Jutes

The Cimbrian Peninsula in its different areas (purple: Vendsyssel ; dark red: Norderjutland ; light red: northern Schleswig ; brown: southern Schleswig ; yellow: Holstein )

The Jutes ( lat. Eutii, Euthiones , old. Jótar , old English. Yte, Eotas ) were a Germanic tribe on the Jutland peninsula .

history

The tribe is presumably identical to the Eudose people handed down in Roman sources , who are said to have spoken a Gothic language . The Eudosen are said to have settled on the Caucasian coast around 480 and probably got there with the Herulers . Together with the Crimean Goths (called Tetraxites), they are said to have moved on to the Caucasus. With the emigration of the Jutes, who went to Britain together with the Angles and Saxons , North Germanic Danes (Danes) came to the area in the 5th century . The remaining Jutes were partially absorbed by them and settled in southern Denmark north of the Eider to what is now northern Schleswig-Holstein .

Together with the Angles and Saxons, the Jutes took part in the conquest of Britain and had a considerable share in the development of the Old English language . Jutish possessions in England were mainly Kent and the Isle of Wight .

etymology

The word Jüte ( adjective Jütisch ) has recently been used to describe the inhabitants of Jutland (Danish: jyde, jysk , previously jydsk ), for example in the proverb "God will protect us from becoming Jüt" . This idiom has its origin in the Schleswig-Holstein question, which was unresolved in the 19th century . To better distinguish the modern population of Jutland in German (especially in the historical context), the terms Jutlander and Jutlandic are used today, whereas Jutish continues to denote the modern Danish dialect and not a possible language of the historical tribe.

Legend

After some conjecture that are in the Jutes Jöten recognize those giant who Ase Thor takes against in the songs of the Nordic Edda his Ostfahrten. This is linked to the assumption that the Asgard castle of the gods was situated in the area between Heligoland and the Eiderstedt peninsula , which is now flooded by the North Sea , and is synonymous with Basilea, the royal city of the lost Atlantis .

literature

Martin Eggers , Nis Hardt , Günter Neumann : Jüten. In: Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde (RGA). 2nd Edition. Volume 16, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2000, ISBN 3-11-016782-4 , pp. 92-100.
Günter Neumann : Eutii, Eucii. In: Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde (RGA). 2nd Edition. Volume 8, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 1994, ISBN 3-11-013188-9 , pp. 19-20.
Günter Neumann : Eudusii. In: Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde (RGA). 2nd Edition. Volume 7, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 1989, ISBN 3-11-011445-3 , pp. 617-620.

Individual evidence

↑ Meyer's Encyclopedia and Brockhaus
^ Meyers Neues Lexikon (Mannheim 1979) and Meyers Enzyklopädisches Lexikon (Mannheim 1975) define the Jutes as North Germanic, while the atlas on the universal history of Oldenbourg / Westermann describes the Jutes as West Germanic; Brockhaus (Mannheim 2006), the Encyclopædia Britannica (Chicago 2005), the Duden-Lexikon (1980), the dtv-Lexikon (Munich 1971) and Meyers Lexikon Online ( Memento from February 6, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) describe the Jutes more generally as Germanic tribe in Jutland.
↑ Herwig Wolfram, The Goths. 2001, p. 32.
↑ Jürgen Spanuth , 339

[1] Meyer's Encyclopedia and Brockhaus

[2] Meyers Neues Lexikon (Mannheim 1979) and Meyers Enzyklopädisches Lexikon (Mannheim 1975) define the Jutes as North Germanic, while the atlas on the universal history of Oldenbourg / Westermann describes the Jutes as West Germanic; Brockhaus (Mannheim 2006), the Encyclopædia Britannica (Chicago 2005), the Duden-Lexikon (1980), the dtv-Lexikon (Munich 1971) and Meyers Lexikon Online ( Memento from February 6, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) describe the Jutes more generally as Germanic tribe in Jutland.

[3] Herwig Wolfram, The Goths. 2001, p. 32.

[4] Jürgen Spanuth , 339