Floods and natural disasters in Saxony
The following article contains a chronological listing of the most severe floods and natural disasters in Saxony .
8th century
- 785/8
The Annales regni Francorum report that Charlemagne was hindered by great floods (nimium inundationes aquarum) on his campaigns against the Saxons . (It is probable that the Elbe stood high in today's area called "Saxony" when floods were reported downstream, where the original Saxons lived at that time .)
10th century
- November 11, 962
After eight days of uninterrupted snowfall in the mountains, a thaw set in, which caused floods in many Saxon streams and rivers. The flood caused damage in the entire area from the Elbe to Hamburg .
11th century
- 1009
The areas around Elbe , Unstrut and Saale were affected by flooding that lasted seven days. According to tradition, the number of victims is said to have been so high that too few people were available to bury the dead.
- 1059
Long-lasting rains caused catastrophic floods which, according to tradition, looked like a second deluge in the eyes of the population . The effects were so great that many families built their own ships.
12th Century
- 1118
A severe flood destroyed numerous houses and churches in the cities along the Elbe and its tributaries.
- February 16, 1162
Suddenly the onset of a thaw caused great floods throughout Saxony. The floods tore houses and people with it.
- 1196
Violent storms led to severe floods throughout Saxony. Chroniclers report of completely flooded villages, mighty uprooted trees and numerous dead people and animals.
13th Century
- April 22, 1272
Major floods occurred on the Vltava and Elbe rivers.
- August 24, 1275
The Moldau and Elbe flooded their banks again on a large scale. Entire villages in the margraviate of Meissen were washed away.
14th Century
- 1318
The Dresden Elbe Bridge was badly damaged during the great spring flood of the Elbe . While the stone pillars withstood water pressure and ice drift, the wooden zygomatic arches were washed away. As a result, the bridge was given a completely stone arch when it was rebuilt. Pope John XXII granted those who helped build the bridge . 80 days indulgence .
- February 2, 1342
After a previous heavy snowfall, an ingress of warm air with plenty of rain causes terrible flooding in Bohemia and Saxony. In Prague the Vltava Bridge (probably the predecessor of the Charles Bridge ) was partially destroyed. Numerous villages were destroyed in Saxony. Chroniclers report that "men and women [...] were seen swimming on the roofs, children in the cradles, hopelessly swimming away".
- July 1342
On St. Magdalene's Day in 1342 - which corresponds to July 21 according to our era - Central Europe was hit by what is probably the greatest flood of this millennium. After a long period of drought, an “extraordinary two-day downpour” followed. At that time the water of the Main in Würzburg was close to the cathedral. From the Rhine region it is reported that in the Mainz Cathedral "the water was up to a man's belt" and that in Cologne you could take a boat over the city wall. In the chronicles of Regensburg , Passau and Vienna the Magdalen flood is described as a catastrophic Danube flood. The same applies to the Moselle, Moldau, Elbe, Werra, Unstrut and Weser. Even Carinthia and Lombardy were hit by floods.
“This summer there was such a great inundation of water all over the world in our zone, which was not caused by downpours, but rather it seemed as if the water was gushing out from everywhere, even from the peaks of the mountains ... and over the walls of the The city of Cologne was driven by barges [...] Danube, Rhine and Main [...] carried away towers, very solid city walls, bridges, houses [...] and the strongholds of the cities. [...] and the sluices of the sky were open, and rain fell on the earth as in the 600th year of Noah's life, [...] it happened in Würzburg that the Main violently smashed the bridge and forced many people to leave their homes. "
15th century
- July 22, 1400
A flood of the Elbe tore away a pillar of the Elbe bridge in Dresden .
- August 5, 1413
Floods from the Elbe and Triebisch caused severe damage in Meißen . Parts of the Elbe bridge were washed away. In Großenhain , the water masses of the Röder destroyed the bridge.
- 1427
Flood in Pirna (recorded by the Pirna monk Johannes Lindner )
- 1430
Floods occurred in the areas of the Elbe, Saale, Mulde and many other watercourses in Saxony.
- July 22, 1432
Large parts of Saxony and Bohemia were affected by major floods that lasted for five days. Among other things, the bridges in Grimma and Görlitz were destroyed along the Mulde and Neisse rivers. In Pirna the water of the Elbe stood up to the top of the Elbe Gate. In numerous cities, the building fabric was badly damaged. In Görlitz the Neisse washed away mills, houses, the hospital and the Church of the Holy Spirit . In Grimma, too, several water mills fell victim to the floods.
- 1433
A flood of the Mulde destroyed all mills in Grimma again.
- 1445
A heavy downpour fell south of Dresden . Due to its water masses, the Kaitzbach swelled strongly, which carried away houses in today's Dresden districts of Mockritz , Leubnitz and Strehlen . The Kaitzbach broke the dam in Dresden, flooding the suburbs around the Frauenkirche .
- 1445
Chronicles report for the first time about a flood of the Weißeritz . In Plauen the water level of the Weißeritz reaches up to the Hahneberg . To the west of Dresden's city wall, the Weißeritz floodplains flood and cause great damage to buildings in Fischersdorf and the cattle pasture community.
- August 24, 1471
A surprising flood from Triebisch and Meise severely damaged the foundations of Wolfgang's Church in Meißen. Four workers were killed in the flood.
- 1491
Chroniclers report large and sudden floods in numerous Saxon waters. The floods of the Mulde and the Lungwitzbach in Niederlungwitz and Zwickau tore 44 people to their deaths.
- June 27, 1498
In the Eastern Ore Mountains , a flood of the Weißeritz caused severe damage.
16th Century
- 16.-18. August 1501
The Elbe was hit by a heavy flood caused by nine days of rain in Bohemia . In Pirna the water reached the pulpit of the monastery church while it almost flooded the Dresden bridge . Allegedly you could grab the water with your hand from the latter . In the state capital, the Elbe reached a level of 8.57 meters on August 16 (flow rate 5000 cubic meters per second). In Meissen the water was 12 cubits and 10 inches above the middle level.
- August 7, 1506
A flood of the Triebisch, triggered by a downpour, destroyed some houses and barns. The Meissen city wall was badly damaged by the impact of five fathom-sized trees.
- 1510
The Elbe was flooding. In Pirna, large parts of the city center were flooded, the market was completely under water.
- 1530
Chroniclers reported that heavy floods occurred along the Weißeritz and other mountain rivers.
- 1533
Major floods occurred along the Elbe, Gottleuba and Seidewitz . The Seidewitz destroyed several houses in Liebstadt and washed the rubble as far as Pirna.
- 1538
Heavy flooding occurred again on the Weißeritz and other mountain rivers.
- 1539
A flood of the Mulde destroyed a bridge in Penig . A person was killed in the process.
- 1547
The Pirna chronicler Petermann reported of a storm in which "30 bachelors and 40 maidens [...] were taken away to the Altenberge in a tavern at the wedding, so that up to this day you won't get to see anything of them."
- November 15, 1552
A flood of the Mühlwasser ( Biela ) caused by sudden heavy rain near Königstein killed 107 people. A child is said to have been carried unscathed from the Elbe to Pirna.
