the 19th century the town of Schmiegel belonged to the Duchess of Sagan v. Acerenza-Pignatelli , b. Princess Biron of Curland .
From 1887 to 1918 Schmiegel was the seat of the Prussian district of Schmiegel in the province of Posen . After the First World War , Schmiegel had to be ceded to the Second Polish Republic due to the provisions of the Versailles Treaty .
After the invasion of Poland in 1939 and the illegal annexation by the German Reich until 1945, the city belonged to the administrative district of Kosten in the German occupation area Reichsgau Wartheland , the model district of the expulsion of Poles, re- population and Germanization.
Towards the end of World War II , Schmiegel was liberated by the Red Army in the spring of 1945 . In the following period, the German residents were expelled by the local Polish administrative authorities .
Population numbers
- 1800: 2125, of which 235 are Jews
- 1843: 2884
- 1875: 3348
- 1880: 3588
- 1890: 3882, of which 1546 Protestants, 2142 Catholics and 194 Jews
local community
The town and rural community ( gmina miejsko-wiejska ) Śmigiel includes, in addition to the town, another 37 districts ( German names officially until 1945 ) with a Schulzenamt ( sołectwo ) :
- Bielawy ( Bielawy , 1939–1945 Bielen )
- Bronikowo ( Bronikowo )
- Brońsko ( Bronsko , 1939–1945 Brunitz )
- Bruszczewo
- Chełkowo
- Czacz ( sweetheart )
- Czaczyk ( Little Treasure )
- Glińsko ( Gleinitz )
- Gniewowo ( Gniewowo , older Gniewen )
- Jezierzyce ( German Jeseritz )
- Carmine ( carmine , older carmine )
- Karśnice (Karschnitz, 1939–1945 Karschen)
- Koszanowo
- Księginki ( Ksienginki )
- Machcin ( machein )
- Morownica ( Murkwitz , 1939–1945 Murkau)
- Nietążkowo ( Nitsche , 1939–1945 Alt Nitsche)
- Nowa Wieś ( Neudorf )
- Nowe Szczepankowo ( 1939–1945 Stefansdorf )
- Nowy Białcz
- Olszewo
- Parsko
- Poladowo
- Przysieka Polska ( Polish Press )
- Robaczyn ( 1939–1945 Robertsruh )
- Sierpowo ( chirp )
- Spławie ( Splawe )
- Stara Przysieka Druga
- Stara Przysieka Pierwsza
- Stare Bojanowo ( Alt Boyen )
- Stary Białcz ( Belsch , 1939–1945 Weissdorf )
- Wonieść ( Woynitz , 1939–1945 Woyniese )
- Wydorowo
- Zygmuntowo
- Żegrowo ( Seeger )
- Żegrówko ( Klein Seeger )
- Żydowo ( silk )
Other localities in the municipality are:
- Brzeziny
- Yeligowo
- Karpisz
- Nadolnik
- Nowy Świat
- Podśmigiel ( Podschmiegel )
- Prętkowice
- Sikorzyn
- Skoraczewo ( Wiesenthal )
- Smolno
- Starlings Szczepankowo
Personalities
- Xaver von Bojanowski (1787–1856), Prussian major general
- Richard von Kalckreuth (1808–1879), Prussian lieutenant general
- Wilhelm Salomon Freund (1831–1915), German lawyer and member of the German Reichstag
- Ephraim Gottlob Hoffmann (1738–1787), Lutheran pastor in Lemberg
- Johannes Jacobsohn alias Hanns John (1890–1942), German Chasan (cantor)
- Georg John , born Georg Jacobsohn (1879–1941), German actor
- Hans Jüttner (1894–1965), SS-Obergruppenführer and general of the Waffen-SS
- Erich Jüttner (* 1899), German administrative lawyer and district administrator
- Carl August Lebschée (1800–1877), German painter and draftsman
literature
- Heinrich Wuttke : City book of the country Posen. Codex diplomaticus: General history of the cities in the region of Poznan. Historical news from 149 individual cities . Leipzig 1864, pp. 436-438.
Web links
- Order on change of place names in Reichsgau Wartheland in the ordinance sheet of the Reich governor in Warthegau from May 18, 1943 (PDF; 1.79 MB)
Footnotes
- ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
- ↑ See order on changing place names in Reichsgau Wartheland, No. 62 - Landkreis Kosten (Wartheland) of May 18, 1943
- ↑ a b c d Wuttke (1864), pp. 436-438.
- ↑ Eduard Peters: The rule Nitsche . In: Annals of Agriculture in the Royal Prussian States . Volume 46, Berlin 1865, pp. 136-166. , in particular p. 138 ff.
- ^ A b c Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. pos_schmiegel.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ The Genealogical Place Directory
- ↑ a b c d e archive link ( Memento from January 22, 2017 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Archive link ( Memento from June 19, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ a b Archive link ( Memento from January 22, 2017 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Archive link ( Memento from February 2, 2017 in the Internet Archive )
