Clausnitz
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Clausnitz
Community Rechenberg-Bienenmühle
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| Area : | 14.5 km² | |
| Residents : | 870 (May 9, 2011) | |
| Population density : | 60 inhabitants / km² | |
| Incorporation : | January 1, 1994 | |
| Postal code : | 09623 | |
| Area code : | 037327 | |
Location of Clausnitz in Saxony |
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Clausnitz (until March 31, 2008 officially Clausnitz / Erzgeb. ) Is a district of Rechenberg-Bienenmühle in the district of central Saxony . The village is located in the Eastern Ore Mountains , in the Rachel valley , a tributary of the Freiberger Mulde . Clausnitz emerged as a typical forest hoof village in the course of clearing in the 12th century . Two and three-sided farmsteads as well as half-timbered houses characterize the townscape.
geography
The place is located in the east of the district of central Saxony about 22 kilometers south of the district town Freiberg and about five kilometers from the Czech border. The main town of Rechenberg-Bienenmühle is located east of Clausnitz, which is centrally located in the Eastern Ore Mountains. The Clausnitz district has an area of around 14.5 square kilometers and borders clockwise on the Nassau (zu Frauenstein), Holzhau , Rechenberg-Bienenmühle, Cämmerswalde (zu Neuhausen / Erzgeb.), Friedebach (zu Sayda) and the municipality of Dorfchemnitz .
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The place extends along the village road, which follows the course of the Rachel from the state road 211 to the Muldental. There, at the confluence with the state road 208 , is the Hp Clausnitz on the Nossen – Moldava v Krušných horách (Freiberg Mulde Valley Railway ). The Freiberg railway company offers trips between Freiberg and Holzhau every hour during the day. The federal road 171 ( Dippoldiswalde - Marienberg ) crosses the local area a little north of the center of the village.
history
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Clausnitz was in the area of Germania Slavica in the wake of the country's expansion of probably the entire Erzgebirge covering jungle around 1200 by Frankish established settlers. The settlement was carried out by the feudal lords of the Slavic Hrabischitz family, who later sat at Purschenstein Castle . The village was first mentioned in a document in 1398 in the spelling Clussenicz . The place name changed in the following centuries from Klawßnitz (1451) and Clawsenicz (1479) to Claussnitz (1641). Clausnitz quickly developed into a comparatively large farming village. Already in 1551 the place counted 46 possessed men and 172 inhabitants , i. H. a total of about 400 inhabitants. The economic basis of the village was agriculture as well as the intensive mining of silver and copper ores, which was practiced in the 15th and 16th centuries.
On July 10, 1563, the Clausnitz pastor Wolfgang Uhle killed the local judge George Bieber in a dispute. Pastor-Uhle-Stein remembers this at the scene of the murder . A flood of the Rachel after a storm destroyed a total of 13 houses in the village on May 15, 1622, 27 people were killed.
In the east of the Clausnitz district, the Neuclausnitz settlement was created in 1875 , which from then on belonged to the Clausnitz rural community as a district.
Mining in Clausnitz
Mining activities can be traced back to 1460 in the small Clausnitz mining area, which is part of the Freiberg district. A concession granted by Friedrich II this year relates to the resumption of mining, so that the origins of Clausnitz mining are significantly older. The subject of the mining were two ore veins ( Salomo Spat , Emanuel Stehender ), which are to be assigned to the copper type of the gritty, blinding lead ore formation (kb formation). Mining flourished in the 15th and 16th centuries. The copper ores extracted from the St. Michaelis , St. Wolfgang , King Solomon and King David mines were processed on site in two stamping works and a smelter or delivered to the Saigerhütte Grünthal . To King David of the Upper Bergmeister built Martin planners in 1562 even two Kunstgezeuge one, the pit St. Wolfgang then part of the famous southern German patrician family of Welser .
