List of Germanic tribes
The list of Germanic tribes is a listing of the tribes, tribal groups and other associations and alliances of ethnicities and other groups known in ancient times as Germanic tribes known by name from ancient sources . These accounts begin in the 2nd century BC. BC and go back to late antiquity . Beginning with the formation of states in the early Middle Ages , the time ends when tribes or tribal kingship shaped history, with the exception of Northern Europe, where the Vendel Period 550–800 AD and the subsequent Viking Age until 1050 AD are still seen in a Germanic context.
The assignments and localizations of the numerous peoples and groups named in ancient sources to archaeological find contexts and cultures, their classification in terms of whether it is an ethnic group with a common culture or a temporary alliance of quite heterogeneous groups, are fraught with very considerable uncertainties. Sometimes it is not even certain whether these groups are Germans in the broader, linguistic sense, i.e. speakers of a Germanic language .
In this respect, the names listed here are not designations for ethnic groups in any modern sense, but names of groups that were perceived as Germanic peoples in antiquity and late antiquity, i.e. as peoples, groups, associations and associations of the right of the Rhine and Barbaricums north of the Danube , also known as Germania magna , or those peoples ( gentes ) who came from there and who settled permanently in the course of history, especially during the so-called migration period , especially in the western Roman Empire .
Tribal list
The present list is largely based on the list of Germanic tribal names and spelling variants contained in the 1st register volume of the Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde .
The first column contains the German name and its variants, if one is common, otherwise the traditional ancient name. The second column contains ancient names by Latin and Greek authors, the latter both in romanization and in Greek. In the third column there is a short description, followed by a localization.
The fifth column lists important sources of tradition for the group in question. The few ancient main sources for names and localization of Germanic tribes are not linked. These are:
- Caesar : Commentarii de Bello Gallico
- Jordanes : De origine actibusque Getarum , Getica for short
- Ptolemaeus : Geographike Hyphegesis
- Tacitus : Germania
A • B • C • D • E • F • G • H • I • J • K • L • M • N • O • P • Q • R • S • T • U • V • W • Z) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Surname | ancient name | description | Settlement area (s) | source |
A. | ||||
Adrabäcampen | Adrabaikampoi ( ´Αδραβαικαμποι ) | see Kampen | north of the Danube, south of Bohemia | Ptolemy |
Aduatuker | Aduatici, Atouatikoi ( Ἀτουατικοί ) | Tribe on the left bank of the Rhine in the line-up of Belgian tribes against Caesar | in the 1st century BC In the area of today's Tongeren (Belgium), between the Scheldt and Meuse | Caesar |
Aelvaeonen , Elvaionen | Alouiones (Αλουίωνες), Helouaiones ('Ελουαίωνες) | see Helvekonen | presumably on the central Oder , today's Silesia | Tacitus Ptolemy |
Aglier | ||||
Agradingun | Saxon tribe | Middle reaches of the Weser | ||
Ahelmil | Scandza | Jordanes | ||
Alemanni , Alemanni | Alamanni | A population group formed on provincial Roman soil ( Agri decumates ) from various Elbe-Germanic , including probably Suebian tribes, armies and followers from the 3rd century onwards | Core areas in Baden-Württemberg and Alsace , in Bavarian Swabia , German-speaking Switzerland , Liechtenstein and Vorarlberg | |
Ambivaretes | Ambivareti / Ambibaretos | Gallic tribe, clients of the Haedu , are also counted among the Celts | Caesar | |
Ambrones , Obronen, Ymbre | Ambrones | Participation of tribal parts in the procession of the Cimbri and Teutons at the end of the 2nd century. v. Chr. | North Sea coast | |
Amoþingas | ||||