- July 21, 1552
A flood disaster occurs along the Gottleuba .
- 1559
A heavy downpour inundated large parts of the Müglitz valley and flooded some of the mining pits around Altenberg and Glashütte . The chronicler reports that "[...] a flood caused great damage to mills, grates, paths and prepared tin stones."
- July 21, 1560
Major floods occurred on the Seidewitz, Gottleuba and Elbe rivers.
- 1564
A flood of the Elbe caused major damage in the upper Elbe valley. The power of the water masses even washed away millstones in Pirna.
- 1565
A flood of the Elbe with heavy ice caused considerable damage to the bridges in Dresden, Meißen and Torgau . In Wittenberg , the Elbe bridge collapsed, tearing numerous students who were onlookers to their deaths.
- July 20, 1565
A downpour destroyed 14 houses in Crottendorf . 13 people drowned in the water. In Wiesa 8 houses and the mills were destroyed. 17 people died here.
- August 13, 1568
Large parts of the Ore Mountains were affected by heavy rainfall. In and around Schneeberg 24 houses, 9 cattle sheds and 7 barns sank in the floods. Numerous mines are draining. 24 deaths were to be mourned. In neighboring Schlema , the church and a house were washed away, killing eight people. In the Hüttengrund 7 people drowned in the masses of water, also here numerous mines were drank.
- 1569
Seidewitz, Gottleuba and Elbe caused floods again.
- August 13, 1573
Floods on smaller tributaries of the Elbe caused great damage near Pirna. Mills were swept away and people drowned. In Pirna, corpses were washed away from the cemetery. Zwickau, Schneeberg , Penig, Frankenberg , Rochlitz , Grimma, Eilenburg , Pegau and other places in the Mulde area suffered severe damage from the Mulde and Zschopau . Serious damage also occurred in Sebnitz .
- June 26, 1586
The so-called flood from the Pfaffenberg ( Pfaffenstein ) destroyed ten houses in Königstein .
- 17th August 1595
Floods occurred on numerous Saxon watercourses. The Neisse reached a particularly high level . Here in Görlitz a level of nine cubits above the mean water level was measured. In Zittau , the floods damaged parts of the city wall, and 31 people were killed in the city itself.
- August 13, 1598
A flood of the Weißeritz flooded the Wilsdruffer suburb in Dresden.
17th century
- 1602
Persistent rain caused the water levels of the Saxon waters to rise sharply.
- May 15, 1622
A storm causes the Rachel to flood in Clausnitz . 27 people died and 13 houses were destroyed.
- May 17, 1622
A storm caused a flood in Dorfchemnitz , in which three houses were torn away and 7 people were killed.
- May 28, 1617
A flood of the Biela destroyed numerous mills and hammer mills. A bridge and seven houses were destroyed in Königstein.
- August 6, 1629
The Kirnitzsch tore away all grinding mills and sawmills, with the exception of the Mittelndorfer Mühle . The three main shooters in Bad Schandau were also smashed.
- January 3, 1651
After heavy snowfall, a heavy thaw set in, accompanied by heavy rain. The Elbe and its tributaries "[...] brought a flood over the whole country, as the oldest people did not know how to remember." In Pirna the city center was under water up to the market. Sebnitz suffered severe damage from the river of the same name. The Weißeritz could not flow away due to the ice drift of the Elbe and flooded the whole area in Dresden in front of the Wilsdruffer Tor . In the state capital, the Elbe reached a level of 7.55 meters on January 3rd (flow rate 3200 cubic meters per second).
- July 20, 1652
The entire grain harvest in Zinnwald was destroyed by hail .
- February 7, 1655
The Elbe experienced its worst flood in the 17th century. The trigger was the sudden onset of a thaw, accompanied by heavy rainfall, which broke up the river that had been frozen since January 22nd and led to ice jams. In Pirna the river flooded the entire city center. Here the residents could only move around with boats. Allegedly, the water carried a cradle with a small child to Dresden. Here the Elbe reached a level of 8.38 meters on February 7th (flow rate 4800 cubic meters per second). A chronicler from Pirna reports about the damage: "What was killed in this water in front of people, houses and buildings and what other damage happened to fields, gardens and meadows in the Netherlands is indescribable."
- 3rd-6th August 1661
After two weeks of heavy rain, the streams and rivers in the Western Ore Mountains such as Große Mittweida , Zschopau , Schwarzwasser and Zwickauer Mulde swelled by over 6 cubits and caused severe devastation in the villages and towns. In particular, the hammer mills in the river valleys that had just started up again after the Thirty Years War were completely destroyed by the floods. Christian Lehmann reports about the events : “In July 1661 it had rained heavily for 14 days in July 1661 and all the streams swelled. The. On August 2nd, however, it started even more violently and 24 pourings fell on each other day and night; Ellen risen high and done indescribable damage. ”In Eibenstock the floods destroyed 8 houses on August 6th, another 28 were badly damaged by undercutting. A woman drowned. In the city and at the hammer mills in Unterblauenthal and Sosa , 10,000 thalers were damaged.
- 15.-16. June 1666
In the Oberlausitz strong thunderstorms and torrential rains came down. As a result, houses in Hennersdorf , Varnsdorf , Hermsdorf , Taubenheim , Ottendorf, Zittau and Görlitz, along with their residents and cattle , were washed away from the Spree , Neisse and Queis rivers.
- July 13, 1695
During a thunderstorm, 19 houses and 15 barns burned down in Selva as a result of a lightning strike. A woman was killed in the process.
18th century
- July 30, 1703
Prolonged rainfall led to flooding along the rivers and streams in the Eastern Ore Mountains. In Beerwalde , the wild Weißeritz caused great damage. On August 2nd, Gottleuba and Seidewitz flooded the city of Pirna. Most of the harvest stored in barns in the suburbs was destroyed.
- June 22, 1714
In Nixdorf (Mikulášovice) a big downpour went down. In Sebnitz the water destroyed the bridge and washed away 16 houses and 15 barns (according to other sources 14 houses and 11 barns). Five people drowned. Bad Schandau suffered severe damage from the Kirnitzsch .
- 1771
This year the chroniclers reported two major floods, which affected almost all of the Saxon rivers. The floods were caused by large snowfalls, sudden thaws and heavy rain. In addition to the large rivers, even the smallest brooks burst their banks on a large scale and flooded large areas. As a result, numerous fruit and forest stands were severely damaged. Zwickau was under water for weeks through the hollow, so that funerals could not be carried out. In Dresden the Elbe reached a level of 7.15 meters on June 6th (flow rate 2700 cubic meters per second).
- February 4, 1783
The dam of the felt pond near Schneeberg broke through a flood . The tidal wave poured over the Zschorlau and Auerhammer settlements and destroyed four houses completely and 21 in part. 18 people were torn to their deaths.
