In the summer of 2001, Gräßler appeared for the first time at an international jumping event in Meinerzhagen during the FIS Ladies Tour . In winter 2002 she took part in the FIS-Ladies-Grand-Prix and finished 14th. In 2003 she became German Champion and in the same year took second place at the European Olympic Winter Youth Festival (EYOF) in Planica . At the unofficial Junior World Championships in Stryn 2004 she won the silver medal.
Since the introduction of the Ladies Continental Cup (COC), Gräßler has consistently competed in this highest competition series in women's ski jumping. In the first season played, 2004/05, she consistently achieved top positions and came in sixth place in the overall standings. In 2005/06 she was able to place herself among the best in several competitions, but fell back to positions between 15 and 20 in some competitions, which is why she was only tenth in the overall ranking. In the 2006/07 season, Gräßler jumped all the more successfully and won several competitions. As a result, she secured second place in the Ladies Grand Prix and in the end even achieved second place in the overall Continental Cup ranking, with only 88 points separating her from the winner Anette Sagen . At the COC Summer Jumping 2007 she performed a little weaker, but was able to improve in winter, so that at the end of the season she came back to 10th place in the overall ranking. After a separate summer and winter classification was introduced for the Continental Cup in 2008, it won the overall COC classification by a clear margin in summer 2008. At the Nordic World Ski Championships 2009 in Liberec , she took second place in the women's ski jumping competition, which was held for the first time, with 239 points (after the winner Lindsey Van with 243 points). She finished the German Championships in 2009 with a gold medal ahead of Carina Vogt and Ramona Straub . In the summer of 2009, Ulrike Gräßler again won the overall COC ranking with four individual victories. In winter 2009/10 she was one of the dominant athletes of the season together with Sagen and Daniela Iraschko .
At the Olympic premiere of women's ski jumping, she only came in 22nd after suffering from fever.
During a jump in the Continental Cup in Notodden, Norway in December 2015, the jumper fell and was seriously injured. It took almost 2 years before Grässler was able to ski jump again. In the 2017/18 season she took part in the World Cup for the first time.
At the end of July 2018, Gräßler announced the end of her career and devoted herself to her career with the Federal Police.
Karin Bühler: A rubber suit . Information about the first women's ski jumping world championship in Liberec. In: Berliner Zeitung , 21./22. February 2009