Ampsivarians , amsivarians | Ansibarii, Ansivaroi ( Ἀνσιβαριοί ) | southern neighbors of the Frisians | 1st century in the lower Emsland | Tacitus |
Anartier , Anarten | Anarti | possibly Germanic tribe in the border area of Germanic and Dacern | Hungary or Romania | Caesar |
fishing | Anglii, Angeiloi ( Άγγειλοι ), Angiloi ( Άγγιλοι ) | North Germanic people counted among the Ingaevones at Tacitus | originally on the Cimbrian Peninsula (northern Schleswig-Holstein ), later the Middle Elbe-Saale region, from 200 emigrated to Britain | Tacitus |
Anglo-Saxons | from Saxony and Angling , as well as from Jutes , Friesians and Lower Franconia on British soil | south east England | ||
Angeron | ||||
Angisciri | Tribe in the suite of Dengizich | Jordanes | ||
Anglevarii , Angleverier, Anglevarier | ||||
Anglers | ||||
Angrivarians , Angrevarier, Angarier, Engern | Angrivarii, Angriouarioi ( Αγγριουάριοι ) | in the 1st century south of the Chauken , north of the Cherusci , northwest of the Dulgubnians and east of the Ampsivarians | on the Weser , mainly on the right bank, from the tributary of the Aller to the Steinhuder Meer | |
Aringon | ||||
Armalausi , Armilausi | probably a part of the Hermunduren tribe , in the 3rd and 4th centuries between Alemanni and Marcomanni | possibly in the Upper Palatinate | Tabula Peutingeriana | |
Arochi | ||||
Arosaetan | ||||
Ascomanni | Name of the Vikings in Adam of Bremen | |||
Asdingen , Hasdingen | Part of the tribe of the Vandals | in the 2nd century in Romania and Hungary | ||
Astfalon | ||||
Atmoni | ||||
Auarinoi , Auarpoi | ||||
Augandxer | ||||
Avionen , Chaibonen | Aviones | |||
B. | ||||
Baetasier | Baetasii | |||
Baimoi | ||||
Bainaib | ||||
Bainochaimai | ||||
Bajuwaren , Baiwaren, Baioaren, Baiovaren, Baiern | Bavarii | Originated towards the end of the migration in the 5th century with core area in Raetia and Noricum | Old Bavaria , Austria and South Tyrol | |
Bards | possibly a group of Lombards that did not migrate south | south of the Elbe, in the area of Bardowick and Lüneburg | ||
Bardongavenses | ||||
Bastarnen , Bastarner | Bastarnae | Fights with the Romans in the 3rd century BC BC, probably predominate Germanic tribes | East side of the Carpathian Mountains to the mouth of the Danube | Polybios |
Bataver , Batavier | Batavi | originally allies of the Romans in the province of Gallia Belgica , 69 Batavian revolt under Iulius Civilis | in the 1st century at the mouth of the Rhine | |
Bateinoi | Batini | |||
Belger | Belgae | partly Celtic, partly Germanic tribes | between the Seine and the Rhine , later also the coast of Britain | |
Bergio | ||||
Boutones | ||||
Breisgauer | Brisgavi, Brisigavi | Alemannic tribe in the 5th century | Breisgau | |
Brukterer , Bruktuarier , Boruktuarier, Boruakter, Borchter | Bructeri, Boructuarii, Broukteroi ( Βρούκτεροι ) | 1st century opponent of the Romans in the Varus Battle | between the middle Ems and the upper lip | |
Bucinobanten | Bucinobantes | Alemannic tribe in the 4th century | Main estuary area in Mainz | Ammianus Marcellinus |
Boers , Boers | Buri | |||
Burgodions | ||||
Burgundy | Burgundiones | East Germanic people with late ancient empires founded on the Rhine and later the Rhone | ||
C. | ||||
Caeroser , Caserosen | Caerosi, Caeroesi, Ceroesi, Cerosi | Celto-Germanic tribe on the left bank of the Rhine | in the 1st century BC In the Eifel - Ardennes area | Caesar |
Campsians | ||||
Cananefaten , Kannanefaten, Kananefaten | Cannenefates, Canninefates, Cannenafates, Cannefates | in the 1st century western neighbors of the Batavians | around Voorburg in South Holland | |
Cantware | ||||
Caritner | near Ludwigshafen am Rhein | Ptolemy | ||
Caulcer | ||||
Chaediner | Chaideinoi | |||
Chaibones , Chaibones, Avions | ||||
Chaideinoi | ||||
Chaimai | ||||
Chaituori | Chaituoroi ( Χαιτούωροι ) | |||
Chaler | Chali | |||
Chamaven , chamaver | Chamavi, Chamauoi ( Χαμαυοί ) | Neighbors of Angrivarii and dulgubnii , finally went to the Franks on | in the 1st century on the Lower Rhine | Tacitus |