- February / March 1784
At the end of February / beginning of March one of the heaviest spring floods ever recorded occurred in the Elbe Valley. It was triggered by a sudden thaw after the long and severe winter of 1783/84 . The ice on the Elbe, which had been frozen for weeks, broke up quickly, the water level rose by up to 32 centimeters per hour and reached a level of 8.57 meters in Dresden on March 1st (flow rate 5200 cubic meters per second). That was the highest level since 1655. Large areas of towns and villages were flooded throughout the Elbe Valley. In Dresden the water in the courtyard of the kennel was three feet high. The destructive force of the flood was particularly great due to the force of the floating debris and the ice floes. The Elbe bridges were badly damaged in Dresden and Meißen . While the cattle could not be saved in many places, the death toll was comparatively low given the severity of the flood. Nine people died in the floods in Meißen. The Elbe flowed again in its traditional river bed on March 6th. The onset of frost covered the flooded houses and areas with a layer of ice; this made the cleanup more difficult.
- 1799
The sudden onset of thaw and ice jams caused one of the worst spring floods ever recorded on the Elbe. On February 24th, a water level of 8.24 meters was measured in Dresden (flow rate 4400 cubic meters per second). Huge ice floes, some of which were more than half a meter thick and five meters long or wide, caused severe damage.
19th century
- September 1, 1822
In Basteigebiet between Wehlen and Lohmen a heavy downpour went down. A woman was killed in Wehlen and four houses and two bridges were destroyed. In Lohmen, the village street was over 50 centimeters under water in just five minutes. Numerous houses here were in danger of collapsing due to undercutting.
- June 25, 1824
In the headwaters of the Gottleuba, a heavy rain event occurred after several days of rain. This caused severe damage to the entire valley. In Pirna , the flood washed out the Breite Strasse over 50 centimeters deep. In Dresden the Elbe reached a level of 7.53 meters on June 28th (discharge: 3169 m³ / s).
- July 22, 1834
After heavy rains, the Syrabach bursts its banks in Plauen on the afternoon of July 22nd, 1834 . The masses of water, together with the debris carried, especially the logs of the Lohmühle, accumulate at a city gate of the city wall, ultimately causing them to collapse and pour into the city. A total of 17 houses were destroyed by the water on this day, another 15 houses are ready for demolition and 44 buildings are badly damaged. 26 people died in the floods, including 8 children.
- March / April 1845
Triggered by a sudden thaw, the so-called "Saxon Flood" , the largest Elbe flood of the 19th century , developed on the Elbe, which was sometimes over 1.5 meters thick . After the ice breakup, the river in Bad Schandau widened to 250 meters (normal width around 110 meters). As a result, most of the houses in the city center up to the second floor were flooded. In the church the water was up to the top of the pulpit. Pirna's old town was 75% under water on March 30th. In Dresden , flotsam caused the collapse of a pillar of the Augustus Bridge on March 31 . Overall, the Elbe, which reached its peak on the same day at 8.77 meters (discharge: approx. 5250 m³ / s), flooded almost 31 square kilometers of the urban area. Below the also largely flooded Meißen , breaking and flooded dikes caused widespread flooding. The record levels reached during this winter flood were only exceeded by the water levels during the Elbe flood in 2002 . The most important result of the Elbe flood of 1845 was the work that began in 1861 to regulate the course of the river. For the Dresden – Děčín railway line, which was built from December 1845, a route was designed in the Elbe valley that was “three feet Austrian measure” above the level of the Elbe flood of March 1845.
- 29.-31. July 1854
The river basins of Mulde , Mandau and Neisse were hit by floods. In Glauchau the lower town was under water, several people were killed. In Penig , the flood destroyed 40 houses and left 205 people homeless. In Eastern Saxony, damage occurred in Seifhennersdorf , Oderwitz and Zittau .
- July 31 - August 3, 1858
Rainfalls lasting several days caused floods in the Zwickauer Mulde area, which particularly affected the Aue , Zwickau and Glauchau . A total of 142 buildings were destroyed or had to be removed after damage. There were no fatalities.
- August 27, 1860
In the evening hours a heavy hail storm unloaded over Leipzig and the surrounding area. Around 12,000 buildings were damaged in the process, and several hundred thousand panes of glass were broken. The direct damage was estimated at at least 1.5 million thalers.
- February 3, 1862
In Dresden the Elbe reached a level of 8.24 meters (discharge: 4493 m³ / s).
- April 6, 1865
A flood of the Wild Sau flooded Wilsdruff . The streets of the city center were only navigable by boats and barges.
- June 14, 1880
On the evening of June 13th, 1880, in the area of the Eigenschen Kreis in the Lusatian Neisse river basin, persistent rains began, which increased to several downpours over the course of June 14th. In two tidal waves, the resulting floods particularly affected the towns along the Pließnitz between Rennersdorf / OL and Nickrisch as well as the towns along the Landwasser and the further course of the Mandau . In sections, the water level of the Pließnitz reached a height of 6 meters within 15 minutes. A water level of 4.15 meters was reached at the Rittermühle in Rennersdorf and a level of 2.79 meters at Sandmühlplatz in Bernstadt ad Eigen . In Oderwitz , the land water even reached a water height of 9 meters. The water masses destroyed and damaged numerous buildings and bridges. In Schönau auf dem Eigen alone , four houses, three barns and nine sheds were destroyed. 12 other buildings were so badly damaged that they had to be removed after the flood. 99 other buildings showed serious damage and 42 families with 137 people had become homeless. In Ruppersdorf / OL , four houses were torn away, in Rennersdorf the floods tore away 11 houses and brought another 23 buildings to collapse. In Bernstadt ad Eigen, 7 houses were washed away and 20 buildings collapsed. Serious devastation was also recorded in Oderwitz, here 11 buildings were washed away, 7 houses collapsed, 29 buildings were considered to be in danger of collapsing after the flood and 78 houses were badly damaged. In Zittau , the Mandau flooded the lower half of the city on the evening of June 14th (including Haltergasse, Obere Gasse, Grottauer Strasse). The Lusatian Neisse from Bohemia brought further water masses with it, as heavy precipitation had also fallen here. In Ostritz , the Neisse floods destroyed the embankment of the Neißetalbahn and flooded the St. Marienthal monastery . The Neisse valley was flooded over a large area between Leuba and Görlitz . Due to the short warning time caused by the short period of time between the onset of precipitation and the occurrence of the flood peak, the flood claimed numerous lives. There are different details about their exact number, contemporary sources name 64 dead (Schönau 3 dead, Ruppersdorf 1 dead, Rennersdorf 16 dead, Bernstadt 12 dead, Oderwitz 13 dead, Kunnersdorf on the Eigen 12 dead, Bernsdorf 2 dead, Kiesdorf on the Eigen 1 dead, Zittau 3 dead, Altbernsdorf auf dem Eigen 1 dead), but more recent newspaper reports even give more than 100 dead.
- May 28, 1881
After torrential rain in the area around Höckendorf and Ruppendorf , Wiederitz , Schloitzbach , Poisenbach and Weißeritz flooded. The water masses destroyed numerous houses in the towns along the streams and rivers. In Niederhäslich in a building collapse two children died. In Potschappel , three people were killed when the Weißeritz Bridge collapsed. There were also fatalities in Weißig . The total damage was just under 282,000 marks.
- June 9, 1882
Around 9:00 p.m., a cloudburst with heavy hail fell over Mittelgelenau . The village stream swelled in a very short time, overflowed its banks and damaged houses, fields, streets and paths. 10 people drowned in the water, including five firefighters on duty. The fire brigade memorial in Gelenau commemorates her death and the flood.
