Eilenburg
| coat of arms | Germany map | |
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Coordinates: 51 ° 28 ' N , 12 ° 38' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Saxony | |
| County : | North Saxony | |
| Height : | 106 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 46.84 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 15,557 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 332 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 04838 | |
| Area code : | 03423 | |
| License plate : | TDO, DZ, EB, OZ, TG, TO | |
| Community key : | 14 7 30 110 | |
| City structure: | 3 districts, 6 districts | |
City administration address : |
Marktplatz 1 04838 Eilenburg |
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| Website : | ||
| Lord Mayor : | Ralf Scheler ( independent ) | |
| Location of the city of Eilenburg in the northern Saxony district | ||
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The large district town of Eilenburg is a town on the Mulde in the north-west of Saxony on the edge of the Düben Heath , around 20 kilometers northeast of the university and trade fair city of Leipzig . The city belongs to the district of North Saxony and has almost 16,000 inhabitants; this makes it the fourth largest city in the district. It is a medium-sized center and in a broader sense belongs to the Leipzig-Halle agglomeration , which is part of the Central Germany metropolitan region . Eilenburg is well integrated into the road and rail network of Saxony and Central Germany with two federal highways and some railway lines.
In 961, the "civitas Ilburg" first found in a document I. Otto mention. With Friedrich I von Wettin , the Wettins began to rule over town and country. The Eilenburg is considered the cradle of Saxony since the investiture I. Henry of Eilenburg with the Meissen Saxony's territorial state was founded in the 1089th Under the protection of the castle, which was built on a high plateau, a planned urban complex was built on the Via Regia around 1200 . During the Thirty Years' War the town was threatened with complete destruction by the Swedes in 1639, which was prevented by Martin Rinckart's supplication service . The Peace of Eilenburg finally ended the war for Saxony in September 1648. In 1813 Napoleon I moved into quarters in Eilenburg, where he held the last military display of his allied Saxon troops before the Battle of Leipzig . Eilenburg, ceded to Prussia by the Congress of Vienna, developed into an important industrial center in the 19th century. The population explosion and the resulting severe social tensions promoted the answer to the social question by the people of Eilenburg. The manufacturer Carl Degenkolb introduced the first works councils in Germany in his factory . The doctor Anton Bernhardi and his colleagues founded the food association, the first consumer cooperative in 1849, and the first real credit cooperative in Germany a year later, the Eilenburg loan association .
Around 90 percent of the city was destroyed during the Allied shelling in World War II. After the years of reconstruction , development in the city stagnated. The shortage and the environmental pollution caused by industry also prompted the citizens of Eilenburg to demonstrate peacefully in autumn 1989. After the reunification, the grown industrial structure fell apart. Heavy emigration and a low birth rate put the city in a process of contraction that continues to this day. At the same time, the decline of industry has allowed gentle tourism to develop. The city, marketed as the “Mulde city with a green heart”, is now a stop on national and international tourist routes.
geography
Geographical location
Eilenburg is located in the Mulde river valley south of the Düben Heath on the eastern edge of the Leipzig lowland bay . The Mulde flows through the city and separates the east part of the city from the rest of the city. To the north and south of the city it flows as a wild river with many meanders through a wide flood plain . In addition, the Lossa , coming from the Hohburg mountains , flows into the Mulde in Eilenburg . As a result, Eilenburg was severely affected by the flood of the century in August 2002 when the entire city center was flooded.
The nearest larger cities are in the south-west Leipzig (20 kilometers away) and Taucha (15), in the west Delitzsch (21), in the north Bad Düben (16), in the east Torgau (27) and in the south Wurzen (12).
The market square, the center of the city, is 106 meters above sea level . The highest peaks in the vicinity are the Steinberg with 155 meters height south of Pressen and the Philipsberg (133), the Golmesberg (158) and the Heidenberg (159) southwest of Wedelwitz .
Six communities border the city of Eilenburg: Zschepplin in the north, Doberschütz in the north-east and east , which is already part of the Dübener Heide nature park, Thallwitz in the south-east in the Leipzig district , Jesewitz in the south-west, Krostitz in the west and Schönwölkau in the north-west in the combing forest area .
geology
The landscape around Eilenburg is characterized by the terminal moraines of the Saale Ice Age . The protected area of Taucha- Eilenburg begins west to south-west of Eilenburg, with a size of 38.1 square kilometers. Inland glaciers penetrated the northern Saxony area several times, leaving behind mighty gravel layers. These were partly carried back by the meltwater , but in the cold phases they were graveled again by loose rock material from the low mountain ranges. The gravel and sands deposited at that time are now being mined east of Eilenburg, so that new lakes are created there. The western part of Eilenburg lies on a layer of Holocene loam and gravel.
City structure
Districts
Based on the settlement structure and the geographical conditions, the city area can be divided into the districts of Eilenburg-Berg in the west, Eilenburg-Mitte and Eilenburg-Ost , although the city administration does not carry out separate statistical recording of these. The districts of Berg and Mitte are delimited by the artificially created Mühlgraben, areas at the foot of the Burgberg also belong to the Berg district, for example the area around the Ilburg Stadium and Maxim-Gorki-Platz. The so-called Mühlinsel with around 50 inhabitants, which is created by dividing the Mühlgraben on the border between the districts of Mitte and Berg, is usually counted as part of the center . The Mulde delimits the Mitte and Ost districts. The eastern part of the city alone offered living space for around 10,000 people, which corresponded to around half of the city's residents. Since the beginning of the 1990s, this part of the city with its extensive GDR old and new buildings has suffered from a sharp decline in residents and the associated demolition of housing . In contrast to this, the districts of Mitte and Berg have become more attractive due to the renovation of old buildings and the designation of new residential areas for home construction and have a largely stable population.
Historic suburbs of Eilenburg were the eight municipalities , most of which, with the exception of Hainichen, were incorporated into the 19th century. They have the following names: Torgauer Steinweg , Gassen-Gemeinde , Hinterstadt , Sand-Gemeinde , Zscheppelende , Leipziger Steinweg , Hainichen and Tal-Gemeinde .
Districts
The place Hainichen has belonged to Eilenburg since January 1st, 1974 , a few kilometers north of the Berg district with its 250 inhabitants today. The place is like the city also on the Mulde. Also on January 1, 1974, the town of Wedelwitz with almost 200 inhabitants came to the city. It is located at the federal road junction of the B 87 and the B 107 south of Eilenburg-Berg, surrounded by a water protection area .
Since 1997, the municipality has extended several kilometers further west, where the four localities of the Kospa-Pressen municipality were incorporated. The westernmost district of Eilenburg is now Behlitz with a little less than 200 inhabitants. The district of Pressen (216 inhabitants) follows further east , which is connected to the Halle (Saale) - Eilenburg railway line through the Kämmereiforst station . Further towards the city center follows the smallest district, Zschettgau , with 173 inhabitants , where the meeting center Lebens (T) raum is located, which is sponsored by the city. In addition to its importance as a cultural center, it serves as a conference venue for the local council. Zschettgau is the only district that is not exclusively built up as a village. Here is a small old new housing estate that was built for the employees of the former LPG . The largest district of Eilenburg's Kospa with 250 inhabitants is located on State Road 4 .
history
Origin of the city name
Like most place names in the region, the name Eilenburg is of Slavic origin. It is derived from Eilenburg Castle , which was first mentioned in 961 as Ilburg . The Eulenburg (noble family) bear their name of origin after this castle . It has been passed down many times over the centuries (Hilburg, Ilburg, Hilburch, Ilburc, Ileborch, Ylenburg, Jilburg, Yllenburck, Eylburg, Eylenburg, Eylenberg, Eyleburg, Illeburg, Eilenburgk, Eulenburg, Eulenburgk) and thus experienced various interpretations. It is most likely that Ilburg can be traced back to the Slavic name il as a place with clay or clay deposits (Jilow, Jilobor). The field adjacent to the castle was once called Ilenfeld , the steep mountain slope is still called Lehmberg today. Due to Lautwandel, Ilburg became the current place name.
City history
Prehistory and early history
The oldest legacies of the people in what is now Eilenburg's urban area go back to the Paleolithic . Trans-regional importance in the pre- and early historical research have magdalénienzeitlichen find sites in neighboring Groitzsch in Eilenburg , some 4 kilometers south of the city, from, among others, a small Tonschieferplatte with bilateral engraved horse representations originates. Starting with the ceramic culture , the high terraces of the Mulde were among the preferred settlement areas in Central Germany for several millennia . It was not until the time of the Roman emperors and the migration of peoples that the settlement broke off for a longer period of time.
middle Ages
In the areas between the Saale and Elbe, which were largely freed during the migration period, with a remaining population of mostly Germanic tribes , Slavic population groups settled from the late 6th century , initially along the Elbe, and in the 7th and 8th centuries also along the Mulde. Eilenburg was in the center of a naturally limited, approximately 270 square kilometer settlement area on the central Mulde, in which around 100 smaller hamlet-like settlements emerged. Its inhabitants probably referred to themselves as Siusli . The Slavs between Saale and Mulde belonged to the tribal union of the Sorbs (lat. Sorabi sclavi ) by the end of the 8th century at the latest . Probably in the 9th century they built the Eilenburg , a ring-like castle as a refuge fort on a dome-like rim height of the Muldental that included an approximately 220 by 150 meters large plateau. Remnants of this fortification form the up to ten meter high earth walls on the castle hill. With the incorporation of the areas between Saale and Elbe under Kings Heinrich I and Otto I into Eastern Franconia , the castle became the center of a castle guard and thus the center of a manorial rule in the region, which also included a church dedicated to St. Peter.
A civitas Ilburg in the Suisile area is mentioned for the first time in a document from Otto I of July 29, 961 . In the year 1000, the Burgward, originally directly subordinate to the king, was located. H. the entire area with Eilenburg Castle in the center, in the county of Count Friedrich I from the Wettin family . Even after his death, the pagus Siusili and thus also Eilenburg remained in the hands of the Wettins, who owned the castle, town and surrounding area until they abdicated as kings of Saxony in 1918.
As in other castles in the Mulde area, such as Wurzen or Rochlitz , a merchant settlement was likely to have developed in front of the castle as early as the 11th century, which formed the root of the later town. In a document issued on April 30, 1161, a parrochia in Ilburch is mentioned for the first time . At the end of the 12th and beginning of the 13th century, the castle experienced a representative expansion with a curtain wall and at least two towers made of brick. The so-called Sorbenturm (around 1200) and the south-west tower of the castle (after 1230) were residential towers that probably served as the seat of the castle crew of the important Wettin castle. Also in the decades around 1200, a planned oval urban complex 600 meters long and 300 meters wide with a grid-shaped road network was built on the terrain east of the castle facing the Mulde.
The city experienced a further rise in the second half of the 14th century under Margrave Wilhelm I.
Modern times
The beginning of the Reformation movement reached Eilenburg at the beginning of the 16th century . So also gave Martin Luther total of seven times in the city and called it "blessed Schmalzgrube".
The Thirty Years' War also left its mark on Eilenburg. If the city was initially spared from fighting, one had to accept the catastrophic economic effects of the war. From 1631 the city was directly involved in the war. In 1632 the Swedish king Gustav II Adolf was laid out in the inn "Zum Roten Hirsch" after he was killed in the battle of Lützen on November 16, 1632. In 1639 Eilenburg was taken by Georg von Derfflinger's troops. In 1646 further peace negotiations between Saxony and Sweden began in Eilenburg in order to extend the expiring armistice of Kötzschenbroda to a general peace agreement ( Westphalian Peace ). The peace of Eilenburg , concluded on September 14, 1648, meant the end of the Thirty Years' War for Electoral Saxony. As a result, the city recovered.