Chariner , Charinner, Harier | Charini, Harii | |||
Charuder | see Haruder | |||
Khazuars | see Chattuarier | |||
Chat , chat | Chatti, Catti, Cathi, Chattai ( Χάτται ), Chattoi ( Χάττοι ) | in the 1st century. Neighbors of the Suebi , forerunners of the Hessians | Valleys of Eder , Fulda and the upper reaches of the Lahn | |
Chattuarier , Chattwarier, Chasuars, Hasuarier, Chasuarier, Cassuarier, Attuarier | Atthuarii, Attuarii, Chattouarioi ( Χαττουάριοι ) | |||
Chatvoren | Name is of Greek or Latin origin and means "bristle eater" | Upper Palatinate | Ptolemy | |
Chaubi | Chauboi ( Χαῦβοι ) | |||
Chauken | Chauki, Chauchi, Cauci, Kauchoi ( Καῦχοι ), Kaukoi ( Καῦκοι ) | Tribe counted by Tacitus to the Ingaevones | on both sides of the lower Weser | |
Cherusci | Cherusci, Cherouskoi ( Χεροῦσκοι ), Chairouskoi ( Χαιρουσκοί ) | Tribe of Arminius , opponent of the Romans in the 1st century | on both sides of the upper course of the Weser in East Westphalia and Lower Saxony to the Elbe | |
Cilternsaetan | ||||
Clondikus | Kloilios ( Κλοίλιος ), Claodikus | |||
Cobander | Cimbrian Peninsula | |||
Colduer | ||||
Condruser , Condrusen | Condrusi | Celtic-Germanic mixed culture | in the 1st century BC In the Middle Rhine area on the left bank of the Rhine | Caesar |
Cugerner , Kuberner, Kugerner | Cugerni, Cuberni | Tribe of the Rhine-Weser Germanic tribes | in the 1st century in the Lower Rhine area on the left bank of the Rhine (Kleve district) | |
Curions | ||||
D. | ||||
Daliterni | ||||
Danduts | Dandutoi ( Δανδοῦτοι ) | |||
Danes | Dani, Danoi ( Δανοι ) | from the 6th century in Scania and Chersonesus Cimbrica | Skåne and Cimbrian Peninsula | Prokopios of Caesarea , Jordanes |
Daucions | Daukiones ( Δαυκίωνες ) | |||
Deanas | ||||
Deningei | ||||
Derlingun | ||||
Diduner | Diduni | |||
Doelir | ||||
Danube weaving | ||||
Dorsaetan | Thorn goods | |||
Dounoi | Δοῦνοι | |||
Dulgubnier , Dulgubiner | Dulgubnii, Dulgitubini, Dulcubuni | in the 1st century south-east of the Angrivarians and Chamaven | south of Hamburg about in the area of the Lüneburg Heath and the Aller around Celle | Tacitus |
E. | ||||
East Sea Ax | ||||
Eburones | Eburones | Probably Celtic tribe, counted among the Germans by Caesar | between the Rhine , Maas , Rhineland , Northern Ardennes and Eifel | |
Elbe Germans | archaeologically defined group of Germanic tribes (including Semnones , Hermundurs , Quaden , Marcomanni and Longobards ) | from the mouth of the Elbe on both sides of the river to Bohemia and Moravia | ||
Elbsueben | ||||
Elmetsaetan | ||||
Elouaiones | Ailouaiones ( Αἰλουαίωνες ), Alouiones ( Αλουίωνες ), Helouaiones ( 'Ελουαίωνες ), Ailouones ( Αἰλούονες ), Helouones ( ' Ελουωνες ) |
|||
Endoses | ||||
Narrower | see Angrivarians | |||
Eudoses | Eudusii, Eudoses, Eduses, Edures, Eudures | |||
Eunixer | ||||
Udders | see Jutes | |||
Evagre | ||||
F. | ||||
Færpingas | Feppingas | |||
Falchovarii | ||||
Falen | Tribe constructed as Germanic "natives" of Westphalia and Eastern Falzes | |||
Fariarix | ||||
Farodini | ||||
Favons | Favonae, Phauonai ( Φαυόναι ) | |||
Fervir | ||||
Finnaith | Finnaithae | |||
Firaesen | Phrisioi ( Φρίσιοι ), Phiraisoi ( Φιραῖσοι ) | |||
Firðir | ||||
Firihsetan | Virsedi | |||
Fosen , Foser | Fosi | small neighboring tribe of the Cherusci who perished with them | in the 1st century in the headwaters of the Aller | |
Francs | large tribal association that integrated numerous Germanic tribes in late antiquity | on the right of the Rhine to the mouth of the Rhine, from the 4th century advances into Roman territory on the left of the Rhine | ||
Friezes | Frisii | North Sea Germanic tribe, counted by Tacitus to the Ingaevones | in the 1st century from the mouth of the Rhine to around the Ems | Tacitus |
Frisiavonen | Frisiavones, Frisaebones | Rhine delta | Pliny, nat. hist. 4,101; CIL 6, 3260 and a. | |
Frugundions | east of the Oder | Ptolemy | ||
Frumtingas | ||||