- 8/9 August 1890
Waterspouts and two severe thunderstorms caused severe flooding in the area of Lockwitzbach , Müglitz and Gottleuba in the afternoon and evening hours . The Müglitztalbahn , which was under construction, was damaged by landslides.
- 6./7. September 1890
In Dresden the Elbe reached a level of 8.37 meters (discharge: 4350 m³ / s).
- 29./30. April 1897
A heavy downpour with hail that fell in the Luchberg area led to floods in Glashütte . Here the hailstones were up to half a meter high. Reinhardtsgrimma was badly damaged by a 1.5 meter high tidal wave.
- 29./30. July 1897
Twenty days of rain and a downpour on the Erzgebirge ridge caused a devastating flood catastrophe , especially in the Eastern Ore Mountains . Within one day the water levels rose to a multiple of their normal level due to 140 mm of precipitation. In the valley of the Rote Weißeritz , a flood wave destroyed 320 houses, 130 bridges and large sections of the Weißeritztalbahn , which could only be operated continuously again on September 9th. In Dresden the river flooded the Wilsdruffer suburb. A total of 19 people were killed in the floods along the Weißeritz. As a result, the Malter , Klingenberg and Lehnmühle dams were built in the Weißeritz valleys between 1908 and 1931 . The Müglitztal was also badly hit. Glashütte alone suffered damage of 100,000 Reichsmarks . Operations on the Müglitztalbahn, which had only opened seven years earlier, had to be interrupted until October. In the Gottleubatal , severe damage occurred, especially in Bad Gottleuba , Berggießhübel and Pirna. In Gottleuba, the river with a water flow of up to 400 m³ / s easily carried away a 22 quintals heavy brewing tub. The mouth of the Gottleuba in the Elbe widened from five meters to 70 meters. The Freiberg Mulde also overflowed its banks. In Dresden, the Elbe reached a level of 7.08 meters on August 2nd (flow rate 2841 cubic meters per second). Outside the Ore Mountains, severe flooding occurred, particularly in the Lausitz Neisse and Mandau areas. In the St. Marienthal monastery the water was 2.40 meters high, in Ostritz 1.10 meters. Ten railway bridges were destroyed along the Neisse. The fire brigade provided help in 152 and the military in 36 communities throughout Saxony.
20th century
Until 1950
- August 7, 1905
Wilsdruff was inundated by the floods of the Wild Sau.
- August 7, 1908
In the Western Ore Mountains there is abundant precipitation ( swamp 120.1 mm precipitation; Carlsfeld 120.0 mm precipitation). In Carlsfeld, a flood of the Wilzsch destroys several houses by the stream. There is also severe devastation in the valley down to Wilzschhaus , which put the Wilkau-Haßlau-Carlsfeld narrow-gauge railway out of service for several weeks. There is also destruction in the valley of the Große Bockau, especially in Wildenthal.
- May 12, 1912
In the evening hours, the area between Leipzig and Taucha is hit by a heavy thunderstorm. A tornado in Sehlis severely damaged or destroyed around 50 buildings including the school and church. The storm also destroyed about 20,000 cubic meters of wood, with some of the broken trees up to 80 centimeters thick.
- May 27, 1916
A tornado caused major property damage in Chemnitz . Roofs were covered and trees were uprooted. Parts of the roof of the power station were thrown 700 meters through the air. The total damage to property was estimated at 1.5 to 2 million marks.
- May 25, 1925
Heavy rain with hail fell in the region around the Wilisch between Glashütte and Dippoldiswalde . The hailstones are said to have been up to one meter high near Glashütte. Large parts of the harvest were destroyed in the surrounding fields.
- 4th-6th June 1926
Days of rain let the Müglitz overflow its banks, and parts of Glashütte were flooded. The Lockwitzbach also flooded.
- June 1926
Huge downpours in the mountains, the water rushes with 42 cubic meters per second in the Maltertalsperre .
- June 8, 1927
Huge downpours flood the Lockwitzbach
- 8/9 July 1927
One of the most serious flood disasters in the recent past occurred in the Eastern Ore Mountains. Triggered by two intense cloudbursts, 230 mm of precipitation fell in the headwaters of Müglitz and Gottleuba within 6 hours. The flood catastrophe caused by this hit the river valleys of the Müglitz, Gottleuba and Seidewitz with meter-high tidal waves and caused enormous damage. The damage balance: 83 destroyed houses, 113 destroyed outbuildings, 265 damaged houses, 165 destroyed and 72 damaged road bridges, 31 destroyed railway bridges, 20 kilometers of destroyed railway lines, 15 kilometers of destroyed and 30 kilometers of damaged roads and paths. About 160 people fell victim to the floods, including 88 in Berggießhübel alone . The total amount of damage was around 100 million Reichsmarks.
- July 6, 1931
In the late afternoon hours, a thunderstorm in the area of the Kleiner Kranichsee (Johanngeorgenstadt 138.7 mm precipitation; Jelení (deer stand) 79.7 mm precipitation) caused a severe flash flood in the Schwarzwassertal. In Johanngeorgenstadt , the deeper floors of the Frisch Glück mine were falling so that mining was temporarily suspended. In Unterjugel and Wittigsthal, many houses were damaged by flooding, and some of the rubble piled up to the roofs. The valley between Johanngeorgenstadt and Schwarzenberg was almost completely devastated. Numerous houses, factories and sawmills as well as the systems on Talstrasse and the Schwarzenberg – Johanngeorgenstadt railway line were destroyed or damaged. Continuous rail traffic was only resumed on September 2nd. Schwarzenberg himself was hit by a tidal wave over a meter high. The destruction was so great that the city was temporarily cut off from the outside world. The flash flood claimed one death, the total damage was around 18 million Reichsmarks.
- January 1932
A sudden thaw and persistent precipitation lead to flooding in the Chemnitz area. In Jelení (deer stand) 190.3 mm of precipitation was registered, in Carlsfeld-Weiterswiese 150.0 mm and Carlsfeld 104.9 mm. By January 4th, the water level of the Chemnitz rose by two meters to 3.15 meters in just one day. As a result, parts of the city center were flooded, some meters high. Further areas were flooded by the Flöha after a dam broke .
- September 17, 1934
A heavy downpour with hail fell over the middle Müglitztal. Large parts of Glashütte were up to 50 centimeters under water. In Niederfrauendorf the tidal wave of the Lockwitzbach reached a height of 2 m. The total damage amounted to around 300,000 Reichsmarks.
- May 13, 1948
A downpour let the Müglitz overflow its banks. The Schüllermühle restaurant in the valley was destroyed.
After 1950
- July 1954
The catchment areas of the White Elster , Mulde and Elbe were affected by prolonged and heavy rainfall. In the Ore Mountains and its foothills, more than 200 mm of precipitation fell in a short time (Schönheide on July 9, 103.5 mm of precipitation, on July 10, 158.0 mm of precipitation).
In the Vogtland, the floods caused damage to traffic routes, including the railroad, bridges and buildings.