The slowly beginning economic improvement was brought to an abrupt end by the Seven Years' War . Almost every man in Eilenburg was called up for military service. The city was occupied alternately by the Austrians and Prussians. With the end of the war, Eilenburg was again an impoverished and plundered city. The economy stagnated at the end of the 18th century. Eilenburg had become an insignificant country town due to the loss of income from street mandates, according to which commercial traffic passed through the city.
The French Revolution caused a slight economic upturn, but this was neutralized by the French rule from 1806 to 1813. During the coalition wars in 1813, shortly before the Battle of the Nations near Leipzig , Napoleon took up quarters in Eilenburg and held the last army display of his allied Saxon troops in front of Kültzschau, today's Eilenburg-Ost. After Napoleon's defeat, Eilenburg and the Eilenburg office belonged to the area that Saxony had to cede to Prussia in accordance with the provisions of the Congress of Vienna in 1816. As a result of the affiliation to the state that was extremely modern as a result of the Prussian reforms , Eilenburg's transition from a rural to an industrial city was significantly advanced.
With the establishment of numerous textile factories in the suburbs , Eilenburg became an important center of Prussian textile production. The rise to an important industrial city started mainly from nearby Saxony. Saxon industrialists settled in Eilenburg in order to get duty-free access to the Prussian market. The ensuing rural exodus caused the population of Eilenburg to skyrocket. The social tensions resulting from industrialization and the enormous population growth associated with it fostered a strong labor movement of which the city became the center. In 1849 the health insurance support association, in 1850 the Eilenburger Lebensmittelassociation ( consumer cooperative Saxony North ) as the first food cooperative in Germany and the loan association, the first credit cooperative in Germany, were founded. The Eilenburg calico printing company owner Carl Degenkolb , a member of the Frankfurt National Assembly , voluntarily set up the first works councils in Germany in his factory.
With the concession document for the Halle-Sorau-Gubener railway company , the city received its first railway connection at the end of the 19th century. The Halle – Eilenburg – Falkenberg line was opened on June 30, 1872, and the Eilenburg – Leipzig line on November 1, 1874 . With the connection to the rail network and the associated access to the lignite mining areas, the Eilenburg economy continued to develop. It was mainly the chemical and wood and metal processing industries that settled there. With the establishment of the Leipzig company Mey & Co. , later the German Celluloid Factory , a company settled in the city that shaped the city for over a hundred years. With the piano factory founded by the Zimmermann brothers in 1904, Eilenburg was the main location of the largest piano manufacturer in Europe.
During the First World War , hundreds of Eilenburgers were drafted into military service. On October 21, 1917, the future President of the GDR, Wilhelm Pieck, is said to have escaped a military transport at the Eilenburg train station . In total, the First World War cost 800 people from Eilenburg their lives.
At the beginning of the Nazi dictatorship , Eilenburg was a stronghold of the Communist Party of Germany (KPD). The influence reached so far that there were agreements between members of the SA and communists . This is "an expression of the dissatisfaction of disappointed petty-bourgeois Nazi supporters". Later the Gestapo paid particular attention to Eilenburg. About two weeks before the end of the Second World War , the city was almost completely destroyed. On April 17, 1945, a tank alarm was given in Eilenburg, the city was declared a fortress and defense was ordered to the extreme. For three days and three nights, the city was under heavy artillery fire, in which a large part of the building fabric of the city was destroyed. The pointless defense claimed two hundred lives, 90 percent of the city center (65% of all buildings in the city) were destroyed, while the American associations suffered hardly any losses. Eilenburg was one of the most heavily destroyed cities in Germany.
In 1947 237 Eilenburgers returned from captivity. Three years later, Eilenburg hosted the first major event after the war. The one hundred year anniversary of the first German consumer cooperative was celebrated in the city. The city center was rebuilt in the 1950s . With the administrative reform of 1952 in the GDR , the city became the seat of the newly formed Eilenburg district . In Eilenburg-Ost, in particular, some new development areas have been built since the early 1960s. In the 1970s, the eleven-story Eilenburg high-rise was also built using the then new tunnel formwork method. In 1989 the mood of upheaval was also evident in Eilenburg through peaceful demonstrations in which up to seven thousand people took part.
After reunification, many traditional companies came to an economic end; the remaining employers also drastically reduced their workforce. The lost jobs could only partially be compensated by relocating to newly created industrial areas outside the city, such as the Stora Enso . 1994 was the district Eilenburg in the course of the district reform the old district Delitzsch incorporated and the city lost its county seat . In return, Eilenburg was granted the status of a large district town under municipal law in 1997 .
From the flood of the century in the summer of 2002 also Eilenburg was hit hard by flooding the trough. The damage in the center alone amounted to around 135 million euros. The construction of flood protection systems, which was intensified after the flood, was officially completed on September 19, 2008 after investments of 35 million euros. Eilenburg is the first completely flood-protected city in Saxony. The flood protection has proven itself during the strong Mulde floods in June 2013.
With the second Saxon district reform after 1990, which came into force on August 1, 2008, Eilenburg belongs to the newly formed district of Northern Saxony and is one of four district administrative locations.
Religions
In Eilenburg there are only Christian parishes. These are:
- Evangelical Church Community Martin Rinckart Eilenburg. These include the St. Mary's Mountain Church and the St. Nikolai Town Church.
- Catholic parish. The church of St. Francis Xaverius is the church of this parish .
- Evangelical Free Church Eilenburg, since 2006 with a new church, the Friedenskirche.
- New Apostolic Church
- The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
Incorporations
The former urban area of Eilenburg only extended from today's Nordring to Dr.-Külz-Ring or Wallstrasse, where the city walls were. When industrialization began in the mid-19th century, the city walls were first torn down and then the Eilenburg suburbs , in which numerous factories had already settled, were incorporated. In 1856 the communities Torgauer Steinweg , Hinterstadt , Sand-Gemeinde , Leipziger Steinweg , Zscheppelende and Tal-Gemeinde came in . Hintersteinweg followed in 1859 and on August 2, 1864 Kültzschau , the core of what is now Eilenburg-Ost . The new districts grew together with the historic urban area in a short time. On January 1, 1974, Wedelwitz and Hainichen were incorporated southwest of Eilenburg, and on January 1, 1997, the municipality of Kospa-Pressen with four districts.
Population development
In 1806, as a country town, Eilenburg had a population of just over 2000. The onset of industrialization and the affiliation to Prussia determined by the Congress of Vienna in 1815 ensured that the number of inhabitants doubled by 1816. The economy continued to grow in the following decades, so that the number of inhabitants doubled again by 1871. The First World War did not mean a drop in population for Eilenburg - it grew to over 20,000 during the Weimar Republic and until the outbreak of the Second World War. The influx of refugees and displaced persons from the eastern territories of the German Empire at the end of the Second World War and the expulsion of the Germans from Czechoslovakia caused the population to rise briefly to an estimated 30,000; Due to the devastating destruction of the city in April 1945, the number fell sharply again, and ultimately the city lost 2000 inhabitants compared to the pre-war level. During the time of the GDR, the city and with it the number of inhabitants grew again. It reached its historic high in 1986 with just under 22,000 inhabitants.
With the turnaround and decline of industry, this development was reversed . The population development declined between 1990 and 2008 by over twelve percent, with the number of inhabitants falling by up to 2.4 percent pa in the first few years after the fall of the Wall. A slight weakening of the shrinkage can be observed from 1999 - the decrease was up to 1.3 percent annually, whereby in 2002, due to the severe flood of the Mulde, there was a rash in people moving away. The decline in the number of inhabitants is due, on the one hand, to the difference between births and deaths; the number of births has been well below the number of deaths each year since 1990, with an average of around 100 more deaths than births per year. On the other hand, there is an evident discrepancy between arrivals and departures; In 1991, 1995, 1996, 2002 and 2010 in particular, there was strong emigration. Only in 1992, 1993, 2003, 2012 and 2013 did the immigration predominate.
Although the birth rate rose noticeably in 2007, so that in that year there were most births per thousand inhabitants since 1990 and most total births since 1995, a trend reversal in the population development is not in sight. Since 2012, the population has been increasing again.
Population forecast
Due to the generally weaker economic structure in the new federal states, Eilenburg is more affected by demographic change than comparable municipalities in western Germany. According to the Bertelsmann Stiftung's Guide to Demographic Change 2025, the city is in the Cities and Towns category - Category 4 . This category includes cities with rapidly declining populations and an aging society. Both result from the emigration of the young population - especially those with higher educational qualifications - and low birth rates. Other characteristics for this category are high unemployment and low economic potential.
In 2025, the forecast for Eilenburg indicates a population of just over 15,000 people. Compared to 1990 this is a decrease of about 25 percent, compared to 2006 a decrease of 12.4 percent. Eilenburg is expected to lose more than 2000 inhabitants between 2006 and 2025. The average age will then be 50.5 years, the proportion of 0 to 18 year olds is exactly 14 percent, and that of those over 80 years old is around 11 percent. The age group of 45–64 year olds then has the largest share of the population.
Eilenburg started a campaign in 2016 to benefit from the population growth in Leipzig: "Favorite city Eilenburg - the best thing about Leipzig" particularly emphasizes the quick accessibility of the big city by S-Bahn.
politics
Lord Mayor
| Result of the mayor election on June 7, 2015 | |||||||||
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| Applicants | Political party | be right | in percent | ||||||
| Steffi Schober | CDU | 796 | 13.9 | ||||||
| Jürgen Clauss | LEFT | 494 | 8.6 | ||||||
| Torsten Pötzsch | SPD | 600 | 10.5 | ||||||
| Ralf Scheler | Individual applicants | 3,851 | 67.1 | ||||||
Ralf Scheler (independent) has been the Lord Mayor of Eilenburg since August 1st, 2015 . In the election for mayor on June 7, 2015, he prevailed against the other candidates with 67.1 percent. OBM Ralf Scheler is at the same time chairman of the shareholders 'meeting of Eilenburger Wohnungsbau- und Verwaltungsgesellschaft mbH (EWV), chairman of the supervisory board and shareholders' meeting of Stadtwerke Eilenburg (SWE), member of the wastewater association (AZV) "Mittlere Mulde", member of the supply association Eilenburg-Wurzen and Member of the shareholders' meeting of Remondis Eilenburg GmbH. Ralf Scheler is the successor to Hubertus Wacker, who was Lord Mayor of the city of Eilenburg from August 1, 1994 to July 31, 2015.
From 1920 to 1933 and since 1997, the mayor has held the title of mayor .
→ Former mayors: List of Eilenburg's mayors
elections
Local elections
The city council election on May 26, 2019 brought about a significant shift in the balance of power in the Eilenburg city council. The AfD , which appeared for the first time, was just about the strongest force, but its list only included three nominations, so that two seats to which it is entitled remain vacant. The CDU suffered heavy losses and was only able to become the second strongest force, but continues to send the most members to the council. Linke and SPD also lost and lost two or one council mandate. The Free Voters Eilenburg (FW) and the “Freigeister” (FG) association were able to grow and each won an additional mandate. The Greens were able to maintain their seat on the city council, the NPD is no longer represented. The CDU and the Greens, as well as free voters and free spirits, have each formed a group . The turnout increased significantly compared to the previous election to 52.9 percent (2014: 41.7).
