Communalization

Municipalization refers to the transfer of public tasks previously performed by other sovereigns to municipal administrations (e.g. districts, cities and municipalities) as well as the conversion of state property into municipal property, the latter e.g. B. through the complete sale of a state enterprise to a city. An alternative term is urbanization .

Degree of communalization

The share of municipal expenditure in total public expenditure is also known as the degree of municipalization . With regard to the degree of communalization, the federally structured Federal Republic of Germany is in the middle of Europe, clearly ahead of centralized France, but far behind unitary , but at the same time strongly decentralized Sweden.

Forms of communalization

From a real municipalization when the delegation means that the responsibility for the task in legal terms is transferred to the local government support is spoken. As part of a functional reform , a transfer of tasks to district administrators and mayors by way of organ lending is also possible. In this case, the state administration remains legally responsible.

Examples of communalization

In Hesse , the former state-owned spa operations of the State Office of Hessian State Baths in Bad Nauheim , Schlangenbad , Bad Schwalbach and other health resorts were converted into municipal operations between 2002 and 2005 .

After the fall of the Wall , the Treuhandanstalt carried out the municipalization in the energy sector.

See also

• privatization
• Remunicipalisation

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Jörg Bogumil and Sabine Kuhlmann: Localization, Regionalization, Cooperation - the "new wave" of subnational administrative reform , in: Bogumil / Kuhlmann (ed.): Kommunalegabe im Wandel , Wiesbaden, 2010, p. 17
2. ↑ Hellmut Wollmann: The German Municipal System in European Comparison - Between Municipal Autonomy and “Nationalization”? , in: Bogumil / Kuhlmann (eds.): Municipal task perception in change , Wiesbaden, 2010, pp. 223-252
3. ^ Franziska Hartleb: Headquarters of the Hessian State Baths. Finding aid inventory 568; P. X ff. REPERTORIES OF THE HESSIAN MAIN STATE ARCHIVE Wiesbaden, August 2006. (PDF; 922 kB)

literature

• Jörg Bogumil , Sabine Kuhlmann (Hrsg.): Municipal task perception in change . Wiesbaden: VS Verlag, 2010, ISBN 978-3-531-17557-7 , therein a. a .:

• Martin Burgi : Localization of State Tasks - Possibilities, Limits and Follow-Up Questions from a Legal Perspective , pp. 23–46.
• Falk Ebinger: Communalization in the Länder - Legitimate? Successfully? Failed? , Pp. 47-66.
• Philipp Richter: Localization of school supervision - experiences from the administrative structural reform in Baden-Württemberg , pp. 67–88.