As a result of a dike breach, the Zwickau city center was flooded up to two meters high. At Zwickau's main market, the water was 2.10 meters high.
In Grimma the hollow reached a level of 5.96 meters (normal value: 1.43 meters). The Leipzig city area near the (White) Elster flood basin was flooded. The Weißeritz caused the Malter dam to overflow and caused severe damage in the lower section of the river. In the district capital Dresden, the river flooded the Wilsdruffer suburb . The Elbe reached a level of 6.74 meters there on July 12th (flow rate 2350 m³ / s).
- July 20, 1955
In the evening hours there was heavy rain in the Fichtelberg area , which caused a flood in the Schwarzwassertal . Seven people died in the two-meter-high tidal wave, and traffic on the narrow-gauge railway from Selva to Jöhstadt was interrupted for four weeks due to damage to the track .
- July 23, 1957
In the Eastern Ore Mountains, a Vb weather situation caused cloudbursts and severe flooding in the valleys of Biela, Gottleuba, Seidewitz, Müglitz and Weißeritz. Pirna experienced the largest flooding of the urban area in history, because the flowing water to the same masses of Gottleuba at the dam of the Elbe Valley Railway were jammed and flowed back into the city. The total damage caused in the flood area amounted to about 100 million marks.
- 5th / 6th July 1958
Only one year after the flood of 1957, a heavy thunderstorm again caused severe damage in the valleys of Weißeritz , Gottleuba and Müglitz and their tributaries. The center of precipitation was in the Tharandt - Dresden area . Between July 3 and July 6, 1958, precipitation of 190 mm was measured here. At the Neundorf gauge , the Gottleuba reached a discharge of 115 m³ / s. As in 1957, Pirna was again flooded over a large area by the water masses of the Gottleuba. In Dohna , a discharge of 163 m³ / s was registered at the Müglitz gauge. The Müglitztal train had to stop as the year before their operation due to track and bridge washouts for several days. In Dölzschen the discharge of the Weißeritz reached a value of 230 m³ / s. Then the traffic in Plauen reason came to a standstill. In the urban area of Dresden the Weißeritz left its canalised course and flowed along the historical course through Friedrichstadt and the Wilsdruffer suburb to the Elbe . Tharandt and Hartha were flooded by the Schloitzbach and Todbach , respectively . Four people drowned, including three firefighters. In Tharandt the stream brought down a house. The total damage in the flood area amounted to up to 50 million marks.
The flood events of July 1957 and July 1958 led to the establishment of a system of flood protection systems in the Eastern Ore Mountains consisting of the retention basins Buschbach (1958–64), Mordgrundbach (1960–66), Liebstadt (1961–67), Reinhardtsgrimma (1965–69), Friedrichswalde -Ottendorf (1965–70) and the Gottleuba dam (1965–74).
- July 17-21, 1981
Several days of rain, thunderstorms and downpours in the catchment area of the Lusatian Neisse let the river swell to a high level for decades. In Görlitz, over 200 liters of rain per square meter fell within four days.
- July 23, 1981
Heavy rainfall in Bohemia caused the Elbe in Dresden to rise to 6.63 meters (flow rate 2310 m³ / s). Natural disaster in the Bielatal.
- 9/10 August 1981
In the upper valley of the Rote Weißeritz, a sudden heavy thunderstorm caused destruction near Kipsdorf .
- October 21-23, 1981
Intense continuous rain led to the second Neisse flood within three months.
- July 6, 1992
Due to a downpour in the region around Brand-Erbisdorf, around 170 millimeters of precipitation fell within just 210 minutes. The water masses caused damage amounting to several million euros and cost a person his life.
- June 22, 1998
A windpipe cuts a straight aisle over 20 kilometers long in the forest of the Upper Vogtland . From Falkenstein via Tannenbergsthal (Jägersgrün) to Carlsfeld , all trees are bent over a width of approx. 300 meters. Considerable damage is done to homes in Falkenstein and on the former station of Hunter Green .
- July 5, 1999
Serious flood damage occurs in the valley of the Schwarzen Pockau , as an evening cloudburst resulted in up to 160 millimeters of precipitation falling within 90 minutes. Several residential and commercial buildings were destroyed between Pockau and Marienberg . The traffic routes in the valley also suffered severe damage. The ten meter high embankment of the Pockau – Marienberg railway line was washed away at one point over a length of 30 meters, so that train traffic had to be stopped.
21st century
- August 13, 2002
In August 2002, a flood caused by Vb weather conditions and referred to as the flood of the century hit the Elbe and its tributaries in particular. A total of 20 people were killed in the floods in the Free State, and property damage amounted to around 6 billion euros.
- July 29, 2005
A tornado causes severe destruction in the forest area of the Ore Mountains between Jelení and Antonsthal . The storm cut a 150-meter-wide aisle near Steinbach through the forest and covered parts of the roof of the Erlabrunn hospital .
- March / April 2006
The thaw and precipitation caused an above-average spring flood on the Elbe at the end of March. In contrast to the flood of the century in 2002, no major damage occurred to the tributaries of the Elbe in the Eastern Ore Mountains. The Elbe reached a level of 7.49 meters in Dresden on April 4, that is about 2 meters below the record level of 2002. In the Saxon capital and other Elbe cities such as Bad Schandau, Pirna and Meißen, cellars and individual houses were flooded. The characteristic of the spring flood was its elongated peak.
- May 24, 2010
In the area around Großenhain, a tornado with a strength of F2 + on the Fujita scale causes considerable damage. Roofs were covered and trees were bent in numerous places. In Grossenhain, more than 3,000 buildings were partially badly damaged, in the districts of Walda and Kleinthiemig 80 percent of the roofs were destroyed. The paper mill's striking 96-meter-high brick chimney collapsed. The damage to public buildings alone amounts to around € 8 million. The storm claimed one death and around 50 injured. The tornado was caused by unstably stratified air masses that met warmer air and discharged in severe thunderstorms with up to 40 liters of precipitation per square meter.
- August 2010
A low over northern Italy from August 6th to 8th caused heavy continuous rain throughout the Free State. The region around Chemnitz , the communities on the Lusatian Neisse and Saxon Switzerland were particularly affected by floods, some of which were severe . In Chemnitz, which reached Chemnitz on August 7, a water level of 3.55 meters, which Zwönitz a level of 2.70 meters and the Würschnitz a level of 2.15 meters. Numerous streets within the urban area were under water, and tram traffic was stopped on several lines. In nearby Neukirchen , three people drowned when they were surprised by the masses of water while trying to recover objects from the cellar. In the south of the Görlitz district , a disaster alarm was triggered after the level of the Neisse rose dramatically. This increase was partly caused by a break in the dam of the Witka reservoir in Poland . Within a few hours, the level of the Neisse in Görlitz rose to over 7 meters (normal level in the annual mean: 1.70 meters). Around 1000 people had to be evacuated from the masses of water. Numerous houses were also flooded in Zittau , Großschönau , Seifhennersdorf , Olbersdorf and Ostritz . In Bautzen , too , a house was destroyed by the masses of water, and many buildings were affected. Large parts of Upper Lusatia were affected. In Hartau broke through Kristýnasee the dam to the Neisse. Disaster alarms were also triggered in parts of the Saxon Switzerland-Eastern Ore Mountains district after several smaller tributaries of the Elbe overflowed their banks. Landslides occurred in Königstein , near Oybin and Lückendorf . Rail traffic between Germany and the Czech Republic had to be interrupted on the Elbe Valley Railway . In all of Saxony, electricity went out for several hours in around 11,000 households. On August 16, some rivers flooded again.