Fundusier | Cimbrian Peninsula | |||
G | ||||
Gambrivier | Gambrivi | probably near the Weser | Strabon , Tacitus | |
Gauts | Goutai ( Γου̑ται ), Geatas | North Germanic people, often identified with the Goths | Southern sweden | Ptolemy |
Gautigoten | Gautigoth | probably in Västergötland | Jordanes | |
Geddingas | ||||
Gas | ||||
Gepid | Gepidi, Gebidi, Gipedae | from the middle of the 5th century. Empire formation on the middle Danube, possibly related to the Goths | Romania | Jordanes, Prokopios of Caesarea |
Certainly , certain | Saxon ethnic group in Britain | End of the 5th century. on the Upper Thames in England | ||
Gifle | ||||
Gillingas | ||||
Glomman | ||||
Goths , Gotons, Gutons | Gutones | split into Visigoths and Ostrogoths during the Migration Period , each with their own empire formations on Roman soil | at the turn of the century north of the Vistula knee | Jordanes |
Gotlander , Gutar, good guy | Gotland | |||
Gotthograikoi | ||||
Graioceler | ||||
Granier | Granii | |||
Greutungen | Greothingi, Grutungi, Grauthungi, Greutungi | Another name for the Ostrogoths | Ammianus Marcellinus , Jordanes | |
Guddingen | ||||
Guiones | ||||
Rubber gas | ||||
H | ||||
Haddingjar | ||||
Hadubards , Heaðobeardan | ||||
Háleygir | ||||
Halliner | Hallin | |||
Halogite | ||||
Harier | Harii | Tribe of the Lugians | between the Vistula and the Oder | Tacitus |
Haruder , Haruden, Charuder, Charuden, Harother | Harudes, Charudes ( Χαροῦδες ), Arudes, | in the 1st century BC Allies of Ariovistus against Caesar | after Ptolemy in the middle of the 2nd century. on the Jutian peninsula | Caesar, Ptolemy |
Hedeninge | ||||
Heinir , Heiðnir | ||||
Helisier , Helisii | ||||
Helusii | Hellusii | |||
Helvekonen | Helvecones | Tribe of the Lugians | between the Vistula and the Oder | Tacitus |
Herefinnas | ||||
Herminones , Erminones, Hermions, Irminones | Herminones | Large group of Germanic tribes, occupying the middle between the Ingaevonen and Istaevonen | Tacitus, Pliny the Elder , Pomponius Mela | |
Hermunduren , Ermunduren | Ermunduri, Hermunduri | Elbe Germanic tribe | Upper course of the Elbe | |
Heruler , Eruler | Eruli, Erouloi ( Ερουλοι ) | Participants in the sea expeditions of the Goths | from the middle of the 3rd century. on the north coast of the Black Sea | |
Hesse | populus hessiorum | lower Fulda | ||
Hillevions | Hilleviones | |||
Holsten | Today's Holstein , in the area between Rendsburg , Kiel , Bad Bramstedt and Wilster | |||
Holtsaeten | Holtsati | |||
Hordar | ||||
Hreiðgoten | ||||
Hringar | ||||
Hugones | ||||
Dog gas | see Hundinge | Widsith | ||
I. | ||||
Ingaevonen , Ingwäonen, Ingväonen, Ingvaeonen, Ingwaier | Ingvaeones, Ingaevones, Ingvaenoes, Inguaeones | Large group of Germanic tribes located on the North Sea coast by Tacitus | Tacitus, Pliny the Elder | |
Inguions | ||||
Ingwaier | ||||
Increments | Inkriones ( ιγκριονες ) | Tribe of the Rhine-Weser Germanic tribes , middle of the 2nd century. Neighbors of the Tenkerer | between the Rhine and Taunus | Ptolemy |
Intuerger | Intouergoi, Intouergoi ( Ιντουεργοι ) | between the Rhine and Taunus | Ptolemy | |
Irminones | ||||
Istvaeonen , Istväonen, Istwäonen, Istwaier, Istrionen, Istaevonen | Istvaenoes, Istaevones | Large group of Germanic tribes localized by Tacitus on the Rhine | Tacitus | |
J | ||||
Jutes , eudoses, udders | Eurii, Eutii, Eucii, Euthiones | originally on the Cimbrian Peninsula , later in southern Britain | until the 5th century on Jutland | |
Juthungen | Iouthungi, Iuthungi | presumably an Alemannic tribe | from 3rd to 5th century north of the Danube and Altmühl | |
K | ||||
Kalukonen | ||||
Kampen | Kampoi ( Κάμποι ) | Group of unclear destination north of the Danube and south of Bohemia in the 2nd century. | Ptolemy | |
Kampsianoi | ||||
Kannanefaten | see Cananefaten | |||
Kantwarier , Cantware | ||||
Kaoulkoi | ||||
Karpen , Carpen | Carpi, Carpiani | Southeast European people, classification as Teutons is disputed | End of the 3rd century. in Moesia and Dacia | |