In the election for the local council of Kospa-Pressen, which was held at the same time, the FW received 94.4 percent of all votes and was able to win all nine mandates again. The SPD received 5.6 percent of the vote and did not win a seat.
| Parties and constituencies | Share of votes 2019 * |
Seats 2019 |
Share of votes 2014 * |
Seats 2014 |
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| CDU | Christian Democratic Union of Germany | 20.3% | 5 | 35.3% | 8th | ||
| LEFT | The left | 13.0% | 3 | 20.7% | 5 | ||
| SPD | Social Democratic Party of Germany | 13.9% | 3 | 17.9% | 4th | ||
| FW | Free voters Eilenburg | 15.3% | 3 | 9.4% | 2 | ||
| NPD | National Democratic Party of Germany | 2.1% | 0 | 6.1% | 1 | ||
| GREEN | Alliance 90 / The Greens | 5.1% | 1 | 4.7% | 1 | ||
| FG | Free spirits | 8.9% | 2 | 4.6% | 1 | ||
| AFD | Alternative for Germany | 21.5% | 3 | nk | nk | ||
| total | 100.0% | 20th | 100.0% | 22nd | |||
| voter turnout | 52.9% | 41.7% | |||||
State election
The last elections to the Saxon state parliament took place on September 1, 2019. The CDU applicant Sebastian Gemkow was elected to the state parliament by direct mandate from the constituency of North Saxony 2 , to which Eilenburg belongs . Luise Neuhaus-Wartenberg also entered the state parliament via the state list of the Left . The voter turnout increased significantly to 56.4 percent (2014: 39.4). The overall result for the city:
| Political party | CDU | LEFT | SPD | AfD | GREEN | FDP | Free voters Saxony | Others |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| candidate | Sebastian Gemkow | Luise Neuhaus-Wartenberg | Mathias Teuber | René Bochmann | Enrico Kunze | Stefan Schieritz | Birgit Rabe | |
| Direct votes in percent |
30.3 | 10.6 | 10.2 | 32.2 | 4.8 | 3.0 | 8.8 | - |
| List votes in percent |
31.6 | 10.4 | 8.7 | 31.0 | 4.9 | 3.0 | 4.5 | 5.8 |
Bundestag election
The last elections to the German Bundestag took place on September 24, 2017. From the constituency of North Saxony , to which Eilenburg belongs, the CDU applicant Marian Wendt was re-elected to the Bundestag by direct mandate. The applicant Detlev Spangenberg (AfD) moved into the Bundestag via the state list. The turnout was below average at 68.8 percent, but higher than in 2013 (62.6). The official overall result for the city:
| Political party | CDU | LEFT | SPD | AfD | GREEN | NPD | FDP | Others |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| candidate | Marian Wendt | Susanna Karavansky | Rudiger Kleinke | Detlev Spangenberg | Jörg Bornack | - | Christoph Waitz | |
| Direct votes in percent |
30.1 | 19.2 | 14.7 | 27.5 | 2.4 | - | 6.0 | - |
| List votes in percent |
26.9 | 16.6 | 13.5 | 26.9 | 2.4 | 1.8 | 7.3 | 4.6 |
coat of arms
When Eilenburg was granted town charter in 1362, it was given the right to use its own coat of arms. An earlier coat of arms represented a horizontally divided shield. In the upper half there was a blue half lion on a yellow background, in the lower half three yellow stars on a blue background. This coat of arms was the coat of arms of the County of Eilenburg and that of Eulenburg (noble family) . In the course of time it changed somewhat; later a blue sign with a lion and three stars above it was used. At the end of the 19th century, the city used a coat of arms with a castle with an open gate (also interpreted as an open church) with two towers, above the three stars, above which there was a crown with a small tower. Such a coat of arms can be found, for example, on the entrance building of the Eilenburg train station, which was built in the 1870s.
Today's coat of arms does not have a crown. The heraldic description reads: In blue a golden castle with a red roofed, open gate; two tinned, pointed side towers - between the two three six-pointed, silver stars (1: 2). The gate and the towers are symbols of the city. The stars come from the family coat of arms of the Lords of Eulenburg . You can be traced back to the margravial governors of the castle and town since 1172. The first city seal documented for 1294 shows the same picture.
City logo
In November 2003, the city administration published a competition to find a new look that would reflect the city's motto. This should replace the city coat of arms that had been used until then. Ten proposals were received, one of which was voted by a majority in the city council.
The city administration published a declaration that reflects the intention of the artist: The logo consists of three interlocking parts, the Eilenburg lettering and the silhouette of a castle that is used on a coat of arms. Also from the three stars of the city's coat of arms. The lettering should put the name in the foreground and achieve a slight impression and a high memorability. The castle silhouette should support the word Eilenburg in the upper area and represent the part of a wave that symbolizes the hollow in the lower section. The stars have the function of forming the second part of the wave symbolizing the hollow and, secondly, integrating the three districts of Eilenburg. The different shades of green emphasize the meaning of the city slogan “Mulde city with a green heart”.
Town twinning
In the 1960s, diplomatic relations in the GDR were essentially limited to the countries of the Comecon . The government therefore looked for opportunities for further international recognition. The ties to the still young African nation-states with their often abundant natural resources appeared strategically important. Based on this policy, the first twinning relationships between Eilenburg and the city of Kati , a suburb of the Malian capital Bamako , arose in the early 1970s . The real political circumstances, however, set tight limits to the town twinning. The initial visits by official delegations and the exchange of gifts were not followed by any further activities, so that the partnership fell asleep during GDR times.
In the course of the relaxation of Europe, there is also said to have been a town twinning between Eilenburg and the French city " St. Faint / Fonds " (probably Saint-Fons ) in the 1970s .
With German unification , partnership-like relationships with the Hessian city of Butzbach developed , which were sealed with a town twinning agreement on October 26, 1990 and have been cultivated most intensively since then.
When the Finnish-Swedish paper company Stora Enso settled in Eilenburg in 2000, a partnership with Anjalankoski in Finland was established. It was maintained through regular student exchanges, among other things. When Anjalankoski was incorporated into the town of Kouvola , the partnership ended in 2009 and was not renewed.
The town twinning with Tiraspol was concluded in 2002 after a visit by the Eilenburg Lions Club in Tiraspol, but no return visit took place after the Eilenburg delegation visited to sign the contract. The partnership was considered problematic because Tiraspol is the capital of the breakaway Moldovan region of Transnistria , which is not recognized as independent by any state. After the town twinning was never actively maintained, the Eilenburg city council decided to repeal it in 2017.
| Twin town | Country | Come into effect | status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kati |
 Mali
|
November 27, 1971 | inactive |
|
Jihlava (German: Iglau ) |
 Czech Republic
|
October 6, 1987 | inactive |
| Butzbach |
 Germany
|
October 26, 1990 | active |
| Anjalankoski |
 Finland
|
2000 | extinguished |
|
Rawicz (German: Rawitsch ) |
 Poland
|
2001 | inactive |
| Tiraspol |
 Moldova
|
2002 | terminated |
Culture and sights
Cultural life and regular events
The highlight of the city's calendar of events is the city festival, which has been held annually since 1994. For three days, several stages, stands of associations and companies as well as various rides and showmen attract thousands of visitors to the city center.
On a smaller scale, the Christmas market around the town hall and the Nikolaikirche takes place annually on the second Advent , which is organized in particular by associations and the Protestant parish. In addition, there have so far been smaller festivals in spring and autumn, which go back to the initiative of the city traders.
But also individual clubs enrich the cultural life in Eilenburg with their events. Thus organized by Eilenburger Carneval Club Rose Monday parade that temporarily attracted the largest parade of its kind in Saxony up to twenty thousand spectators and live television MDR has been transferred. The castle association organizes the Reginenfest every two years and the Walpurgis Night every year in front of the historical backdrop of Eilenburg Castle . The amateur film community organizes a short film show every two years with awards for the best participants under the name Eilenburger Amateurfilmtage .
As a classical concert series, the hour of music invites a discerning audience to the auditorium of the former secondary school on the southern ring. Before the monumental painting of Martin Rinckart's supplication service by Adolf Schlabitz , a large number of well-known artists had already made guest appearances . The event, sponsored by the Musikverein, takes place six times a year. The first hour of music was heard in 1948, at that time still in the auditorium of the old teachers' college.
Cultural enterprise
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The cultural enterprise Eilenburg is a company founded by the city administration, in which the four city cultural institutions community center, city library, swimming pool and city museum were united under one roof in 2008.
The community center in the southeast of the city center is the city's cultural center. It was opened in 1966 as a clubhouse for the neighboring NVA barracks . After 1990 it became the responsibility of the city. In 2002 it was hit hard by the August flood due to its proximity to the Mulde. In 2005 and 2006 the house was extensively renovated for a total of 5.2 million. It consists of a large hall with 500 seats and a small one with 100 seats and was equipped with house, stage and event technology, among other things. There are also conference rooms and a bar in the building. Over 400 events take place here annually, attracting almost 50,000 guests.
Not far from the community center is the city library in the former barracks complex. Like the community center, it was hit hard by the Mulde flood in 2002. Due to the donation from a district library from Neubrandenburg , an extensive range could still be offered. The library has around 36,000 items available for loan. The number of active readers fluctuates around 1,100, who borrow around 70,000 media a year. There are also public events such as readings and lectures, which also attract visitors.
The facilities of the city museum and the swimming pool are dealt with in the further course of the article.
Youth culture
With its numerous youth facilities, Eilenburg has a distinct youth scene. Above all, the so-called House VI, a wing of the building in the former barracks complex in the southern city center. In addition to the youth club Fall EB , sponsored by the Eilenburger Kreisverband des DRK , the Musikwerkstatt Kulturnetz eV eigenArt is also located here . The cellar of the house is also used by the youth group FSV Rot / Schwarz. Concerts are often held in House VI. In addition, Caritas is the sponsor of an employment project for unemployed young people. The JuST youth club can be found in the Eilenburg-Ost district .
Youth counseling, mobile youth work and the "GegenWind" project are offered by the Diakonisches Werk Delitzsch / Eilenburg. One of the projects supported by the Protestant parish is the Arche multi-generation house , which emerged from the children's and youth arche . There is a school club at the high school. For the districts, the local council realizes offers for children and young people in the premises of the Lebens (T) raum meeting center in Zschettgau.
tourism
Tourism is not a historically grown branch of the economy in Eilenburg, but day tourism has become increasingly important in recent years. The growth is mainly based on bicycle and water tourism. The tourist marketing of the city is carried out by the Tourismus- und Gewerbeverein Eilenburg e. V. coordinated.
The location of Eilenburg in the valley of the Mulde and on the edge of the Dübener Heide in connection with a good transport connection (S-Bahn) make the city increasingly interesting for day and weekend tourists. Several cycling and hiking trails through the Muldental, the Dübener Heide and the north Saxon mill region lead through the city. In the tourism concept of the Dübener Heide nature park , the city is marketed as a heather magnet with its attractions zoo , gravel lake and the Roten Jahne high ropes course ( municipality of Doberschütz ).
Recently, water tourism on the Mulde has also gained in importance. The rare natural river meadow landscape between Eilenburg and Bad Düben is decisive for this, but the Mühlgraben that runs through the city also offers water sports opportunities. A private company offers tours between Wurzen and Eilenburg, Eilenburg and Bad Düben and on the Mühlgraben. There are boat moorings at the Mulde bridge and at the boathouse of the rowing club near the zoo.
The main route of the Wettiner themed road, Fürstenstraße , which crosses a total of five federal states and parts of Poland on its way through the former government territory of the Wettins , leads mainly car tourists to the city.
Today, the city has only a few accommodation facilities with a small number of beds. In order to also have capacity for larger groups in the future, the city has expanded the old prison on the Burgberg into a guesthouse, which is managed by a private tenant.
Bike, hiking and pilgrimage routes
Eilenburg is the station of several cycling and hiking trails. The most important is the 149 km long Mulderadweg . This leads from Holzhau (Freiberger Mulde) or Muldenberg (Zwickauer Mulde) via Sermuth , Grimma, Wurzen and Eilenburg to Dessau. The length of the route within the boundaries of the Northern Saxony district is 22 kilometers.
Starting from the Mulderadweg, the Eilenburg Loop bicycle circuit begins at the Mulde bridge . Since the city of Eilenburg is hardly touched by the Mulderadweg, the loop should also lead the stream of cyclists to sights such as the castle with St. Mary's Church , ski jump, city museum , Nikolaikirche and town hall . A stylized bicycle is used as a pictogram, surrounded by a yellow round arrow and the inscription “Eilenburg Loop” in yellow on a white background.