- May / June 2013
The low pressure areas Christopher , Dominik , Frederik and Günther caused abundant, long-lasting and sometimes stormy precipitation in Saxony as part of a Vb weather situation from the last decade of May. The following precipitation values were registered at the end of May / beginning of June:
Measuring point | Precipitation 05/29 (mm) | Precipitation 05/30 (mm) | Precipitation May 31st (mm) | Precipitation 01.06. (mm) | Precipitation 02.06. (mm) | Precipitation 03.06. (mm) | Total precipitation 29.05. – 03.06. (mm) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Werda dam | 0 | 5 | 58 | 27 | 50 | 51 | 191 |
Carlsfeld dam | 0 | 3 | 46 | 13 | 96 | 28 | 196 |
Eibenstock dam | 0 | 1 | 55 | 27 | 89 | 46 | 218 |
Stollberg dam | 0 | 6th | 57 | 24 | 47 | 57 | 191 |
Neunzehnhain I dam | 0 | 6th | 42 | 9 | 61 | 61 | 179 |
Lichtenberg dam | 8th | 1 | 42 | 8th | 62 | 72 | 193 |
Altenberg storage facility | 1 | 6th | 46 | 11 | 73 | 55 | 192 |
Gottleuba dam | 10 | 4th | 39 | 4th | 34 | 48 | 131 |
Bautzen dam | 24 | 6th | 11 | 3 | 12 | 28 | 84 |
Flood warning level 4 (flood defense) was reached on numerous rivers at the beginning of June . After this warning level was exceeded, disaster alarms were triggered in the three independent cities of Chemnitz , Leipzig and Dresden as well as in seven other districts of the Free State.
West Saxony and the Vogtland with the river areas of Freiberger and Zwickauer Mulde , the United Mulde and the White Elster were particularly affected by the floods . Parts of the communities Colditz , Döbeln , Glauchau , Grimma , Rochlitz , Trebsen , Wechselburg , Wilkau-Haßlau and Zwickau ( Schlunzig ) were under water and some of them were evacuated. In Eilenburg , the city center was cleared and around 7,000 people were housed elsewhere. Also Chemnitz , Flöha and Frankenberg / Sa. were severely affected by floods.
The dams and reservoirs Pirk , Eibenstock , Sosa , Stollberg , Neunzehnhain I and Neunzehnhain II , Witznitz , Radeburg I , Bautzen and Quitzdorf reached their full damming limit (damming of extraordinary flood retention area IAHR) and overflowed from June 2nd .
On the afternoon of June 3, the water levels of the Elbe in Schöna and Riesa as well as the Große Röder in Großdittmannsdorf and the Lausitzer Neisse in Görlitz also reached flood warning level 4.
In the Upper Elbe Valley, evacuation measures began on June 3 in the settlement areas between Schmilka and Dresden near the river . By June 5, 8,670 people in the Saxon Switzerland-Eastern Ore Mountains district had been evacuated from the floods of the Elbe, 7,700 of them in Pirna alone .
On June 4, the flood situation in West Saxony slowly eased, the levels at Weißer Elster and the two hollows fell significantly. Only at the level measuring points around Leipzig on the Parthe, Weißer Elster and the United Mulde was flood warning level 4 still declared.
On the other hand, the Elbe level continued to rise, in Schöna the highest level of 10.65 meters was reached on June 6 at 4 a.m. (discharge: 3830 m³ / s). The inner cities of Bad Schandau , Königstein , Stadt Wehlen and Pirna were flooded. Parts of these cities were also flooded by the backwater of the rivers Kirnitzsch , Biela and Gottleuba , which flow into the Elbe . The Pirna city bridge was closed to traffic due to the flooding of the entrances and exits. In addition, the traffic on the S-Bahn line S 1 between Heidenau and Schöna had to be stopped.
In Dresden the Elbe reached its highest level of 8.76 meters on June 6th at 10 am (discharge: 4380 m³ / s). Many districts near the Elbe, such as Pillnitz , Laubegast and Gohlis, were affected by flooding. A total of around 1656 hectares of the urban area were flooded (2002: 3100 hectares). About 23,500 people had to be evacuated from their homes. The Loschwitzer Bridge ("Blue Wonder") and the Niederwartha Bridge were closed to traffic.
In the further course of the Elbe, parts of Radebeul , the old town of Meißen and parts of Riesa were also flooded. The Riesa Elbe bridge also had to be closed to traffic.
On June 5th, several villages in northern Saxony had to be evacuated because of an overflowing lake. Especially for Löbnitz , located on Lake Seelhausen , and its district of Sausedlitz, the risk of flooding and earth collapses was very high. To relieve the Seelhausen lake, a dam was blown up on the Mulde to prevent further filling.
On June 9th in the Ore Mountains, Saxon Switzerland and Upper Lusatia, heavy rainfalls with hail were recorded again. It was z. For example, at the Lehnmühle dam, a precipitation of 61 mm was measured within an hour. In Schmiedeberg , snow and hail were up to a meter high. The water levels of a number of small rivers rose within a short time, sometimes considerably. The level of the Sebnitz in Sebnitz increased from 58 cm to 167 cm within 6 hours. Floods and landslides occurred locally in numerous places. Parts of the communities Aue , Ebersbach-Neugersdorf , Hartmannsdorf-Reichenau , Hochkirch , Rochlitz , Schmiedeberg , Weißenberg and Zschorlau were affected .
A total of 295 of the 438 municipalities were affected by the June flood. Disaster alarms were triggered in 127 communities. The preliminary damage amount was estimated at around € 2 billion (as of June 25, 2013). In comparison, the damage caused by the floods in 2002 amounted to around € 6.2 billion.
- May 2014
On May 27, 2014, limited but very strong convective precipitation caused local flooding, especially in the Dresden and Meißen area. Roads were flooded and the asphalt was washed away by mudslides. Small streams and rivers burst their banks locally and flooded several villages. The damage cannot be foreseen yet.
literature
Overview displays / individual flood events
- The great water shortage in Saxony in 1897. Described according to reports from eyewitnesses. (Reprint of the original edition from 1897). Husum 2002, ISBN 3-89876-071-5 .
- The water disaster in the Kingdom of Saxony on July 30th and 31st, 1897. Dresden 1897 ( digitized version )
- Friedrich August Bergner: The great flood of water at the end of July and the beginning of August of this year, which broke in over different areas of our fatherland . Lindner, Buchholz 1858 ( digitized version )
- Dieter Fügner: Flood disasters in Saxony. Taucha 2002, ISBN 3-910074-31-6 .
- Dieter Fügner: Flood disasters in Saxony. A historical overview. In: Landesverein Sächsischer Heimatschutz (Hrsg.): Messages. Issue 1/2004, pp. 23-31.
- Rüdiger Glaser : Climate History of Central Europe. 1000 years of weather, climate, disasters. Primus-Verlag, Darmstadt 2001, ISBN 3-89678-405-6 .
- Karina Helfricht, Jürgen Helfricht : The millennium flood in 2002 in Saxony. Husum 2002, ISBN 3-89876-070-7 .
- Saxon State Office for Environment and Geology (ed.): Meteorological and hydrological analysis of the spring flood 2006 in the Saxon rivers . Dresden 2006 ( digitized version )
- Saxon State Office for Environment, Agriculture and Geology (ed.): Event analysis of floods in August and September 2010 and in January 2011 in Saxony . Dresden 2013 ( digitized version )
- Saxon State Office for Environment, Agriculture and Geology (ed.): Hydrological monthly report with preliminary evaluation of the floods in June 2013 . Dresden 2013 ( digitized version ( memento from November 10, 2013 in the Internet Archive ))
- Saxon State Office for Environment, Agriculture and Geology (ed.): Event analysis flood June 2013 . Dresden 2014 ( digitized version )
- Saxon State Ministry for the Environment and State Development (Ed.): Flood protection in Saxony. Water management materials. 1/1995, Dresden.
- Wilhelm Werner: Map of the Elbe river within the Kingdom of Saxony. With indication of the flood area reached by the flood of March 31, 1845. 1 card (15 sheets). M 1: 12,000. Dresden 1855. ( online in the map forum of the Deutsche Fotothek )
Regional representations / individual river areas
- Adolf Böhm: The floods in the United Mulde. In: Sächsische Heimatblätter. Issue 2/2001, pp. 93-95.
- Dresden printing and publishing house (ed.): Flood of the century in the Elbe valley. Between Schmilka and Pirna, Mühlbach and Heidenau. Dresden 2002, ISBN 3-9808416-2-6 .
- Dresden printing and publishing house (ed.): Flood of the century in the Weißeritz district. Between Rehefeld and Freital, Altenberg and Glashütte. Dresden 2002, ISBN 3-936642-05-2 .
- Ulrich Hammerschmidt (Hrsg.): The Century Book 1900-2000. Pictures and stories from Chemnitz, the Ore Mountains, Vogtland and Muldental. Chemnitz 1999, ISBN 3-928678-54-X .
- Christian Gottlieb Pötzsch: Chronological history of the great floods of the Elbe river for a thousand and more years. Vol. 1–3: Dresden 1784, 1796, 180. ( digitized version)
- Saxon State Agency for Agriculture (ed.): Flood protection on the Mulde. Preventive flood protection through water retention in the area with special consideration of nature conservation aspects using the example of the river catchment area of the Mulde in Saxony . Series 35/2007, Dresden 2007 ( digitized version )
- Saxon State Office for Environment, Agriculture and Geology (ed.): Flood 2002 in the Mulde area - a meteorological-hydrological analysis . Series of publications 32/2009, Dresden 2009 ( digitized version )
- Gerd H. Schmitz, Robert Schwarze, Franz Lennartz: The potential of flood forecasting for damage reduction - demonstrated using the example of the Upper Elbe Valley and the Eastern Ore Mountains. In: Kuratorium Altstadt Pirna eV (Ed.): Pirnaer Hefte. Issue 5. Pirna 2003, ISSN 1616-6469 , pp. 151-178.
local representations
- Petrus Albinus : Thorough and thorough description of the terrible flood of water, which in the August month of this ongoing 1573th year did great damage to the Schneeberg, the famous mountain town, located in the land of Meissen . Wittenberg 1573 ( digitized version )
- Erich Barth: Pirna flood disaster on July 23, 1957 . ( Digitized version )
- Paul Gau: The flood in Meißen 1890 from September 5th to 9th, 1890 . multi-volume work, Meißen 1890 ( digitized version )
- Lutz Hennig: disaster area Müglitztal: a documentation of the worst floods of the past hundred years Weesenstein. Weesenstein 2003, ISBN 3-00-012901-4 .
- City of Glashütte (Ed.): Glassworks Saxony. 1506-2006. 500 years of city history. Saxonia-Verlag for Law, Economy and Culture, Dresden 2006, ISBN 3-937951-31-8 .
Web links
- State Flood Center (LHWZ) Saxony - information on flood risks
- Maps, geospatial services and data on the subject of floods in Saxony at www.umwelt.sachsen.de
- Windhosen in the Ore Mountains and Ore Mountains Foreland
- Thunderstorm observations in the Ore Mountains
- Operational disruptions due to storms in Saxon rail traffic
- Flood disasters in Central Europe ( Memento from December 14, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 435 kB)
- Information platform Undine: Extreme events Elbe: Flood events in the Elbe stream
Individual evidence
- ↑ Friedrich Kurz (Ed.): Scriptores rerum Germanicarum in usum scholarum separatim editi 6: Annales regni Francorum inde from a. 741 usque ad a. 829, qui dicuntur Annales Laurissenses maiores et Einhardi. Hanover 1895, pp. 66–69 ( Monumenta Germaniae Historica , digitized version )
- ↑ cit. in: anonymus: The great water shortage in Saxony in 1897. Described according to reports from eyewitnesses. Saxon. Volksschriftenverlag, Leipzig 1898, OCLC 255118404 . (Reprint of the 1897 edition: Husum-Dr.-und-Verl.-Ges., Husum 2002, ISBN 3-89876-071-5 , p. 383)
- ↑ Historical flood events ( Memento from July 25, 2013 in the Internet Archive ), Flood News Service Bavaria
- ↑ Anton Weck : The Chur-Princely Saxon widely-called Residentz- and Haupt-Vestung Dresden description and presentation . Johann Hoffmann, Nuremberg 1680, p. 527 ( digitized in Google book search).
- ^ Dieter Fügner: Flood disasters in Saxony. A historical overview. In: Landesverein Sächsischer Heimatschutz (Hrsg.): Messages. Issue 1/2004, pp. 23–31, p. 24.
- ^ Richard Flachs (Ed.): Petermanns Pirnische Chronik (1729). Edited from the copies available in the Council Archives. Pirna 1914, p. 155.
- ^ City of Glashütte (ed.): Glassworks Saxony. 1506-2006. 500 years of city history. Dresden 2006, p. 376.
- ^ Carl Wilhelm Hering: History of the Saxon Highlands . Volume 2, Leipzig 1828, p. 51.
- ^ Carl Wilhelm Hering: History of the Saxon Highlands . Volume 2, Leipzig 1828, pp. 54f.
- ^ Carl Wilhelm Hering: History of the Saxon Highlands . Volume 2, Leipzig 1828, p. 77f.
- ↑ cit. in: anonymus: The great water shortage in Saxony in 1897. Described according to reports from eyewitnesses. Saxon. Volksschriftenverlag, Leipzig 1898, OCLC 255118404 . (Reprint of the 1897 edition: Husum-Dr.-und-Verl.-Ges., Husum 2002, ISBN 3-89876-071-5 , p. 385)
- ^ Richard Flachs (Ed.): Petermanns Pirnische Chronik (1729). Edited from the copies available in the Council Archives. Pirna 1914, p. 145.