Cimbri , Cimber, Cimber | Combri, Cymbri, Cimbri, Kimbroi ( Κίμβροι ) | together with the Teutons and Ambrones from 120 BC BC invasion of Gaul and Italy | originally presumably northern Jutland | |
Small goths | Gothi minores | Group of Goths , tribe of Wulfilas , at the time of the Jordanes in the area of Nicopolis in Moesia | South bank of the lower Danube | Jordanes |
Kobandoi | ||||
Cognoi | ||||
Cork counter | Korkontoi | |||
Crimean Goths | Descendants of the Ostrogoths | from the middle of the 3rd century. on the Crimean peninsula | ||
Kvenir , Kvänen | ||||
L. | ||||
Lakringen | ||||
Landoudioer | Landi, Landoudioi | from the 1st century on the Lahn in Central Hesse | Strabo , Ptolemy | |
Lombards , Winilers, Winnilers | Langobardi, Langobardoi ( Λαγγοβάρδοι ) | Sub-tribe of the Suebi , from the middle of the 6th century. Forging an Empire in Italy ( Longobard Empire ) | in the 1st century BC On the lower Elbe | |
Lemovier , lemonier | Lemovii | with Tacitus neighbors of the Rugians and Goths | from the 1st century onwards, the southern Baltic coast between the Oder and the Vistula | |
Lentienser , Linzgauer | Lentienses | Alemannic tribe | Middle of the 3rd century. between the Danube in the north, Iller in the east and Lake Constance in the south | Ammianus Marcellinus |
Leuonoi | ||||
Levonians | ||||
Liothida | ||||
Lognai | Sub-trunk of chatting | middle and upper Lahn valley | ||
Lugier , Lygian | Lugii, Lúgioi | |||
M. | ||||
Mayats | ||||
Manimer | Manimi | Tribe of the Lugians | between the Vistula and the Oder | Tacitus |
Marcomanni | Marcomanni | possibly a tribe of the Suebi , from the middle of the 2nd century. Opponent of the Romans in the Marcomannic Wars | in the 1st century in Bohemia | |
Marobudui | ||||
Marsaker | ||||
Marser , Marsen, Marsigner | Marsi, Marsoí ( Μαρσοί ), Marsigni | destroyed by Germanicus after participating in the Varus Battle in 14 | between the Rhine, Ruhr and Lippe | |
Marvingen | Marouingoi | Lower Saxony / North Rhine-Westphalia | Ptolemy | |
Mattiaker | Mattiaci, Mattiakoi ( Ματτιακοί ) | presumably a part of the Chatten tribe , Romanized from the 1st century onwards | Surroundings of Wiesbaden , Taunus and Wetterau | |
Menapier | Menapii | Celtic-Germanic mixed people, in the 1st century BC In Gallia Belgica , subjugated by Caesar | Lower Rhine , Flanders | Caesar |
Merscware | ||||
Mimmas | ||||
Mixi | by Jordanes as residents of Scandza called | Scandinavia | Jordanes | |
Moselle Franconia | Subgroup of the Franks , separated from the Rhine Franks in the 5th century | Upper Rhine and Moselle | ||
Mugilones | Mougilones | |||
Myrgingas | East Frisian part of the Frisians who settled in North Frisia around 700 | North Friesland, Tönnern, Rungholdt | Widsith | |
N | ||||
Nahanarvaler , Naharnavaler | Nahanarvali, Naharvali | Tribe of the Lugians | between the Vistula and the Oder | Tacitus |
Narisker , Naristen, Narister, Narisken, Varisten, Varasker, Varisker | Naristi, Varisti, Varistae | Neighbors of the Marcomanni , Quadi and Armalausi | Upper Palatinate , Upper Franconia and Northern Bohemia | Tacitus |
Neckarsueben | Suebi Nicrenses | romanized sub-tribe of the Suebi | in the 1st and 2nd centuries in the vicinity of Ladenburg | |
Nemeter | Nemetai ( Νεμῆται ) | (presumably Germanic) allies of Ariovistus | in the 1st century BC BC on the Rhine between Lake Constance and the Palatinate | Caesar |
Nertereanen | ||||
Nervous | Nervii | strongly Celtic Germanic tribe | in the Gallia Belgica between Meuse and Scheldt in the north and west of today's Belgium | Caesar, Tacitus |
Nictrenses | ||||
Nistresi | Sub-trunk of chatting | Korbach plateau | ||
North Liudi | ||||
Northern Suavi | ||||
Normans , Nordmani | Collective term for northern European Germanic tribes who undertook raids towards the south (England, Ireland, Franconia, the Mediterranean region and today's Russia), also synonymous with Vikings | |||
Nuitons | ||||