In addition, Eilenburg is the penultimate stop on the Saxon Luther Trail between the Leipzig and Löbnitz stations , from where there is a transition to the Saxony-Anhalt Luther Trail via Bad Düben .
The Mulde-Acht cycle path connects Eilenburg with the spa town of Bad Düben both on the right and left of the Mulde with the Gruna ferry as a river crossing about halfway between the two towns.
The mill tour no. 3 leads in the circular course from Eilenburg via Hainichen and Zschepplin to Hohenprießnitz and from there back via Fährhaus Gruna, Sprotta and the Eilenburger Kiessee to Eilenburg.
Below the Mansberg in Eilenburg, on which there is an observatory , begins at the Pioneer Bridge, not far from the city park, a true-to-scale planetary hiking trail . This continues along Sydowstraße, through the allotment gardens Sevastopol , the Bürgergarten and the Muldenauen landscape to the Bobritzer Damm (also: Kollauer Wehr ).
A Way of St. James leads, partly following the Via Regia , from Frankfurt (Oder) to Leipzig through Eilenburg, but has not yet been marked with signposts . The route, which can currently only be hiked using GPS tracks , and the pilgrims are looked after by the Jakobusgesellschaft Brandenburg-Oderregion.
theatre
In addition to the community center, there are other cultural institutions in Eilenburg. Above all, the barn theater should be mentioned here. In the Baderscheune in the Berg district directly at the Ehrenfriedhof, theater performances, concerts, readings, lectures and cabaret events by artists, mostly from Central Germany, take place on a regular basis . Private events are also held there.
The Eilenburg amateur theater group is a special institution in Eilenburg. The children's and youth amateur theater developed in the 1920's and 1930's. In 1945 there were two amateur theater groups in Eilenburg, each newly established in the furniture factory and in the Eilenburg chemical factory. In 1954 both groups united to form the "amateur play group in the clubhouse of the Eilenburger chemical plant". From this community, the children's and youth theater was founded in 1961 by Karlheinz Bernert. When after 1990 the previous sponsor, the Eilenburger Chemiewerk, no longer existed to the same extent and could not afford such generous cultural communities, the association "Laientheater Eilenburg" was founded, which is still active today. Every year its members study a fairy tale, which is performed in the community center during the Christmas season and recorded every time by the Eilenburg amateur film community. The films produced can be obtained from the association.
The stage actor Jürgen Haase wanted to set up a particularly ambitious theater project with the support of the city administration and a few others. The specially founded association Kohlhaas-Spiele wanted to build the theater and a medieval village in order to later perform the play "Hans Kohlhaas - from horse dealer to rebel" in the summer months. The project ultimately failed due to the granting of funds by various authorities.
In 2008, however, the same association carried out a different, less complex project. A so-called horse farm theater was set up in the Wedelwitz district of Eilenburg . The first piece performed there was the fairy tale “Smilla's miraculous journey through time” written by Jean-Marc Birkholz . In March 2009 there was the premiere of the play "The daring adventures of the knight Randalf von Rindenmulch".
Choirs and orchestras
Eilenburg owns a number of music associations. The largest is the folk choir with 93 members. The folk choir in Eilenburg looks back on almost forty years of tradition. It was founded in 1969 by 20 teachers from the Friedrich Schiller School. The teachers' choir in Wurzen served as a model . A sponsor was soon found: the Teaching and Education Union, which has supported the choir ever since. The choir sang in public for the first time in 1970 on Teacher's Day together with the pioneer and FDJ choir of the Friedrich Tschanter School. From now on he sang at a number of public events such as youth consecration and Christmas parties. He also took part in the "Landpartie" program on Radio GDR . In 1990 a choir concert with the Schaumburger Kanadachor Stadthagen e. V., with whom a close partnership is maintained to this day. In 1991 the association decided to rename it to Volkschor Eilenburg e. V. in the boathouse at the city park. A highlight in the history of the choir was participation in the International Festival Harmonie '93 in Limburg an der Lahn .
The Musikverein Eilenburg e. V. to call. He emerged from the youth chamber orchestra of the VEB Eilenburger Chemiewerkes under the direction of Mr. Rudi Schulze. After the reunification of Germany in 1990 , the orchestra was affiliated with the Eilenburg Music School. On May 14, 1997 the Musikverein Eilenburg e. V. founded as an independent association. He maintains good contacts with many other orchestras and choirs in Germany, for example the Musikverein Gärtringen in Baden-Württemberg , whose conductor Heribert Herbrich was born in Eilenburg and studied at the "Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy" University of Music and Theater in Leipzig . In 2012 the music association had 34 active members.
By 2008, the Eilenburg musical landscape was one institution richer. The Franz-Abt-Choir was a traditional male choir in Eilenburg. The men's choir named itself in honor of the great Eilenburg composer Franz Abt . Due to the lack of offspring, the association was forced to dissolve in April 2008 and to have it removed from the register of associations. Most of the members joined other choirs.
There is also the choir of the Martin-Rinckart-Kantorei , which performed the Christmas Oratorio by Johann Sebastian Bach in 2008 with a befriended choir from Bad Düben and an orchestra from Lutherstadt Wittenberg in the Eilenburg Nikolaikirche under the direction of the Eilenburg cantor Lena Ruddies .
The city has also had a fanfare train since September 2006 , the Fanfarenzug Eilenburg eV
city Museum
The Eilenburg City Museum , which was set up around 1900 on the initiative of the local historian Wilhelm Büchting , is located in the former “Zum Roten Hirsch” inn in Hirschgasse. Here are evidence of regional history from the 10th century to the more recent past. The outstanding objects include Eilenburg prints from the Reformation period, a city clerk's desk from the 17th century and unique silver jewelry from around 1600.
The so-called Renaissance room is unique because of its ceiling painting. According to information from monument preservationists, it is of singular importance in Saxony. The exhibits on Eilenburg's music history show that Gottfried Silbermann and Georg Friedrich Handel learned to play on Eilenburg organs . The last written testimonies from Johann Sebastian Bach are shown and testimonies from the Eilenburg clergyman Martin Rinckart .
Since 1991 the city museum has presented a complete historical classroom from the 1920s. All exhibits used to be in schools in Eilenburg and the surrounding area.
There is also a temporary exhibition on the top floor of the building, as well as a collection of dolls included in the permanent exhibition, which was donated to the museum by a Swiss woman. Exchange fairs, film screenings as part of the film nights and the Eilenburg Museum Night , which was held for the first time in 2007, again attracted numerous visitors, with an average of almost 6,000 visitors, of which around 2,000 were visitors to the Sorbenturm or participants in mountain cellar tours .
Churches
The Protestant Nikolaikirche , also known as the market church, is located on the market square . The church, which was probably founded in the 12th century, was destroyed by fire in 1435 and rebuilt from 1444 as a three-aisled hall church in brick . The imposing west tower was built from 1496. After its partial destruction in the Second World War, which also destroyed the entire interior, the church was temporarily restored by 1961. It was not until 1997 that the baroque tower dome, which was completely destroyed in the war, was replaced. The nave vault has still not been restored. In 2002 it was badly affected by the floods, but only two years later the choir and the nave were ceremonially inaugurated again.
The smaller but no less important St. Mary's Church is located in the Berg district . The Protestant mountain church Sankt Marien goes back to a Romanesque building from the 12th century, which was redesigned into a late Gothic hall church from 1516 to 1522. There is evidence that the reformer Martin Luther also preached here from 1522 .
The Romanesque village church in the district of Behlitz is the oldest church building in the Krostitz parish.
In the north of the city center, in an area known to the elderly as Hinterstadt , is the Catholic Church of St. Francis Xaverius . After there had been no Catholic parishes in Protestant Eilenburg since the Reformation in 1525, a new one was founded in 1852. The members were mainly seasonal workers who stayed here at harvest time and some of them relocated to the area. The parish established in May 1852 included Eilenburg, Delitzsch, Bad Düben and Bitterfeld. In 1854 a building financed by the Archdiocese of Paderborn was built. However, this was completely destroyed in World War II. It was rebuilt from 1947 to 1949 and consecrated by the Archdiocese of Paderborn in 1950.
Behlitzer Chorturmkirche
Catholic Church
Nikolaikirche
Lutherstätte Bergkirche Sankt Marien
Other structures
Despite the devastating defensive battle in April 1945, when a significant part of the Eilenburg heritage was irretrievably lost, the city today has a large number of architecturally significant buildings. The town hall on the market square is a striking representative and focal point of the historical urban fabric . This building in its current cubature dates from the construction years after the Second World War, when it was rebuilt while maintaining the Renaissance style. In order to take into account the increased space requirement, the building was extended at that time, which can be seen on the cornice between the first and second floors. The market fountain created by Michael Weihe tells the legend of the Eilenburger Heinzelmännchen .
The “Zum Roten Hirsch” inn is located near the town hall on Kornmarkt . The simple Renaissance building is one of the oldest secular buildings in the city. Its oldest parts date from the late Middle Ages . The roof structure dates back to 1562 at the earliest. An early baroque ceiling painting (around 1640) as well as numerous wall paintings and friezes bear witness to its enormous architectural heritage. Historically, the inn is important as a hostel for several Saxon electors, from August the Strong to Friedrich III. and Paul von Hindenburg and as a station on the funeral procession of the Swedish king Gustav Adolf , who died in the battle of Lützen . A relief above the gate testifies to its function as a post office. Today the Eilenburg City Museum is located there.
Opposite the “Red Deer” is the Via Regia stele . This column, designed by an artist from Chemnitz, has a total height of 6.5 meters. The text: “The city on the river on the road in time” was attached to it. On the one hand, its conspicuousness should show those passing by the way to the city museum, on the other hand it should explain the importance of the Via Regia as the most important east-west connection and the hollow for the development of the city. In connection with the stele, so-called camera historica were set up and information boards were attached throughout the city . Both are part of the historical city tour that the Eilenburg History and Museum Association created together with the Eilenburg city administration. The information boards on buildings that have been significant in the history of the city provide more detailed information on the respective buildings. The Camerae Historicae are kind of peep pillars that bring the visitor closer to the Eilenburg, which was destroyed in 1945, through historical recordings and short texts.
In the vicinity of the city park and the Muldearmes Mühlgraben, in a small ensemble of villas, is the mayor's house , the Wilhelm Grune donation, which has a large number of Art Nouveau ornaments. Wilhelm Grune was a wealthy mill owner in the city. When he died in 1919, he bequeathed all of his fortune to the city. As early as 1916 he donated a large amount to the city that was to be used to build a mayor's house. It should be made available to the first mayor of Eilenburg as a residence. The First World War and the crisis-ridden period afterwards delayed completion. The first resident was the long-time mayor Alfred Belian , who himself contributed to the design of the house.
If you leave the Mitte district in the direction of Eilenburg-Ost , the water tower in Eilenburg-Ost becomes visible at the Mulde bridge , probably the most impressive technical building in the city. It was built in 1916 at the end of the wedding of the water tower for the celluloid factory. It was built in the elaborate Otto Intzes design by the company Dyckerhoff und Widmann AG from Dresden. Since then it has shaped the city skyline . It housed four elevated tanks with a capacity of 1000, 500, 65 and 20 cubic meters each and a deep tank in the basement with a capacity of 500 cubic meters. After it was not rehabilitated during the GDR, it fell into disrepair. The August flood in 2002 provided the occasion for a comprehensive repair. So the renovation began at the end of 2002 with grants from the Free State of Saxony. The elevated tanks in the tower were dismantled. Today the remaining deep tank serves as a fire extinguishing water reservoir for the neighboring industrial and commercial area "Kunststoffcenter am ECW-Wasserturm". The tower is open to the public on special occasions such as the Open Monument Day . In 2004 he was also shortlisted for the Saxon State Prize for Building Culture. The fact that the former water tower has been used for a new use that will ensure the preservation of the tower was rated positively.