- ^ Christian Lehmann: Historischer Schauplatz (1699, Reprint 1994), p. 268, followed by a detailed description of the damage up to p. 290
- ^ Carl Wilhelm Hering: History of the Saxon Highlands . Volume 2, Leipzig 1828, p. 93.
- ^ Carl Wilhelm Hering: History of the Saxon Highlands . Volume 2, Leipzig 1828, p. 106.
- ↑ Gottfried Nitzsche: Sebnitzer experienced a day of horror. In: Saxon newspaper. (Pirna edition), March 12, 2003, p. 18.
- ^ Ernst Friedrich Wilhelm Heinse: The devastation caused by a cloudburst in the small town of Wehlen near Pirna . Dresden 1822.
- ↑ Peter Albrecht: 180 years ago: Syra tears people to their deaths in storms. In: Freie Presse (Vogtland / Plauen edition), July 22, 2014.
- ↑ Ewald Christian Victorin Dietrich : Addendum to the terrible days of the great flood in Saxony on July 31, August 1, August 2, 1858. Glück, Leipzig 1858.
- ↑ The great hailstorm in Leipzig and the surrounding area on August 27, 1860
- ↑ a b G. Th. Reichelt: The flooding of the Lausitz on June 14, 1880 . Hager, Chemnitz 1880, p. 4.
- ↑ Hildegard Kother: Severe weather in Großhennersdorf . In: Großhennersdorfer stories. Vol. 1, Großhennersdorf 2004, p. 4. ( online as PDF ( memento from July 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive ); 3.2 MB)
- ↑ a b Manfred Winter: Water washes houses and people away. In: Saxon newspaper. October 5, 2002.
- ↑ How Pließnitz forced father and son to ride on the roof. In: Saxon newspaper. 17th August 2011.
- ↑ Thunderstorms killed over a hundred 130 years ago. In: Saxon newspaper. June 19, 2010.
- ^ "The merciless Weißeritz", Sächsische Zeitung (Freitel edition) of May 7, 2016
- ↑ Gero Fehlhauer: Hochwasser im Vogtland 1954 and 2013. Sutton-Verlag, Erfurt 2013, ISBN 978-3-95400-303-7 , pp. 18, 21 and 23. Digital extract with illustrations
- ^ Flood in Zwickau and friendship of the act - July 1954 , without giving the publisher, place and year (1954), permission to print Kz. 4278/54, unpag. (P. 1)
- ^ Sächsisches Landesamt für Umwelt und Geologie (Ed.): Event analysis flood in August 2002 in the Eastern Ore Mountains rivers . Dresden 2004, p. 112
- ^ Sächsisches Landesamt für Umwelt und Geologie (Hg.): Event analysis of the flood in August 2002 in the Eastern Ore Mountains rivers . Dresden 2004, p. 122
- ^ Sächsisches Landesamt für Umwelt und Geologie (Hg.): Event analysis of the flood in August 2002 in the Eastern Ore Mountains rivers . Dresden 2004, p. 97
- ^ Sächsisches Landesamt für Umwelt und Geologie (Hg.): Event analysis of the flood in August 2002 in the Eastern Ore Mountains rivers . Dresden 2004, p. 38
- ↑ The memorial stone for the flood disaster is given a new name , Sächsische Zeitung (Freital edition) from June 1, 2008
- ^ Sächsisches Landesamt für Umwelt und Geologie (Hg.): Event analysis of the flood in August 2002 in the Eastern Ore Mountains rivers . Dresden 2004, p. 182
- ↑ Helmut Cedra: From tradition. 450 years of paper production in Königstein / Saxony. H. Cedra, Kurort Gohrisch 2010, ISBN 978-3-00-029779-3 .
- ^ The tornado from Whit Monday ( memento from April 12, 2013 in the web archive archive.today ), Echt - Das Magazin zum Staunen , MDR, August 14, 2012.
- ↑ Tornadoes cover roofs - a girl dies. In: The world . May 24, 2010.
- ^ "Land under" in Chemnitz. In: Saxony television . August 7, 2010, accessed May 23, 2020 .
- ↑ Chemnitz-Umland: damage assessment after tidal wave. In: Free Press. August 8, 2010 ( copy of text ( memento from April 12, 2013 in the web archive archive.today )).
- ↑ The flood situation in Saxony worsens dramatically. ( Memento from September 11, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ) In: Sächsische Zeitung online. August 8, 2010.
- ↑ Disaster areas are closed to public traffic. ( Memento from September 6, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ) Press release No. 003-hochwasser / 2010 of the Pirna District Office of August 8, 2010.
- ↑ Three fatalities in floods in Saxony. In: The world . August 7, 2010.
- ↑ Dam reporting center of the State Dam Administration Saxony, data status June 4, 2013 at 7:15 a.m.
- ↑ Floods in Bavaria, Thuringia, Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt: Dresden triggers a disaster alarm
- ↑ Rain and no end. faz.net, June 3, 2013, accessed June 3, 2013
- ↑ Dam reporting center of the state dam administration of Saxony, data status June 5, 2013 at 9:15 p.m.
- ↑ Press release H-028/2013 of the LRA Pirna from June 5, 2013 ( Memento from June 19, 2013 in the web archive archive.today )
- ↑ Press release H-022/2013 of the LRA Pirna from June 4, 2013 ( Memento from June 19, 2013 in the web archive archive.today )
- ↑ LfULG Saxony, measurement point display of the Schöna gauge, as of June 6, 2013 at 8 p.m.
- ↑ Numerous traffic restrictions lifted - Kahrenweg still closed ( memento from June 19, 2013 in the web archive archive.today ), press release from the city of Pirna from June 5, 2013.
- ↑ LfULG Saxony, measurement point display of the Dresden gauge, as of June 6, 2013 at 8 p.m.
- ↑ More Elb-Wasser than 2002 , Sächsische Zeitung (Pirna edition) of June 10, 2013
- ↑ Current information on the flood. City of Dresden, June 5, 2013, accessed on July 2, 2017 (press release).
- ↑ Villages in Saxony are being evacuated , in the live ticker on welt.de on June 5, 2013
- ↑ Hail and water masses: The weather is going crazy. In: Sächsische Zeitung (Pirna edition), June 10, 2013.
- ↑ Violent storm in the district of Saxon Switzerland-Eastern Ore Mountains - disaster alarm triggered , Dresdner Latest News from June 10, 2013
- ↑ LfULG Sachsen, measurement point display at Sebnitz 2 gauge, as of June 10, 2013 at 8:15 p.m.
- ↑ flood conference in Altzella - Tight schedule for Saxon flood municipalities , www.mdr.de of 14 June 2013 ( Memento of 20 June 2013 Internet Archive )
- ↑ Flood damage at around two billion euros. Saxon State Chancellery, June 25, 2013, accessed on July 2, 2017 .
- ↑ International Commission for the Protection of the Elbe: Documentation of the flood of August 2002 in the catchment area of the Elbe . ( Memento of April 21, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Magdeburg 2004, p. 57 (PDF; 42.4 MB)