Alfred Belian

Alfred Belian (born August 23, 1873 in Jodupönen ( Pillkallen district ), † January 7, 1946 in Berlin ; full name Alfred Elimar Julius Belian ) was a German lawyer and local politician . From 1904 to 1933 he was mayor (from 1920 mayor ) of the city of Eilenburg and from 1918 to 1920 President of the Reich Association of German Cities .

Life

Early years and studies

Alfred Belian was born on August 23, 1873 in the small village of Jodupönen in the East Prussian district of Pillkallen as the son of the long-time mayor of Olsztyn , Oskar Belian . He began studying law and political science in Jena , where he was also active in the Arminia fraternity from 1894 on the Burgkeller . His studies later took him to the Albertus University of Königsberg and to the Friedrichs University of Erlangen , where in 1898 he wrote his inaugural dissertation Ist der Satz der L. 10 § 1 de compens. 16.2 generally valid or correct only under special circumstances and what are the consequences of answering this question for the nature of the condictio indebiti? received his doctorate . After a few years as a judicial officer, Belian switched to the municipal service in 1902 and became second mayor in Wittenberge .

Mayor in Eilenburg

After the sudden death of Eilenburg's mayor Ludwig Sydow, Belian applied for his vacancy and was able to prevail against 50 other applicants. On December 18, 1903, the city ​​council elected him to this office, which he assumed on March 11, 1904. At that time Eilenburg was a very prosperous and growing city, which was mainly due to the pronounced industrial structure. Because of this, Belian succeeded in pushing and realizing numerous infrastructural projects during his tenure. These included the municipalization of the city's gas supply (1905), the opening of a secondary school (1907), the opening of the Royal Teachers' College (1911), the opening of the infantry barracks (1916), the construction of a mayor's house (1916) and the construction of a military lazaretts (1917), the opening of a forest recreation home for children of the city near Battaune (1924), the opening of a care home for girls who are difficult to educate (1926) and the commissioning of the Eilenburg – Wurzen railway line (1927). Belian had thus succeeded in gaining institutions for the city that had a supra-regional charisma and made Eilenburg's importance in Prussia increase. Other major projects that could not be realized due to the First World War and the subsequent crisis years were the construction of the Eilenburg – Bitterfeld railway line , which had already taken concrete form with a planning committee convened in 1909, and the extension of the Elster-Saale Canal via Eilenburg to Berlin , for which plans were already in place.

In his function as mayor of the city of Eilenburg, Belian was elected to the board of the Reich Association of German Cities in 1910 . On June 1, 1918, he was elected President of the League of Cities for a term of two years. On February 5, 1920 he received the official title of mayor .

The staunch monarchist Belian was initially active in the Stahlhelm after the end of the First World War , but joined the German Democratic Party (DDP) , probably also against the background of changed power relations in the Eilenburg city council . At the Leipzig party congress of the DDP in 1919, Belian was secretary. In terms of content, he was more closely related to the German National People's Party (DNVP) during the Weimar period , but a possible membership in the DNVP could not be determined. Due to his Stahlhelm membership, he received an advertisement from the Social Democrat Friedrich Tschanter in 1927 on the occasion of the election to extend his term of office.

Expulsion by the National Socialists

After the seizure of power by the Nazis in 1933 Belian was a democrat and Freemason relieved from office. He was a member of the Eilenburg Freemason Lodge Zur Eule auf der Warte and at times its master from the chair . An official medical examination initiated by the National Socialists confirmed that he was entitled to a pension due to his body weight of around 150 kilograms . He was forbidden to perform any activities. After a short time in Wiesbaden , Belian moved to Berlin in 1934, where his son lived. After the end of the Second World War , Belian returned to Eilenburg to take part in the reconstruction of the heavily destroyed city. Belian died on January 7, 1946 after a brief illness in Berlin.

Honors

During his tenure in 1916, Angerstrasse in Eilenburg was renamed Belianstrasse . There were, among other things, the mayor's house, which Belian lived in, the Eilenburg Freemason's lodge and the home of the Eilenburg city architect Otto Lemke . The street name was canceled by the National Socialists in 1933. Shortly before Belian's death, the Eilenburg magistrate decided on September 25, 1945 to make him an honorary citizen of the city. After reunification, the primary school in the building of the former teachers' college and the street in the former barracks complex received his name.

Fonts

• If the rate of L. 10 § 1 de compens. 16.2 generally valid or correct only under special circumstances and what are the consequences of answering this question for the nature of the condictio indebiti? Inaugural dissertation , Erlangen 1898.
• The Prussian Primary School Maintenance Act of 1906 (law relating to the maintenance of public primary schools). 1906.
• Lodge and Freemasonry. An open word to our fellow citizens. 1909.
• What must the academic youth know about the Masonic concept of humanity and the Red Cross ... Eilenburg 1912.
• Memorandum on the current status of the projects developed by the Governor of the Province of Saxony for a standard-gauge small railway Eilenburg-Bitterfeld and an industrial railway in Eilenburg ... (with supplementary volume) Eilenburg 1913.
• The Sentinel of the Seas. The Tireless Vigil of the British Navy. London 1917.
• Warrior homes and community welfare. Berlin 1918.
• The project of the Berlin-Leipzig Canal Association as of September 1, 1926. Eilenburg 1926.
• (together with Gotthold Haekel ): Local administrative reform and local self-government. Memorandum of the Reichsstädtebund. Berlin 1928.
• The interest of medium and small towns in traveling theaters. no year
• War Food and War Loan . no year

literature

• Helge Dvorak: Biographical Lexicon of the German Burschenschaft. Volume I: Politicians, Part 1: A – E. Heidelberg 1996, p. 76.
• Peter Kaupp : Belian, Alfred Elimar Julius. In: From Aldenhoven to Zittler. Members of the Arminia fraternity on the Burgkeller-Jena who have emerged in public life over the past 100 years. Dieburg 2000.
• Reichs Handbuch der Deutschen Gesellschaft - The handbook of personalities in words and pictures . First volume, Deutscher Wirtschaftsverlag, Berlin 1930, ISBN 3-598-30664-4
• Wolfgang Beuche: Dr. jur. Alfred Elimar Julius Belian. In: The personalities of Eilenburg. Books on Demand , Norderstedt 2012, ISBN 978-3-8482-2922-2 .
• Hans-Joachim Böttcher : Belian, Alfred Julius Elimar, in: Important historical personalities of the Düben Heath, AMF - No. 237, 2012, p. 10.

Web links

• Alfred Belian's biography on the website of the city of Eilenburg
• Alfred Belian in the catalog of the German National Library
• Alfred Belian in Google Book Search

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Ernst Troeltsch : Writings on politics and culture philosophy (1918-1923). Critical complete edition. Volume 15, de Gruyter , Berlin 2002, page 310.