In addition, the school buildings are one of the urban landmarks. In a 20-year municipal school building program around the turn of the century, several representative buildings were created that reflected the prosperity of the then growing city and have largely been preserved to this day. Outstanding representatives are the Citizens 'School (1887) as a typical example of historicism , the Neo-Romanesque mountain school (1904), the Realgymnasium (1906) in Art Nouveau forms , the Royal Teachers' College (1911) and the late historical city school (1897, destroyed in 1945).
The Eilenburger Bergkeller is a building that is not only particularly old but also special in its appearance , a system of tunnels excavated in loose stone and which has a cellar under the entire Berg district. They have had different meanings throughout history. Originally they were used to store food, but especially wine and beer. During the Second World War they served as a production site for the war industry, in April 1945 they offered many residents protection from the heavy bombardment of the city.
Parks
The city of Eilenburg has been advertising for some time with the slogan Muldestadt with a green heart , and the city actually has a distinctive park and green space landscape. Above all, the city park should be mentioned in this context.
The city park in the southwest of the city center was created in 1870 on the initiative of the industrialist Wilhelm Ferdinand Mitscherlich (1826–1895). The approximately twelve hectare park soon became more popular with the population than the Bürgergarten south of Eilenburg because it was and is closer to the center. There is an animal park, a swan pond, a playground and a rosarium . The latter is located directly at the train station . This masterpiece of gardening and landscaping was created in 1932/33 during the Great Depression . The city park has 1200 to 1300 trees.
The Eilenburg zoo is located directly in the city park . The first enclosure was opened in the city park as early as 1959 and a stable building was built a little later. From 1975 the zoo was expanded and expanded more and more. Among other things, a multi-purpose building with an aquarium and terrarium and a farm building were inaugurated. In 1992 the zoo association was founded and in 1998 the city gave it responsibility. In 2002 the zoo was also badly hit by the flood , but the damage was quickly repaired through donations and other financial aid. The annual number of visitors has more than doubled since 1998, so that in 2008 more than 50,000 people visited the zoo; this was the first time in the history of the zoo to break the 50,000 mark. The opening of a restaurant in the park also contributed to this. The sponsor of the Heimatzoo is the Tierparkverein Eilenburg e. V .; he is a member of the German Zoo Society . 36 species with around 210 individuals live on the approximately four hectare area (2009) .
However, there was a green area in the city even before the city park opened. The Bürgergarten was a park south of the Halle-Cottbus-Sorau railway line . It is located between the island of Als and the Sevastopol gardens. The so-called Teufelswinkel, about which there is also a legend, borders in the south. After the Second World War, the facility was no longer maintained, but the municipal swimming pool was located there until 1990. Today it is completely overgrown. The ponds there are used by an Eilenburg fishing club.
A few years ago, a green belt was created on the north ring directly in the urban area, in the northern center . It extends almost exactly over the location of the former city wall in the north. The facility was 75 percent co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), 15 percent with funds for urban redevelopment and 10 percent of the city's own contribution. The total costs amounted to almost 900,000 euros. Among other things, there are playgrounds and a historical map of the city set into the ground with small paving stones.
Natural monuments
In the area around Eilenburg, the Mulde flows wide and slowed down by many meanders through the largely natural Muldenaue. Between Eilenburg and the district of Hainichen there is a completely untouched piece of the Mulden floodplain landscape, the so-called Lübbisch, an oxbow lake from the Mulde. In the event of a flood, it serves as a floodplain. And there are also numerous dead river arms in a water protection area west of the Mühlgraben near the town of Wedelwitz . But before the Mulde even reaches Eilenburg, it first passes a weir a few kilometers south of the city.
At what is now Bobritzer Damm, which is also known as the Kollauer Weir, the first water-technical system was probably built around 700 years ago. This was necessary to supply the artificially created mill moat that had branched off shortly before with sufficient water so that the numerous mills downstream could be operated. In the 1920s, the weir was completely destroyed by heavy ice drift on the Mulde. It was rebuilt between 1926 and 1928. The last repair was carried out in 1999 by the state dam administration of Saxony - Rötha dam maintenance department . The dam was provided with a 45 meter long fish ladder .
In the far west on the border between the communities Schönwölkau and Eilenburg is the so-called combing forest . The combing forest is a naturally grown oak and hornbeam forest. The arable land in the Leipziger Land, for example from the Mulde to Leipzig and Delitzsch , was completely overgrown by such oak and hornbeam forests before human exposure. However, the soil was ideally suited as arable soil, which meant that all but small areas were cleared. That is why the old district of Delitzsch and the western parts of the former district of Eilenburg are among the areas with the least forest in Germany. The combing forest is thus a small remainder of the former huge forest area in this area. It got its name simply because the area belonged to the Leipzig Treasury in earlier years . In the middle of the forest - about halfway between Pressen and Naundorf - there is a train station of the same name.
Memorials
- Memorial in the city cemetery for the victims of the Second World War
- Memorial for the victims of the First and Second World Wars in the Ehrenfriedhof in the Berg district
- Three collective graves in the east cemetery . One for victims of the air mine drop in Eilenburg-Ost on July 11, 1944, one for victims of the explosion of an ammunition train at the Eilenburg train station on March 29, 1945 and one for civilian victims of the fighting in Eilenburg in April 1945.
- Soviet memorial grove on the east cemetery for Red Army soldiers , the victims of the Second World War were
- Cenotaph in the Ostfriedhof for anti-fascist resistance fighters and victims of fascism
- Memorial stone for those who fell in Hainichen during the First and Second World Wars in Hainichen
- War cemetery in Behlitz
Baths
Eilenburg has two pools: a swimming pool with a sauna and a lake with a water ski facility created by gravel mining .
The swimming pool, which is sponsored by the city's own cultural enterprise Eilenburg, which was founded in 2008, is a simple functional building from the 1970s. It is located in the east part of the city, near the former Eilenburg chemical plant. It has a non-swimmer pool with a depth of up to 1.3 meters and a swimmer pool with a depth of up to 3.8 meters. There is a one meter diving board and a three meter platform in the swimmer's pool. In the basement there is a Finnish dry sauna and a steam bath. In 2002 the swimming pool was badly hit due to its proximity to the Mulde and then extensively renovated. The swimming pool has over 86,000 bathers a year. School and club swimming play a large part in this. The catchment area extends to Wurzen, Bad Düben and even Leipzig.
The Eilenburg gravel pit , which is marketed under the name Leisure and Recreation Center , is located on the southwestern edge of the Dübener Heide nature reserve . It is around 150 hectares in size, but continues to grow due to the gravel extraction. Surfing, sailing, water skiing and fishing are possible on the lake. There is also a camping site, associated sanitary facilities and an inn on the site. Concerts are held here again and again. The Saxon rowing championships take place on the Eilenburger Kiessee.
Association
| Art | number |
| total | 109 |
| sports clubs | 43 |
| Cultural associations | 12 |
| Social associations | 9 |
| Garden clubs | 19th |
| Others | 26th |
- The Eilenburger Carneval-Club e. V. organizes a Rose Monday parade every year. In recent years it has developed into the largest procession on Rose Monday in Saxony and has been broadcast live on MDR television since 2004.
- The Eilenburger Burgverein e. V. was founded after the fire in the office building. The aim of the association is to rebuild the office building and the Eilenburg mountain complex. The Sorbenturm is made accessible to the population on certain occasions.
- The FC Eilenburg e. V. rose in 2004 to the fourth highest division at that time, to the Northeast Football League (South Staffel) and played there a. a. against traditional clubs like FC Sachsen Leipzig, FC Carl Zeiss Jena or Chemnitzer FC. Home games take place in the Ilburg Stadium in the Schlossaue. Since the 2009/10 season he has been back in the Sachsenliga.
- The tourist association Eilenburg e. V. was founded on July 14, 1995. Its goals are to promote and expand tourism in and around Eilenburg.
- The rowing club Eilenburg e. V. , which celebrated its centenary in 2006. The association organizes the "Eilenburg Spring Regatta" every year and the Saxon state championship in rowing on the gravel pit in Eilenburg in October. The club's volleyball players take part in the DRV's Germany Volleyball Tournament every year (winner 2008).
- The VfL Eilenburg e. V. , which has organized national and international running events for decades. The Mazda run, which takes place every year in March in the city center, is known far beyond the national borders.
Sports
Eilenburg has a number of sports clubs that make the city widely known. One of them is the soccer club FC Eilenburg e. V. He has been playing in the fifth-class Oberliga Nordost again since 2017 , having last spent several years in the sixth-class Landesliga Sachsen . The club achieved the highest ranking in the Oberliga Nordost in the 2006/2007 season ; at that time he was one of the top clubs and finished third in the table, ahead of clubs like FC Sachsen Leipzig , Hallescher FC or FSV Zwickau . In the meantime, FC Eilenburg was even leader of the table. Home games of the first men's team take place in the Ilburg Stadium in the Hainicher Aue, on the northern outskirts of the city. The Ilburg Stadium has a capacity of around 5600 seats. Games of the youth teams take place in the replacement building of the Kurt-Bennewitz-Stadium opposite the Ilburg-Stadion. In addition to an artificial turf pitch and other small playing fields, there is also a separate sanitary facility.
The rowers of the rowing club Eilenburg e. V. This association can now look back on over a hundred years of history. He takes part in many regattas in the vicinity, but also throughout Germany. Practice takes place in the training complex in the city park, which is simply called the boathouse , and on the tributary of the Mulde, the Mühlgraben, where the boathouse is located, and on the Mulde itself. The RCE has also brought the Saxon state rowing championships to Eilenburg. These are carried out on the gravel pit in the east district. In addition, the association organizes the Eilenburg spring regatta every year.
Ski jumping is definitely a specialty, which has also been a club sport in Eilenburg for over fifty years. It is managed by the ski department of SV Lok Eilenburg e. V. organized, which has 80 members. The training facility and the venue for competitions is the Josef Dotzauer ski jump on Lehmberg, which opened in November 1958. It is the only flatland ski jump in Saxony. It was named after the founder of ski jumping in Eilenburg. Until the middle of 2007 the flatland jump was called Schanze der Jugend . It has three take-off tracks that were renewed shortly before the turn of the millennium. The Eilenburg ski jumpers also often take part in competitions. Ulrike Gräßler emerged from their ranks . The ski jumping legend Jens Weißflog is honorary president of the club.
Furthermore, marathon running is very popular in the Mulde city. There is the VfL Eilenburg e. V. Every year it organizes the Mazda run in the city center in March , which is known far beyond the country's borders and has been taking part in many national and international races for decades. There is also the Eilenburger Marathonverein e. V. Among other things, he organizes the Eilenburger Kiesseelauf in Eilenburg-Ost and the two-day marathon Eilenburg - Pressel - Eilenburg, which has been taking place since 1990.
Furthermore, the Eilenburg strength athletes are very successful. You take part in many competitions and have already won many titles at national and international level and hold some records.
In professional circles, Eilenburg is known for the greyhound races that take place on the greyhound racetrack in the Bürgergarten. The events there often attract an international audience. The association also regularly achieves great success.
The FSC Dynamo Eilenburg was in the communist era, the Center of Excellence for Skydiving, today is in Eilenburg skydiving operated. Boxing, judo, volleyball, handball, sports swimming, bowling, skat, fishing, tennis, table tennis, cycling, motor sports, sport shooting and darts are all organized as club sports in Eilenburg. Other sports facilities include the “Serum” boxing center, the Schützenhaus in Kastanienallee, the two-field sports hall in the former barracks complex , the rainbow sports hall and the gyms of the mountain school, the Friedrich-Tschanter-Oberschule (formerly Schiller-Schule), the Martin-Rinckart-Gymnasium and the Karl-August-Möbius-Gymnasium, which are also used by clubs, as well as the bowling facility at the community center and the water skiing facility on the Kiessee.
The Saxony Tour runs through Eilenburg almost every year . Usually a mountain classification is taken here in the mountain road. In 2008 , Eilenburg was the starting point for the third stage that led to Freital near Dresden.
Legends from Eilenburg and the surrounding area
Four legends were found from older regional collections that can be directly assigned to the Eilenburg region. Probably the best known is the Eilenburger Heinzelmännchensaga , which is not least due to the fact that it was included in the fairy tale collection of the Brothers Grimm and Johann Wolfgang Goethe also took on the subject.
The other three sagas are less well known. In the tradition of The Nymphe , a "lovely woman" helps a girl from a poor Eilenburg family to cure and feed her. A helpful little man is said to have lived in the Funkenhäuschen at the time, who helped the people of Eilenburg and those passing through with their work. One day a “hulking fellow” found out about the spark man and prevented it from doing its work with malicious actions. Thereupon the male withdrew, was from then on embittered and at night's sleep ruined the human work of the day again.
A piece of the Muldenaue south of Eilenburg is still known today as the Teufelswinkel . This goes back to an incident in which wood collectors, who were out and about in this little wood, thought they had seen the "Lord Devil". It is said to have only been a monkey that was torn away by a Leipzig animal tamer . As the story of the timber collector spread, the animal tamer heard about it and caught the animal again.
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
The location of Eilenburg in the course of the old trade route Via Regia and as the starting point of Niederstraße was already favorable for the development of the city in early times.
From 1872 through the Hall-Sorau Gubener railway- opened (HSGE) railway line Halle-Guben starting arisen over time more routes to Leipzig (1874), Wittenberg (1895) and to Wurzen (1927). Another connection to Bitterfeld did not get beyond the planning stage.
Since the German reunification, enormous financial efforts have been made to modernize and rebuild the transport infrastructure in and around Eilenburg.
Rail transport
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At the two railway stations Eilenburg and Eilenburg Ost there is a brisk passenger train traffic. In addition to the S-Bahn lines to Leipzig, Hoyerswerda and Halle, there are regional express trains to Leipzig and Cottbus as well as seasonal regional trains to and from Lutherstadt Wittenberg. Due to the connection of the S-Bahn trains in Leipzig, there are also connections to Markkleeberg-Gaschwitz without changing trains. The district of Pressen is connected to the rail network via the Kämmereiforst station.
The line to Wittenberg was decoupled from local rail passenger transport in 1998 and has only been used for seasonal excursions to the Dübener Heide since then. Efforts by the city of Bad Düben, however, aim to reactivate the scheduled passenger train service. Passenger train traffic on the Wurzen route was stopped in 1978, and operations at the Eilenburg Süd stop also ended.
In addition to international freight traffic to and from Eastern Europe on the main line, Eilenburg is also used to operate the sidings on all branches. The train composition at the station Eilenburg means of conversion method .
Public transport
The public transport is provided by various bus companies. Regionalverkehr Bitterfeld-Wolfen , a subsidiary of Vetter Verkehrsbetriebe , operates most of the Eilenburg bus connections, including the city transport routes and the routes to Leipzig, Bad Düben and the eastern and north-eastern surroundings. The company operates a depot and a customer office in Eilenburg, which were taken over by the previously operating service provider SaxBus Eilenburger Busverkehr .
The Eilenburg company Busverkehr Geißler operates connections in the direction of Taucha and the western and south-western region as well as a dial- a- bus . There is also the Leupold bus service with a connection to Delitzsch, the Leipzig regional bus with two connections to Wurzen and the south-eastern area and the Heideland bus service with a connection to Torgau.
The area around Eilenburg is zone 167 of the Central German Transport Association (MDV), to which all companies operating here belong.
Road traffic
Eilenburg is located at the intersection of federal highways 87 (Ilmenau - Leipzig - Frankfurt (Oder)) and 107 (Pritzwalk - Chemnitz). Both streets, which used to cross the urban area, now serve as bypass roads to pass the settlement areas. The new construction (2004) of the B87, which included ten bridge structures alone, was one of the most expensive bypass roads in Germany with construction costs of 45 million euros. A further four-lane expansion to Leipzig and a three-lane expansion to Torgau are currently being planned.
The closest connection to the motorway network is the Leipzig Nordost junction of federal motorway 14, 15 kilometers away . In addition, the state roads 4 , 11 and 19 as well as several district roads connect the surrounding area to the city.
Other modes of transport
During the term of office of the mayor of Eilenburg, Alfred Belian (1904–1933), a very complex project had been considered. Due to the many large industrial companies, the city should be connected to the Elbe with a shipping canal. But this project did not materialize because of the First World War. Thus, today the Torgau Elbhafen is the next goods transshipment point on a navigable river, which is about 25 kilometers from the city. The closest connection point to intercontinental air traffic is Leipzig-Halle Airport , also around 25 kilometers away. During the GDR era there was also the Eilenburg military airfield about 5 kilometers northeast of Eilenburg , which was operated by the Ministry of State Security and was used to train parachutists from the FSC Dynamo Eilenburg .
economy
Eilenburg is designated as a middle center by the Saxon State Ministry of the Interior in the report on spatial planning and regional development and as such is located on the eastern edge of the Leipzig-Halle economic area , which in turn belongs to the metropolitan region of Central Germany . The city is primarily characterized by medium-sized businesses and crafts.
Industrialization also left deep marks in Eilenburg; the population increased rapidly and many large companies settled there, so that the city became an important industrial location for more than a hundred years. The people of Eilenburg got their wages primarily in textile production. In those years, Eilenburg was the most important textile manufacturing facility in Prussia alongside Berlin . But the Zimmermann piano factory was also a great employer. Degenkolb and Bernhardi are just two of the many important industrialists in Eilenburg. The basic structure of the Eilenburg industry was determined by mechanical engineering and furniture production since the 19th century. Eilenburg was also a very important chemical site with the Eilenburger Chemiewerk (ECW) founded in 1887 as the German Celluloid Factory , which belonged to the Buna Chemical Works in GDR times and employed 2,500 workers. At the beginning of the 20th century, the city with the Eilenburger Motoren-Werk was a production location for the automotive industry, albeit on a modest scale.
After reunification, many former large companies in the city came to an end, including the ECW. Only smaller companies are now active in the chemical industry. The tradition of mechanical engineering and furniture manufacturing will continue, but the current number of employees is a fraction of the previous one.
There are currently three designated industrial and commercial areas in the city. These are the industrial area Am Schanzberg in the west near Kospa with 92 hectares of investor area, the industrial area north-east with 27 hectares as well as the re-developed industrial area Kunststoffcenter am ECW-Wasserturm (short: ECW) between the city districts middle and east with about 33 hectares. The first two have a siding used by the local companies. A total of around 240 hectares of commercial space are designated in Eilenburg. That corresponds to 5.2 percent of the municipal area. Other significant employers are also located outside of such areas.
Stora Enso paper mill
Eilenburg's most important employer is currently the subsidiary of the Swedish-Finnish group Stora Enso . At the Eilenburg site there is a factory for the exclusive production of recycled paper from 100 percent waste paper, which is used, among other things, as newsprint. This company is located in the Am Schanzberg industrial park . In 2007, the group relocated its accounting center - responsible for all German locations - to Eilenburg; Due to financial difficulties of the group, however, it was closed just two years after its opening and again relocated abroad. Around 320 people are currently employed at the Eilenburg site. This makes this factory the largest employer in the entire region. The establishment of this company in the early 1990s was the largest foreign investment in the new federal states at the time, with an investment volume of 800 million marks. When it opened, this location was the largest paper mill in the world.
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| Technical data - Eilenburg plant | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Raw material: | 480,000 t of waste paper (100%) | |||||||||||||
| Products: | 326,000 tons of newsprint | |||||||||||||
| 55,000 t of DIP material | ||||||||||||||
| Water consumption: | 4.4 million m³ | |||||||||||||
| Power consumption: | 1 million MWh | |||||||||||||
| CO 2 emissions: | 263,000 t | |||||||||||||
Established businesses
In addition, a few kilometers away there is the bottling of mineral water and soft drinks from Franken Brunnen with the Ileburger brand , which according to company information is one of the fastest growing brands in Eastern Germany. In 2012, 108 employees work at its location on Bundesstraße 107 between Eilenburg-Berg and Hainichen. The confectionery factory Henri (formerly Henze) with 57 employees (2012) was located in the “Am Schanzberg” industrial park in the immediate vicinity of Stora Enso. a. Candies were made for the Hirsch company. This location was closed at the end of 2012. With Getreide AG in the extreme northeast of the city, another company is also active in the food industry. Companies that operate nationally and internationally are Eilenburger Fenstertechnik with 54 employees (2010), the Polyplast Compound Werk (PCW) with 103 employees (2010), the French chemical group Arkema , Stockmeier Chemie , the nano lacquer factory of the Cetelon company , BayWa AG and EBAWE Anlagentechnik with 73 employees (2010). The city is also the seat of the traditional consumer cooperative Sachsen-Nord , which was active in 46 stores in the food retail trade up to the bankruptcy in April 2010 and has only acted as a property manager since November 2010.
media
Newspapers
The freedom of the press, which was achieved at the turn of 1990, promoted the establishment of two daily newspapers in Eilenburg: the Eilenburger Nachrichten (EIN) and the newspaper Wir in Eilenburg , which, however, quickly disappeared from the market. The only daily subscription newspaper in Eilenburg and the surrounding area is the Leipziger Volkszeitung (LVZ), which is also struggling with a decrease in circulation in line with the general trend. The national German daily newspapers also appear. In addition to the main part of the LVZ with political and business news and the part with news about Leipzig and sport, each issue has a regional supplement for the cities of Delitzsch, Eilenburg, Bad Düben, Taucha and Schkeuditz as well as news from the district, the Delitzsch-Eilenburger Kreiszeitung . The Eilenburg editorial office was closed in March 2008 after it was merged with the one from Bad Düben shortly before. An editorial office with one freelancer for the LVZ and an office will continue to be operated.
The city of Eilenburg publishes an official gazette together with the communities of Doberschütz , Zschepplin and Jesewitz . It contains public notices and tenders, notifications from the Eilenburg city administration, information on Eilenburg clubs and associations, events and notifications from the communities. It appears every two weeks.
In addition, the free, exclusively advertising-financed advertising papers SachsenSonntag and Eilenburger Rundschau with editorial offices outside Eilenburg appear on a weekly basis .
Radio and television
A wide range of public and private radio programs can be received in Eilenburg. The programs of Deutschlandfunk Kultur (92.0 MHz) and MDR Aktuell (92.4 MHz) are broadcast via the Eilenburg transmitter .
From 1995 to 2016 there was the regional television station Nordsachsen TV in Eilenburg . It emerged from the regional broadcaster Eilenburg TV . Its transmission area extended over the former districts of Eilenburg, Delitzsch and Wurzen. Every week he produced a program of around 30 minutes in length, in which mostly a contribution from Eilenburg, Delitzsch and Wurzen as well as a news block could be seen. The station was financed by advertising.
Public facilities
As a medium-sized center and former district town, Eilenburg has not only its own city administration but also many offices, institutions and corporations under public law. In addition to two train stations, four parishes, the Eilenburg volunteer fire brigade founded in April 1863 , a local branch of the technical relief organization , a library and some advice centers, there is a federal employment agency and the Eilenburg district court , a tax office , a police station and a branch of the criminal police as an institution of the Free State of Saxony. In addition, the administration of the administrative association Eilenburg-West has its seat in Eilenburg.
Institutions of the district are the branch office of the District Office North Saxony with part of Department I (main administration) and the entire Department III (building department) with the planning and building regulations office, the office for rural reorganization, the road construction office and an expert committee. Eilenburg is also the seat of Department IV (Environment Department) with the Environment and Surveying Offices, the Office for Economic Development, Agriculture and Tourism as well as a branch of Department V (Regulation Department), a district citizens' office, the district archive, the district office, a road maintenance department and a location of the job center North Saxony.
Other public institutions are the meeting places of the workers' welfare and the People's Solidarity , the Stadtwerke Eilenburg , the Community College North Saxony, a branch of the Kreishandwerkerschaft North Saxony, a branch of the Chamber of Crafts Leipzig , the district association Eilenburg the German Red Cross, the Landcare Association North West Saxony, the Versorgungsverband Eilenburg-Wurzen , the wastewater association Mittlere Mulde, the municipal housing and management company and a housing cooperative.
Healthcare
The Eilenburg Clinic of the Kreiskrankenhaus Delitzsch GmbH is shown in the Saxon hospital plan as a standard care hospital with 150 planned beds. The owner is the district of North Saxony. In five clinics and seven wards, it has the specialist departments of internal (three wards), surgery (two wards), ENT (one ward ), anesthesiology and intensive care (one intensive care unit), gynecology and obstetrics (one wards) and diagnostic radiology . Three operating theaters are available. In one wing of the hospital there is a day clinic for psychiatry and psychotherapy , a psychiatric institute outpatient clinic and a child and adolescent psychiatric institute outpatient clinic as facilities of the SKH Altscherbitz .
Together with Schlick's joint surgical practice, the clinic forms the pelvic floor and special proctology competence network and is a continence center for the Northern Saxony district. The clinic is also part of the Telemedical Stroke Network Northwest Saxony (TESSA). The clinic's emergency room is staffed around the clock. In May 2012, the Eilenburg Clinic was accredited as an academic teaching hospital of the University of Leipzig and has been accepting students in the fields of internal medicine (twelve PJ places), intensive medicine (four) and gynecology (one) since the 2012/2013 winter semester. In addition, specialist training takes place in Eilenburg in certain areas.
education
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As a medium-sized center, Eilenburg also performs educational tasks for the population of the surrounding communities.
- General education schools
The city has four primary schools , three of which are public schools and a state-approved substitute school. In the three municipal primary schools (Berg, Dr.-Belian (center), Sebastian-Kneipp (East)), around 530 pupils studied in the 2016/17 school year. In the after-school care centers attached to the schools , around 515 pupils are looked after.
According to the educational recommendation, the attendance of a secondary school follows. In Eilenburg these are the Friedrich-Tschanter-Oberschule and the Martin-Rinckart-Gymnasium . After the takeover of the Hohenprießnitz, Jesewitz, Friedrich-Schiller (Eilenburg) and Eilenburg-Ost secondary schools, the Tschanter school is located in the old building of the former community school from 1897 in the city center of Eilenburg, which was extensively renovated and expanded until 2012. In addition to Russian, the second foreign language, from grade 7 onwards, the secondary school offers business-technology-household theory as well as various courses in the fields of technology, sport and social affairs. In grade 10 the advanced course technology, health and social affairs can be taken. In the 2016/17 class, 609 students studied at the school, who were taught by 42 teachers. With the opening of the modern high school location in the city center in 2012, the number of pupils rose noticeably.
After the takeover of the Albert-Schweitzer (Bad Düben) and Karl-August-Möbius (Eilenburg) high schools, the Martin-Rinckart-Gymnasium Eilenburg is now located on the Hochhausstraße school site in Eilenburg-Ost, which was renovated and expanded until 2013 . There are 26 specialist classrooms, 13 classrooms, two IT cabinets, a cafeteria, two conference rooms and a single-field sports hall available to the students and teachers. All rooms are equipped with internet access. The grammar school is accredited as one of 57 pilot schools in Germany to award the CertiLingua certificate , which certifies that students have special linguistic and intercultural competence at an EU-wide level and thus facilitates their access to international universities. The prerequisite for this is, among other things, proof of bilingual training in the sense of foreign-language specialist instruction; in Eilenburg, parts of the specialist courses are given in English, French and Russian. The school cooperates with the English didactics at the University of Leipzig . In addition, the Latinum can be obtained and Spanish can be learned in a study group. With the artistic and the sporty profile, the MRGE offers two rare opportunities for profiling . In addition, there are numerous extra-curricular offers such as school radio , school newspaper , choir and school band. In 2017/18, 657 students were taught by 67 teachers at the Eilenburger Gymnasium.
There are three offers in Eilenburg for schoolchildren with increased needs. In the school at the Bürgergarten as a school to promote learning, 161 students in grades 1 to 10 were taught by 25 teachers in 2017/18. The Karl Neumann School supports students with intellectual disabilities. In grades 1 to 6, 48 students are taught by 10 teachers. The school for educational assistance exists as a private offer, sponsored by Caritas .
- Vocational schools
The vocational school center (BSZ) Eilenburg is located in the Rote Jahne district of the Doberschütz community , about five kilometers from Eilenburg city center. Various trades can be learned here in the structural engineering and metal engineering departments. In addition, social professions such as educators , geriatric nurses and nursing assistants are offered. A study qualification can be achieved through the technical colleges for social affairs and technology.
The training center of the Central German Schornsteinfegerhandwerk eV is located in the immediate vicinity of the BSZ. V., in which the training and further education of chimney sweeps from Saxony, Thuringia and Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania takes place. Dormitories are available for foreign students at both vocational schools.
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- Adult education
Eilenburg is home to the Nordsachsen regional adult education center with offices in Eilenburg, Delitzsch, Bad Düben, Taucha, Schkeuditz, Torgau and Oschatz. It offers lectures in the areas of society, culture, health, languages and work. The VHS has been using the former grammar school location on Dr.-Külz-Ring since 2013.
At the Eilenburg branch of the Technology and Vocational Training Center (tbz) Leipzig, various further training courses are offered in the areas of gastronomy, service / trade and the commercial sector. There is also the option of retraining for occupations in the hospitality industry.
The Private Academy for Computer Science (AFI) from Nuremberg operates a branch in Eilenburg. In addition to educational offers on computer science, integration courses are also offered there.
- Research and Teaching
The city does not have a university. However, with the hospital as an academic teaching hospital of the University of Leipzig, there is a university teaching facility.
On the Mansberg in the Berg district there is also an educational and research facility that is rather rare for small towns: the “Juri Gagarin” observatory in Eilenburg with a lecture hall and a planetarium . The public and school observatory was built in 1964 and exactly one year later the planetarium was added, which has around 40 seats. Since the end of 1996, it has had a powerful, computer-controlled reflector telescope with a 305 millimeter aperture as the main instrument. In addition to scientific work, there are other offers for popular education: an exhibition on astronomy and space travel as well as educational events for school classes and those interested in the neighboring planetarium. The Eilenburg observatory , together with the Schkeuditz Astronomical Center, forms the North Saxony observatory based in Eilenburg.
- Other schools
A large number of string, keyboard, plucked, brass and woodwind instruments as well as dance, singing and percussion can be learned at the branch of the “Heinrich Schütz” district music school in North Saxony. At the “Ilebiber” soccer school in Saxony, children receive their first training in soccer with age-appropriate training.
The Media Education Center North Saxony (MPZ) maintains a branch in Eilenburg. In addition to a media archive that is managed by the Free State of Saxony's "MeSax" distribution system, the Eilenburg media office offers events for teacher training, projects and teaching units to develop pupils' media skills as well as advice to schools on media equipment and internet presence.
Personalities
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Numerous personalities have returned to Eilenburg over the centuries. Eilenburg was already a strategically important place in the Middle Ages - important counts residing here such as Heinrich I von Eilenburg and Heinrich II von Eilenburg bear witness to this. During the Reformation , the city became a center of the Protestant movement. Then held Martin Luther several times in Eilenburg and preached in St. Mary's Church. It is said that he described Eilenburg as a blessed lard mine and even considered moving his old age home to the city. The Leipzig publisher Nikolaus Widemar published - as it seemed too dangerous for him in Leipzig - in Eilenburg writings by the important Protestants Martin Luther, Thomas Müntzer and Philipp Melanchthon . During the Thirty Years' War the city was threatened with pillage and sacking by the Swedish troops of Georg von Derfflinger , but this could be prevented by the supplication service of the Eilenburg clergyman Martin Rinckart ; The world-famous chorale originates from the same. Now all thank God . After the end of the Thirty Years' War, the Swedish King Gustav II Adolf, who had fallen in Lützen, was laid out for one night at the Zum Roten Hirsch inn. Numerous spiritual personalities worked as superintendents in Eilenburg. For example Paul Jenisch , Nikolaus Hunnius , Adam Herold and Christoph Heinrich Zeibich . Eilenburg cantors also earned their name and rank: Johann Schelle became Thomaskantor in Leipzig, Basilius Petritz became Kreuzkantor in Dresden. The satirist Christian Ludwig Liscow dies in Eilenburg in the 18th century . At the beginning of the 19th century, the founder of homeopathy Samuel Hahnemann practiced in the city. During this time, the novelist Karl Eduard von Bülow , the evangelical clergyman and father of Friedrich Nietzsche Carl Ludwig Nietzsche , the composer Franz Abt and the zoologist and ecologist Karl August Möbius were born in Eilenburg. During industrialization (for example, Ernst Mey from Leipzig founded the German Cellouloid Factory in Eilenburg, of which Friedrich Engelhorn later became chairman of the supervisory board , founder of BASF ), the solution to the social question that now arises was promoted by Eilenburgers and in Eilenburg. A strong labor movement emerged. The first cooperatives in Germany were founded in Eilenburg under the leadership of August Fritzsche and Anton Bernhardi . In Carl Degenkolb's calico printing plant , the first employee committees were formed on a voluntary basis. In 1863 the founder of the Hartmann Association of Physicians , Hermann Hartmann , was born in Eilenburg . In the period that followed, Eilenburgers also played important political roles: Gustav Raute (SPD) became a member of the Reichstag, Alfred Belian , mayor of the city, became president of the Reichsstädt federation (cf. Deutscher Landgemeindetag ). After the Second World War, the Eilenburg author Karl Neumann made a name for himself in the GDR and the other Eastern Bloc countries. Eilenburg athletes like Manfred Kuschmann , Wilfried Gröbner and Alexander König made careers in the GDR and after reunification.
Well-known Eilenburgers today are the artists Sighard Gille , the author Else Buschheuer and the ski jumper Ulrike Gräßler .
Eilenburg in literature and film
Eilenburg has been the setting for literature and films several times. In 1895 the writer Eduard Jost , who had previously stayed in the region, published the work The Daughter of the Town Clerk of Eilenburg ; this is a "local historical tale from the Swedish times". The emergence of the first cooperatives in Eilenburg provided the writer Heinrich Lersch with the material for the novel The Pioneers of Eilenburg with a foreword by Max Barthel , which appeared in the Gutenberg Book Guild in 1934 . With the youth novel Frank by Karl Neumann , published by Kinderbuchverlag Berlin in 1958 , Eilenburg served as the backdrop for one of the most successful youth books in the GDR; it was followed by the sequels Frank and Irene (1964) , which were also published several times, and Frank remains captain (1981). In 2004 the writer and television presenter Else Buschheuer published the third part of her New York diary under the title calcutta-eilenburg-chinatown , in which she recorded the experiences of her stay in New York and her travels.
In 1916, the short-documentary shot Eilenburg at the hollow of David Oliver . In 1971, Eilenburg was the location for the DEFA production Du und Ich und Klein-Paris by Werner W. Wallroth in the u. a. Evelyn Opoczynski , Jaecki Schwarz , Jürgen Frohriep , Winfried Glatzeder played. 2011 saw the world premiere of the multiple award-winning feature film Kriegerin by David Wnendt , a film about the German neo-Nazi scene, some of which was shot in Eilenburg. Alina Levshin and Jella Haase played the leading roles . Little is known that the Eilenburg train station formed the backdrop for the film Die Heiden von Kummerow and their funny pranks (1967). One of the actors on location was Theo Lingen .
In addition, an amateur film community has existed in Eilenburg for several decades. V., which was founded by employees of the former Eilenburg chemical plant. In the course of time, many films were made under the direction of Karlheinz Bernert, including those from the 1961 millennium. After 1989/90 the association produced the following films on behalf of the city administration:
- Eilenburg - Mulde city with a green heart . 2001, city portrait
- Eilenburg - Well-known and new pictures from our hometown . 2000
- Eilenburg - yesterday and today . 1999
- in the middle - chronicle of a catastrophe . 2002, documentation of the 2002 flood in Eilenburg
literature
- Andreas Flegel, Stefanie Dorn: From Eilenburg to Bad Düben . Torgauer Verlags-Gesellschaft, Torgau 1993, ISBN 3-930199-01-7 .
- Andreas Flegel: Eilenburg - as it used to be . Wartberg-Verlag, 1st edition 1994, ISBN 3-86134-179-4 .
- Andreas Flegel: Eilenburg in old views . European Library, Zaltbommel (Netherlands) 1998, ISBN 90-288-6534-9 .
- Andreas Flegel: Eilenburg in old views, Volume 2 . European Library, Zaltbommel (The Netherlands) 2001, ISBN 90-288-6676-0 .
- Andreas Flegel, Hans Fröhlich, Rolf Schulze: Eilenburg April 1945 . Geiger-Verlag, Horb am Neckar 1st edition 2004, ISBN 3-89570-988-3 .
- Andreas Flegel: Eilenburg 1945–1961 . Geiger-Verlag, Horb am Neckar 1st edition 2002, ISBN 3-89570-792-9 .
- Andreas Flegel: The old Eilenburg in color . Geiger-Verlag, Horb am Neckar 1st edition 2006, ISBN 978-3-86595-159-5 .
- Michael Hirschfeld: The Sorbenturm greets you from the mountains . Self publication . Engelsdorfer Verlag, Leipzig, ISBN 3-939404-47-0 .
- Andreas Flegel, Andreas Bechert: Eilenburg . Verlag für die Heimat Eilenburg, Eilenburg 2005. This edition is bilingual. Each text was printed in English and German. The texts were translated into English by Andrew Sims (Berlin).
- Jeremias Simon: Eilenburgische Chronica / Or description of the very old castle / palace and city of Eilenburg. Verlag Friedrich Lanckisch, Leipzig 1696 ( digitized version )
In addition, the city publishes a yearbook for Eilenburg and the surrounding area as well as the series Der Sorbenturm . The latter is published jointly with the Eilenburg History and Museum Association. The first edition of this series was published in 1987 in Düsseldorf by former residents of Eilenburg who had moved to West Germany. The series was continued there until 1995. In 2004, the idea of an "Eilenburg reading book" was taken up again.
- Older Chronicles
- Carl Geißler: Chronicle of the city of Eilenburg and the surrounding area . Delitzsch 1831 ( e-copy ).
Web links
Wikinews: Eilenburg - in the news
- City homepage
- Eilenburg pictures
- Eilenburg in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
References and comments
- ↑ Population of the Free State of Saxony by municipalities on December 31, 2019 ( help on this ).
- ↑ Michael Seiler: On the trail of the Neanderthals - Paleolithic finds in the Eilenburger Land
- ↑ Eilenburg in the Historical Directory of Saxony
- ↑ Eilenburg in the book "Geography for all Stands", p. 522
- ↑ Gassen-Gemeinde in the Historical Directory of Saxony
- ↑ Sand community in the Historical Directory of Saxony
- ^ Zscheppelende in the Historical Directory of Saxony
- ↑ Valley community in the Historical Directory of Saxony
- ^ Ernst Eichler and Hans Walther : Saxony. All city names and their history , Faber and Faber Verlag, Leipzig 2007, ISBN 978-3-86730-038-4 , p. 56f.
- ↑ Eilenburg in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- ↑ Codex Diplomaticus Saxoniae Regiae. IA 1, p. 238, No. 3 .
- ↑ Codex Diplomaticus Saxoniae Regiae. IA 1, p. 280 No. 52 lines 15-16
- ↑ Codex Diplomaticus Saxoniae Regiae. IA 2, p. 203 f., No. 298 here p. 204 line 4
- ^ Yves Hoffmann: Brick towers of the 12th and 13th centuries on castles in Upper Saxony and East Thuringia. In: The Upper Castle in Greiz. A Romanesque brick building in East Thuringia and its historical surroundings , Erfurt 2008 (workbook of the Thuringian State Office for Monument Preservation and Archeology NF 30), pp. 130–143, on this p. 133–136, ISBN 978-3-937940-51-9
- ↑ a b c d Andreas Flegel: From Eilenburg to Bad Düben . Torgauer Verlagsgesellschaft, Torgau 1993, ISBN 3-930199-01-7 .
- ^ Burchard Bösche , Jan-Frederik Korf: Chronicle of the German consumer cooperatives. (PDF; 1.8 MB) Central Association of German Consumer Cooperatives V., p. 7 f. , archived from the original on December 2, 2013 ; Retrieved March 29, 2009 .
- ^ Otto Ruhmer: History of the origins of the German cooperative system . Johs. Krögers printing and publishing house, Hamburg-Blankenese 1937.
- ^ The historical development of the works council and works constitution. (PDF; 200 kB) Practical training and advice for works councils and staff councils, p. 3 , accessed on March 29, 2009 .
- ^ A. Peter Bräuer: Muldenland . VEB FA Brockhaus, Leipzig 1988, ISBN 3-325-00133-5 .
- ↑ Jürgen Hoffmann: The resistance struggle of the Eilenburg workers under the leadership of the KPD against fascism 1933-1945 .
- ^ Andreas Flegel, Hans Fröhlich, Rolf Schulze: Eilenburg April 1945 . Geiger-Verlag, Horb am Neckar 2004, ISBN 3-89570-988-3 .
- ↑ Wolfgang Fleischer: End of the war in Saxony 1945 . Edition Dörfler in Nebel Verlag, Eggolsheim.
- ^ Andreas Flegel: Eilenburg 1945–1961 . Geiger-Verlag, Horb am Necker 2002, ISBN 3-89570-792-9 .
- ^ Rüdiger Strauch: Cow carcasses drifting through the streets. In: Spiegel Online. August 14, 2002, accessed March 29, 2009 .
- ↑ The Mulde and the flood. (No longer available online.) Formerly in the original ; Retrieved March 29, 2009 . ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Information about the water levels in the United Mulde. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on February 2, 2009 ; Retrieved March 29, 2009 .
- ↑ a b Leipziger Volkszeitung , September 19, 2008
- ↑ Statistics and other facts on the development of Eilenburg. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on February 12, 2009 ; Retrieved March 29, 2009 .
- ↑ Guide to the municipality. (No longer available online.) Bertelsmann Foundation, archived from the original on June 11, 2009 ; Retrieved March 29, 2009 .
- ↑ Press release from June 14, 2016
- ↑ June 7, 2015
- ↑ Mayoral election 2015 (PDF) State Statistical Office of Saxony, accessed on June 11, 2015 .
- ↑ State Statistical Office of the Free State of Saxony : Election results Eilenburg, Stadt (accessed on May 27, 2019)
- ↑ Tilmann Kortenhaus: Eilenburger City Council: The parliamentary groups are fixed in Leipziger Volkszeitung , June 18, 2019 (accessed on June 19, 2019)
- ↑ State Statistical Office of the Free State of Saxony: Election results for the local council Kospa-Pressen (accessed on May 27, 2019)
- ↑ Results of the 2019 state elections on the website of the State Statistical Office of Saxony
- ↑ Results of the 2013 federal election on the website of the State Statistical Office of Saxony
- ^ History of the city of Eilenburg . 1909, printed by CW Offenhauer in Eilenburg
- ^ German Civic Heraldry: Wappen von Eilenburg. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on August 16, 2007 ; Retrieved March 29, 2009 .
- ↑ Large district town of Eilenburg (Ed.): City Guide 2004 . Verlag für die Heimat, Eilenburg 2004.
- ^ A b Rolf Vettermann, Andreas Flegel: History of the City of Eilenburg , Chapters 9 and 10, Eilenburg 1989, pages 40 f.
- ^ Andreas Flegel: A forgotten city partnership , in: Yearbook for Eilenburg and the surrounding area 2014 , Bad Düben 2013, pages 70 ff.
- ^ Thomas Gerlach: Café Eilenburg. In: taz.de. April 9, 2005, accessed March 29, 2009 .
- ^ Cancellation of the town twinning agreement with Tiraspol. In: buergerinfo.eilenburg.de. September 27, 2017. Retrieved April 28, 2018 .
- ^ "The daring adventures of the knight Randalf von Rindenmulch" - A knight's play by and with Jean-Marc Birkholz. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on October 4, 2015 ; Retrieved March 29, 2009 .
- ↑ History of the Eilenburg Folk Choir. Retrieved September 30, 2015 .
- ↑ Chronicle of the Musikverein Eilenburg e. V. (No longer available online.) Formerly in the original ; Retrieved June 29, 2012 . ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )
- ↑ State, Music and Spielleutesportverband Sachsen e. V. - Fanfare procession Eilenburg. Retrieved May 4, 2020 .
- ^ City administration Eilenburg (ed.): City tour Eilenburg . Tierbs publishing and printing company, Pirna 2006.
- ↑ a b c Eilenburg church district: Traces in the stone - churches in the Eilenburg church district . Akanthus, Leipzig 1997, ISBN 3-00-001722-4 .
- ↑ Georg Kääb: The floods destroy zoos - animals drown in the floods. Science Information Service, August 19, 2002, accessed on March 29, 2009 .
- ↑ The animals of the Eilenburg zoo. Retrieved August 6, 2009 .
-
^ Associations in Eilenburg. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on February 13, 2009 ; Retrieved March 29, 2009 .
- ↑ Ilburg Stadium , fceilenburg.com, accessed on February 15, 2018
- ↑ Results 2008. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on October 1, 2013 ; Retrieved March 29, 2009 .
- ↑ Legends and stories of the Eilenburg district . 1982
- ↑ Commercial space. (No longer available online.) Formerly in the original ; Retrieved March 29, 2009 . ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )
- ↑ The Saxony plant at a glance. (No longer available online.) In: storaenso.com. 2011, archived from the original on December 9, 2012 ; Retrieved January 11, 2011 .
- ↑ citizenship and inventive spirit . In: Der Spiegel . No. 40 , 1995 ( online ).
- ↑ Simplified Environmental Declaration 2007. (PDF) (No longer available online.) Stora Enso Sachsen GmbH, Eilenburg, 2007, p. 6 , formerly in the original ; Retrieved March 29, 2009 . ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )
- ↑ The information relates to the period of one year.
- ↑ At home in the world of water. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on December 25, 2004 ; Retrieved March 29, 2009 .
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- ↑ Press release: Kreiskrankenhaus Delitzsch GmbH is an academic teaching hospital of the University of Leipzig (PDF; 45 kB), accessed on September 30, 2015.
- ↑ Eilenburg observatory. Retrieved March 29, 2009 .
- ^ Friedrich Kapp : History of the German book trade , Volume 1. 1886. On Wikisource : Page 02/102 , Page 07/023 ( DjVu )
- ↑ Eilenburg an der Mulde on filmportal.de
- ^ Films of the amateur film community. Retrieved March 29, 2009 .
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