Bucinobanten

Shield sign of the Buconibantes ( Auxilia palatina ) in the late Roman field army of the Magister militum praesentalis II

The Bucinobanten ( Latin Bucinobantes ) were an Alemannic tribe in the Main estuary near Mainz .

The Roman chronicler Ammianus Marcellinus reports that the Caesar of the West, Julian , crossed the Rhine with his army near Mainz in 359 and forced several Alemannic tribal leaders, including the Gau king of the Bucinobanten, Makrian , to conclude peace treaties.

Due to continuous incursions into the Roman Empire, an attempt by Emperor Valentinian I failed in 370 to take Makrian prisoner with the help of the Burgundians during a punitive expedition . He was then deposed by the emperor. The Fraomar , who was appointed in his place, was unable to assert himself with the Bucinobanten, so that an alliance agreement had to be concluded with Makrian in 371.

In 372, the Bukinobantic prince Bitherid was appointed by Emperor Valentinian I as a troop leader in the Roman army.

There are various suggestions for interpretation and derivation for the first part of the name of Bucinobanten: beech, hedge or hedge. The last part of the name is derived from the Germanic space designation bant ("country / area"). A transfer of the name could mean "those native to Buchenbant". The name has been preserved in the Hessian landscape of Buchengau .

The name meaning: Buc = Latin elevation, cheek, see also shield hump , Bucinobantes = the hill country. Later the stretching according to Buch = Buc (h) took place. Today also hill, from buhil. Another spelling was done with "Buoch".

swell

Ammianus Marcellinus 29.4
Notitia dignitatum

literature

Günter Neumann : Bucinobantes. In: Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde (RGA). 2nd Edition. Volume 4, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 1981, ISBN 3-11-006513-4 , p. 89. (online)
Karlheinz Fuchs, Martin Kempa, Rainer Redies: The Alamanni. 4th edition. License issue. Theiss Verlag, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8062-1535-9 (exhibition catalog, Stuttgart et al., State Archaeological Museum Baden-Württemberg et al., 1997–1998).
Dieter Geuenich : History of the Alemanni . (= Urban paperbacks 575). 2nd revised edition. Verlag Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-17-018227-7 .
Karin Knapp: The Alemanni. Warriors - settlers - early Christians . Theiss, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-2044-5 .

Individual evidence

↑ Ammian 29,4,7.
↑ Already Jacob Grimm : History of the German Language. 4th edition. 1880, Volume 2, pp. 593f.
↑ John M. Waidfeld: Monumenta Buochonia. Volume IV: Stages of history from "Hesse" Late Antiquity to the Late Middle Ages; Romans - Bucinobantesn; Franconian Alemanni, Regnum imperii "Wetterau, Vogelsberg, Rhön". G. Büchner, Lauterbach 2010, ISBN 978-3-9813053-4-0 .

[1] Ammian 29,4,7.

[2] Already Jacob Grimm : History of the German Language. 4th edition. 1880, Volume 2, pp. 593f.

[3] John M. Waidfeld: Monumenta Buochonia. Volume IV: Stages of history from "Hesse" Late Antiquity to the Late Middle Ages; Romans - Bucinobantesn; Franconian Alemanni, Regnum imperii "Wetterau, Vogelsberg, Rhön". G. Büchner, Lauterbach 2010, ISBN 978-3-9813053-4-0 .