O | ||||
Omani | ||||
Ostrogoths , Ostrogoths | Ostrogothi, Ostrogoti, Ostrogotae, Ostrogothae, Austrogothi | Part of the Goths , first in Pannonia , then forming an empire in Italy | Jordanes | |
Eastern Herul | ||||
Otingis | ||||
P | ||||
Paemanen , Paemaner, Permanen, Caemanen | Paemani, Caemani | Celto-Germanic people on the left bank of the Rhine | Eifel , Ardennes | Caesar |
Parmäkampen | Parmaikampoi ( Παρμαικαμπο ) | see Kampen | north of the Danube in Bavaria | Claudius Ptolemy |
Peukins | Part of the Bastarnen tribe | Tacitus | ||
Peukmer | ||||
Pharodiner | Pharadinoi | Mecklenburg | ||
Q | ||||
Quads | Quadi | Tribe of the Suebi , participants in the Marcomannic Wars | Tacitus | |
Quirounoi | ||||
R. | ||||
Ragnarikier , Ranier | ||||
Ratovarians , Raetovarians | Raetobarii | Alemannic tribe | probably in the Nördlinger Ries | |
Spaceman | ||||
Reudigner , Reudinger, Reudingen, Holsten | ||||
Rhine Franks , Ripuarians, Ripuars, Ribuarians, Ribuars | Subgroup of the Franks on the Middle Rhine | |||
Rosomones | Rosomoni | |||
Routiklioi | ||||
Rugier , Rygir | Rugii | moved south with the Goths during the Great Migration | originally between the Vistula and the Oder , later the formation of an empire in Lower Austria | |
Rus | see Varangians | |||
Rygir | Rogaland | |||
S. | ||||
Sabalingians | Sabalingioi | Cimbrian Peninsula | ||
Saxony | Saxones | West Germanic international association of the Chauken , Angrivarians and Cheruscans | from 1st century in north-west Germany and east of the Netherlands | |
Sahslingun | ||||
Salfranken , Salier | Salii | Part of the Franks | originally from the Lower Rhine to Salland on the IJssel , then in Noord-Brabant and later in the Tournai area | |
Scopingun | ||||
Scotelingun | ||||
Sedusier | Sedusii | Allies of Ariovistus , classified as Germanic by Caesar | Caesar | |
Blessing | Segni | |||
Semnones | Semnones ( Σεμνόνες ) | Partial tribe of the Suebi , their tribal people in Tacitus | around 100 between the Elbe and the Oder from the Bohemian border to the Havel | Tacitus |
Sibiner | Sibino | |||
Sidiner | Western Pomerania | |||
Sidones | ||||
Sigambrer | see Sugambrer | |||
Silingen , Silinger, Sillingen | Silingae | Part of the tribe of the Vandals | Silesia , later Andalusia | |
Singulons | Sigulones | Cimbrian Peninsula | ||
Sithons , sitons | Neighbors of the suions | presumably Scandinavia | Tacitus | |
Skiing | moved south with the Bastarnen , in the 5th century brief empire formation in Pannonia | |||
Steeringun | ||||
Bull | Sturii | |||
Sturmarii | Sturmera | |||
Suardones | Suarines, Suarmes, Smarines | Tribe of the Suebi | around the Schweriner See in Mecklenburg | |
Sueben , Sweben, Sueven, Suawen | Suebi, Suewi, Sueboi ( Σύηβοι ) | important Germanic tribal group, to which, according to Tacitus, the Semnones , Marcomanni , Hermundurs , Quads and Longobards belonged | in the northeast of Germania magna on the Baltic Sea to the German low mountain ranges | Tacitus |
Suetids | ||||
Sugambrer , Sigambrer, Sugamber, Sigambrer | Sugambri, Sygambri, Sugambroi ( Σύγαμβροι ), Sugumbri, Sucambri, Sycambres, Sugameri |
7 v. Defeated by Tiberius and settled to the left of the Rhine | in the 1st century areas on the left bank of the Rhine on the Maas | |
Suionen , Suonen, Sueonen, Sweonen, Swionen, Svionen | Suiones | Northern European sea people described by Tacitus | possibly Scandinavia | |
Sulones | ||||
Sunuker | Sunuci | possibly forerunners of the Ubier | in the 1st and 2nd century in the Rhineland between Aachen and Jülich | |
Svear | Svea | North Germanic tribe | Central Sweden in the region of the Mälar river valley as well as Uppland , Gästrikland , Västmanland and Södermanland | |
T | ||||
Taetel | ||||
Typhoons | Taifali, Taifalae, Theifali | Probably a Germanic tribe in the association of the Visigoths | from the 3rd century in Dacia and Moesia | |
Tencteri , Tencteri | Tencteri, Toncteri, Tenkeneroi ( Τέγκτηροι ) | northern neighbors of the Usipeters , opponents of Caesar | in the 1st century BC Chr. On the Lower Rhine | |
Terwingen | Tervingi | see Visigoths | ||
Teuriochaimai | ||||
Teutons | Teutoni, Teutones | together with the Cimbri and Ambrones from 120 BC BC invasion of Gaul and Italy | originally Jutland south of the Cimbri | |
Teutonoars | Lower Elbe | |||
Texans | ||||
Theusten | ||||
Thiadmariska | Thiadmariski | |||
Thuringian , Thuringe | Thueringi, Tueringi, Thuringin, Turingi | in the 3rd or 4th century from fishing , warning and other tribal associations | between the Thuringian Forest , Werra , Harz and Elbe | |
Toxandrer | between the Maas and Scheldt rivers in the Belgian-Dutch border region | |||
Treverer | Treverii, Treviri, Treveri | strongly Celtic Germanic tribe | from the Rhine to the land of the Remer | Caesar, Tacitus |
Triboker | Triboces, Triboci, Tribocci, Tribochi, Tribocchoi ( Τριβόκχοι ) | in the 1st century BC Allies of Ariovistus | on the Rhine around Strasbourg and Haguenau | Caesar, Ptolemy |
Trønder | Trøndelag | |||
Tubants | Tubanti, Tubantes, Toubantoi ( Τούβαντοι ) | 1st century opponent of Germanicus | End of the migration period in the eastern Netherlands in the Twente region | Tacitus |
Tungrer , Tungern, Tungerer | Tungri, Tongri | Opponent of Caesar in the 1st century BC Chr. | left bank of the Rhine around Tongeren | Caesar, Tacitus |
Turkilinger | Turcilingae | |||
Turons | Turoni | possibly Celto-European tribe south and later southeast of the Chatten | ||
Twihanti | Tuihanti | |||
Tylangier | ||||
U | ||||
Ubier | Ubii | originally Germanic tribes on the right bank of the Rhine, subjugated by Caesar and from the early imperial period on the left bank of the Rhine and romanised | originally from the victory over the Lahn to the lower Main , later in the area of Bonn and Cologne | |
Ulmerugi | ||||
Urugunds | Incursions around 256 into the Roman Empire | lower Danube | Zosimos | |
Usipeters , Usipetes, Usipians | Usipetes, Usipii, Ousipetai ( Ουσιπέται ), Ousipioi ( Ουσίπιοι ) | in the 1st century BC BC opponent of Caesar | on the right bank of the Lower Rhine | |
V | ||||
Vagotes | probably on Gotland | |||
Vandals | see vandals | |||
Vangionen , Wangionen | Vangiones | Belonging to Celts or Teutons not guaranteed | Area around Worms ( Civitas Vangionum ) | |
Variner | see warning | |||
Varasker | ||||
Veneter , Venether | Venedi, Venetae, Venedae | possibly Germanic people in east Germania | ||
Vidivarians | Vidivarii | according to Jordanes a mixed people | at the mouth of the Vistula | Jordanes |
Viktofalen | ||||
Vinoviloth | ||||
Viruner | Mecklenburg | |||
Visburgier | Wisburgi | between the Upper Oder and the Vistula | ||
Visper | south of the Caritner | |||
W. | ||||
Walagothi | ||||
Waledungun | ||||
Vandals , Vandals, Wandilier, Vandilier | Vandali, Vanduli, Vandaloi ( Οὐανδαλοί ), Wandeloi ( Βανδῆλοι ), Wandiloi ( Βανδίλοι ) |
originally in northeastern Germania magna , during the Migration Period in Spain and North Africa, sack of Rome in 455 | ||
Wangions | see Vangionen | |||
Varangians | Similar to Vikings and Normans, the term for northern European Germans who came into contact with Slavic peoples (there also as Rus ) and via the Volga and Black Sea to Byzantium | |||
Warn , Wariner, Varinner, Variner | Varini, Varinae, Ouarinoi ( Ουαρίνοι ) | smaller, non-warlike tribe according to Tacitus | Northern Germany | Tacitus |
Wedrecii | Sub-trunk of chatting | Wetschafttal | ||
Visigoths , Terwingen | Visigothi, Wisigothae, Tervingi | Partial tribe of the Goths , sack of Rome 410, Visigothic empire in southwestern Gaul and in Spain | Jordanes | |
Western Herul | Group independent of the Herulers on the Black Sea, which appeared as Roman auxiliary troops and in the 5th century as pirates | |||
Winiler | see Lombards | |||
Z | ||||
Zumer |
literature
- Thorsten Andersson : Old Germanic ethnics. In: Namn och bygd. Tides for nordisk ortnamnsforskning. 97 (2009), ISSN 0077-2704 , pp. 5–39 ( PDF; 9.7 MB ; full year).
- Otto Bremer : Ethnography of the Germanic tribes. In: Hermann Paul (Hrsg.): Grundriss der Germanischen Philologie. Vol. 2, Part 1: History of Literature. 2nd, improved and increased edition. Karl Trübner Verlag, Strasbourg 1900, pp. 735-930.
- Ernst Künzl : The Teutons (= Theiss WissenKompakt ). Konrad Theiss Verlag, Stuttgart 2008, ISBN 3-8062-2036-0 .
- Günter Neumann : Name studies on the Old Germanic (= Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde - supplementary volumes . Volume 59). Edited by Heinrich Hettrich, Astrid van Nahl. de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2008, ISBN 978-3-11-021044-6 , urn : nbn: de: 101: 1-2016061717834 .
- Rudolf Much : The Germania of Tacitus. 3rd, considerable exp. Edition. Edited by Wolfgang Lange with the collaboration of Herbert Jankuhn and Hans Fromm. Universitätsverlag Winter, Heidelberg 1967, DNB 457642858 .
- Rudolf Much: German tribal lore. 3rd, verb. Edition. Association of scientific publishers, Berlin / Leipzig 1920, DNB 580772896 ; outlook Verlag, Bremen 2015, ISBN 978-3-86403-235-6 .
- Heinrich Beck et al. (Hrsg.): Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde . 2nd Edition. de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 1972–2008.
- Hermann Reichert : Lexicon of the old Germanic names . Publishing house of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1987, ISBN 3-7001-0931-8 .
- Ludwig Rübekeil : European names of peoples. In: Ernst Eichler u. a. (Ed.): Name research. An international handbook on onomastics. Vol. 2, de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 1996, ISBN 3-11-020343-X , pp. 1330-1343.
- Moritz Schönfeld : Dictionary of the old Germanic names of persons and peoples according to the tradition of classical antiquity (= Germanic library. Department 1: Elementary and handbooks. Series 4: Dictionaries. Volume 2). Universitätsverlag Winter, Heidelberg 1911, DNB 362646430 ; Reprints each as 2nd, unchanged. Edition: (= Germanische Bibliothek. Row 3 [a lot. 2]). Winter, Heidelberg 1965, DNB 454448473 ; Scientific Book Society, Darmstadt 1965, DNB 454448465 .
- Ernst Schwarz : Germanic tribal studies (= Germanic library. Volume 5). Universitätsverlag Winter, Heidelberg 1956, DNB 454606672 ; Reprint: VMA-Verlag, Wiesbaden 2009, ISBN 978-3-938586-10-5 .
- Alexander Sitzmann, Friedrich E. Grünzweig: Old Germanic ethnonyms. A guide to their etymology. Using a bibliography by Robert Nedoma ed. by Hermann Reichert (= Philologica Germanica . Volume 29). Fassbaender, Vienna 2008, ISBN 978-3-902575-07-4 .
- Reinhard Wenskus : Tribal formation and constitution. The emergence of the early medieval gentes. 2nd, unchanged edition. Böhlau Verlag, Cologne / Vienna 1977, ISBN 3-412-00177-5 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Heinrich Beck u. a. (Ed.): Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde . Volume 36/37 (register volume 1 and 2): authors, keywords, subject index, list of abbreviations, 2nd edition. de Gruyter, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-11-019146-2 , p. 20 ff .; PDF; 499 kB ( memento from September 23, 2013 in the Internet Archive ). In: degruyter.com, accessed December 5, 2017.
- ↑ Tacitus , Germania 28; Strabon 4,3,4.
- ↑ a b Cornelius Tacitus: Germania. Transferred and explained by Arno Mauersberger . VMA-Verlag, Wiesbaden [1981?], P. 142, DNB 810365324 (Latin, German; licensed edition of Dieterich'schen Verl.-Buchh., Leipzig).
- ↑ Maurits Gysseling: Toponymisch Woordenboek van Nederland, Nederland, Luxembourg, Noord-Frankrijk en West-Duitsland. Gent 1960, DNB 560536216 , p. 956 ( kantl.be, accessed on December 5, 2017; Dutch).
- ^ Tacitus , Germania 28.
- ↑ Caesar , De bello Gallico Book III, 11: […] Treveros, qui proximi flumini Rheno sunt. ("The Treverians who live on the nearby Rhine.")
- ↑ LS: Visbu'rgii. In: Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. 2 volumes. Edited by William Smith. Walton and Maberly, John Murray, London 1854, OCLC 1000689106 ( perseus.tufts.edu, accessed December 5, 2017).