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Mining came to a standstill at the beginning of the 17th century, probably because the mine workings flooded due to a storm in 1622 . Attempts at resumption (1740/41, 1783) were unsuccessful. From 1860 to 1866 took place the excavation of approximately 400 m long St. Michaelis Stolln with which the old mines of King Solomon mining area were recalled and removed from the water. The mining company was the Clausnitzer Bergbaugewerkschaft , founded in 1858 , a union under mining law that carried out exploration work until 1877, but then discontinued it for lack of prospects of success. A last mining attempt was made between 1920 and 1923.
Several mining damage has made extensive renovation and security work necessary in recent years. From 2001 to 2004 the St. Michaelis tunnel was renovated over a length of approx. 400 m.
Riots against refugees on February 18, 2016
On the evening of February 18, 2016, opponents of a new asylum seeker accommodation gathered in Clausnitz to block the arrival of the first residents. In front of a bus with refugees they chanted the slogan “ We are the people ” and xenophobic slogans such as “Foreigners out”. Those arriving were prevented from leaving the bus for almost two hours; they were only able to enter the building after the police intervened. A video of the event was broadcast on social networks. The incident made headlines nationwide in connection with the refugee crisis , it was described by the national media as the "shame of Clausnitz". Federal police officers were also involved in the police measures . In particular, the violent action taken by a federal police officer against a refugee underage was criticized.
Development of the population
The following table shows the population development in Clausnitz. The values between 1875 and 1994 include the population of the former Neuclausnitz district.
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Attractions
- New dig rafts
- The Neugraben raft is a raft ditch built between the Flöha from Fláje (Fleyh) to the Freiberg Mulde to supply wood to the Freiberg mining and steel works. The Neugraben raft ends south of Clausnitz in the Rachel, which was included in Clausnitz in its natural course in the raft ditch. For more than 350 years it served the logging industry .
- St. Michaelis Stolln
- The tunnel is open several times a year (no regular visitor mine) and can be used up to the mining of the King David mine .
- Village church
- The Clausnitz Church was used as a pilgrimage church in the pre-Reformation period . The current building dates from 1696. The wooden ceiling as well as the altar, pulpit and baptismal font from the 17th century are worth seeing. The bells have their own story. They were supposed to be melted down during the war, but were saved by the pastor at the time.
Personalities
- Christoph Schindler (1596–1669), lawyer and clergyman, local pastor
- Werner Herklotz (born May 25, 1931), GDR politician and diplomat, ambassador to Somalia (1970–1974)
- Jürgen Wolf (born November 9, 1952), cross-country skier, multiple GDR champion
literature
- anonymous: The history of goods in Clausnitz, Brand-Erbisdorf district. compiled from the court books and land registers. no place or publisher information, approx. 1959
- Richard Steche : Clausnitz. In: Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 3. Issue: Amtshauptmannschaft Freiberg . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1884, p. 3.
Web links
- Clausnitz in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- Website for the district
- The blood stone in Clausnitz
Individual evidence
- ^ A b Population, households, families as well as buildings and apartments on May 9, 2011 according to parts of the municipality. (PDF; 236 kB) In: Kleinräumiges Gemeindeblatt Census 2011. State Statistical Office Saxony, accessed on February 20, 2016 .
- ^ Carl Wilhelm Hering: History of the Saxon Highlands. Volume 2, Leipzig 1828, p. 77f.
- ↑ Die Schande von Clausnitz , Spiegel Online , February 19, 2016
- ↑ Die Schande von Clausnitz in: Der Tagesspiegel from February 20, 2016
- ^ Welt.de: Xenophobic mob in Saxony scares refugees , from February 19, 2016
- ↑ FAZ.NET: New video shows controversial police operation. In: FAZ.net . February 20, 2016, accessed February 20, 2016 .
- ^ Clausnitz in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- ↑ Changes in population / area for 14 0 17 050 community Clausnitz / Erzgeb. In: Regional Register Saxony. State Statistical Office of Saxony, accessed on February 20, 2016 .
- ↑ Information on Neugraben rafts ( Memento of October 7, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ The “St. Michaelis-Stolln in Clausnitz " ( Memento from December 24, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Information on mining and the St. Michaelis tunnel ( Memento from December 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive )