Population development of Eilenburg

This article shows the population development of Eilenburg in tabular and graphic form. The number of inhabitants follows the respective territorial status.

Population development

 

Population development of Eilenburg. Above from 1400 to 2017. Below an excerpt from 1871

From 1400 to 1800

Around 1400 there were 147 taxable homeowners in Eilenburg, assuming the average family size of six people, at that time around 900 people lived in the city. The population rose to an estimated 1,000 by the 16th century. During the Thirty Years' War , the number of people living in Eilenburg skyrocketed, as hundreds of wounded and an estimated 1,500 prisoners of war were brought to the city as a result of the Battle of Breitenfeld . In the city, which was immensely overpopulated, around 1350 people died between 1631 and 1633, compared to only 333 registered births. Due to the spreading plague , the register of deaths in the Eilenburg parish church gives 3161 epidemic deaths and another 900 nameless villagers for this year. At that time estimates came to up to 8,000 deaths in the small town. After the end of the war, Eilenburg was a destroyed and impoverished city. As a result of the events of the Seven Years' War , around 3,500 wounded Prussian soldiers were taken into the city in 1759. The population stagnated at around 2000 at the end of the 18th century.

year Residents around 1400 147 taxable homeowners a total of 880 plus 264 in the suburbs 1530 182 landlords in total around 1,900 including Kültzschau 1551 209 landlords 112 stake citizens and housemates 126 residents 1637² 9,000 1774 375 fireplaces 1779 ¹ 1,420 1784 ¹ 1,455 1786 ¹ 1,477 1788 ¹ 1,419

¹ residents aged ten and over
² estimate

From 1800 to 1899

With the effects of the Congress of Vienna , according to whose regulations Eilenburg had to be ceded by Saxony to Prussia , the industry developed and the population jumped to almost 5,000 people by 1816, which marked the transition from a rural to a small town with an industrial character . In the following years there was a strong influx of the rural population into the city with its numerous and further expanding industrial plants. Around 1850, the population exceeded 10,000. At that time the city was bigger than Torgau , Bitterfeld , Delitzsch and Wittenberg . Further start-ups and continuous growth of the existing businesses ensured a steady population growth up to the beginning of the 20th century. Around 15,000 people lived in Eilenburg at the turn of the century .

year Residents around 1800 ² 2,000 1806 2.120 1816 4,626 1817 4,545 1818 4,562 1819 4,469 1820 4,699 1821 4,813 1822 4,982 1825 5,532 1828 5,975 1829 6,500 1830 6,291 1834 7.175 1837 7,699 1840 8,244 1843 8,733 1846 9,352 1849 9,741 1852² 10,300

year Residents 1854 10,254 1855 9,901 1857 9,819 1859 10,043 1861 10,381 1865 10,384 1867 10,286 1870 10,378 1871 ¹ 10.135 1872 10.133 1873 10,263 1874 10.187 1875 10,312 1876 10,406 1877 10,508 1878 10,643 1879 10,765 1880 10,653 1881 10,778 1882 10,854

year Residents 1883 10,826 1884 11,022 1885 11,147 1886 11,412 1887 11,812 1888 12,186 1889 12,445 1890 12,703 1891 12,761 1892 12,798 1893 12,833 1894 13,217 1895 ¹ 13,399 1896 13,658 1897 14,061 1898 14,384 1899 14,726

¹ census results, December 1st
² rounding

From 1900 to 1945

The growth continued at the beginning of the 20th century. The move of the Reichswehr into the new barracks on the eve of the First World War also caused a jump in the number of residents, which now includes the stationed military. Due to the war and the withdrawal of the stationed infantry regiment, the population decreased somewhat, but this was offset by steady growth in the following years. Only the year of hyperinflation, 1923, slowed growth somewhat. The world economic crisis of 1929 brought enormous unemployment, but did not have a lasting effect on the population. By the time the National Socialists came to power, this had leveled off at around 20,000.

In the last years of the Second World War there was a considerable jump in population growth, although this was also due to the abnormal circumstances and therefore cannot be used for comparison purposes. On the one hand, there were women and children who were resettled from the Rhineland to Central Germany. On the other hand, these were refugees from the German eastern regions . There were also a number of forced laborers in the arms industry. The number of residents is estimated at around 30,000 at the beginning of 1945. The heavily overpopulated city fell to rubble in an artillery battle in April 1945.

year Residents 1900 15,120 1905 ¹ 15,725 1906 16,041 1908 16,347 1909 16,896 1910 ¹ 17.401 1912 17,832 1913 17,976 1914 19.003 1915 18,138

year Residents 1916 18,933 1917 19.198 1918 17,557 1919 17,806 1920 17,899 1921 18,105 1922 18,208 1923 18,201 1924 18.051 1925 ¹ 18,172

year Residents 1927 18,336 1929 ³ 19,000 1930 19,200 1939 ¹ 20,750 1944² 26,000 1945² 30,000

¹ census result; 1905 and 1910: December 1, 1925: June 16, 1939: May 17
² estimate
³ rounding

From 1946 to 1989

In April 1945, Eilenburg was the scene of a devastating defensive battle, as a result of which 65 percent of all buildings in the city were destroyed and 200 people died as a result of the shelling. Due to the lack of living space, many left the city despite the huge influx of refugees from the eastern German regions ; a year after the end of the war, 2000 fewer people lived in the city than before the war. The city was rebuilt in the 1950s, and in 1952 Eilenburg became the seat of the newly formed district of the same name . Both ensured that the city gradually grew again. At the beginning of the 1960s, the population was back to pre-war levels. Population growth continued until the mid-1970s: In 1974, the historic high of 22,245 was recorded, Eilenburg was now a medium- sized town and in the ranking of GDR cities the 104th largest town ahead of the surrounding towns of Torgau , Wurzen , Grimma and Oschatz . In line with the general trend, the number of inhabitants fell a little again from then on, but this was marginal and was neutralized by an increase in the second half of the 1980s. At the end of the GDR, almost 22,000 people lived in Eilenburg.

Year / date	Residents
October 29, 1946	19,980
1947	20,680
August 31, 1950	18,766
December 31, 1960	19,371
December 31, 1964	21,191
December 31, 1971	22,129
December 31, 1974	22,245
December 31, 1977	22,128
December 31, 1979	21,792
December 31, 1981	21,673
December 31, 1984	21,918
June 30, 1985	21,955
December 31, 1986	21,931
December 31, 1988	21,675

Since 1990

In addition to the chaos of war in the past, the turning point of 1989/1990 represented the most important turning point in the development of the city and its number of inhabitants. Due to the rapid breakdown of traditional industrial structures that could not be adequately replaced by new settlements and the expansion of the service sector, as well as by them existing at the time of the GDR difference between births and deaths is the city since 1990, a serious contraction process suspended. In order to shed light on these causes, the table below contains population migration as well as births and deaths since 1990.

In 1990 and 1991 in particular, there was a strong tendency to move away, whereas in 1992 and 1993 there was a slight majority. A particularly strong migration was noticeable in 1995, 1996 and - due to the devastating Mulde floods - in 2002, only again in 2003 more immigrants than emigrants were recorded. In 1994 the city lost its district seat; In the same year, the population fell below the 20,000 mark for the first time in over forty years and has never been reached again since then, even if this number is still in common usage today for the population of Eilenburg. 1997 was the only year since 1990 in which the population increased, which was due to the incorporation of the community of Kospa-Pressen ; In real terms, the city lost over a hundred residents that year as well. The lowest population loss to date since 1990 was recorded in 2003, when the absolute number of inhabitants decreased by only 46. In 2007 the birth rate rose noticeably, so that in that year there were the most births per thousand inhabitants since 1990 and the most total births since 1995. However, a trend reversal in the population development is not in sight, the difference between births and deaths was in over the past twenty years an average of 100. Overall, the city shrank by 19 percent between 1990 and 2010. In the course of 2015, for the first time since reunification, there was real population growth resulting from migration gains. The influx of refugees and the proximity to the rapidly growing Leipzig had a particular impact. Since 2016, the city administration has been trying to benefit from the up-and-coming Leipzig with a residential location campaign and primarily wants to address young families.

date	Residents	Immigration	Moves away	Births	Deaths	balance
December 31, 1990	20,688
December 31, 1991	20,272	520	759	127	304	−416
December 31, 1992	20.208	698	629	120	253	−64
December 31, 1993	20,126	674	629	125	252	−82
December 31, 1994	19,852	608	749	115	248	−272
December 31, 1995	19,615	625	1017	145	261	−237
December 31, 1996	19,135	540	922	133	240	−480
December 31, 1997 ¹	19,539	546	604	107	223	+404
December 31, 1998	19,073	463	617	110	165	−466
December 31, 1999	18,844	482	502	103	183	−229

date	Residents	Immigration	Moves away	Births	Deaths	balance
December 31, 2000	18,642	648	675	107	152	−202
December 31, 2001	18,525	349	429	123	142	−117
December 31, 2002	18,011	697	983	112	184	−514
December 31, 2003	17,965	736	713	127	243	−46
December 31, 2004	17,771	625	699	119	180	−194
December 31, 2005	17,551	637	663	110	210	−220
December 31, 2006	17,355	648	725	118	211	−196
December 31, 2007	17,248	566	576	142	204	−107
December 31, 2008	17,072	526	599	127	229	−176
December 31, 2009	16,777	681	757	128	240	−295

date	Residents	Immigration	Moves away	Births	Deaths	balance
December 31, 2010	16,390	620	716	129	239	−387
December 31, 2011²	16,113	542	639	121	255	−277
December 31, 2012	15,951	665	655	113	250	−162
December 31 2013	15,907	712	592	127	271	−44
December 31, 2014	15,798	726	718	135	236	−109
December 31, 2015	15,838	797	610	120	255	+40
December 31, 2016³	15,578
December 31, 2017³	15,607
December 31, 2018³	15,583

¹ Increase due to the incorporation of Kospa presses , real balance -116
² A census took place in 2011, population as of May 9, 2011: 15,794
³ Value of the State Statistical Office of the Free State of Saxony

Source: Annual statistical report of the city of Eilenburg. The State Statistical Office of the Free State of Saxony indicates a slightly different population for Eilenburg.

Population forecast

Bertelsmann Foundation forecast

Forecast by the Bertelsmann Foundation compared to the real development from 1990

In their “Guide to Demographic Change 2025”, published in 2008, in which the Bertelsmann Foundation provides data on the development of the population of 2959 municipalities in Germany, Eilenburg is placed in category 4; this category includes cities with a rapidly declining population and an aging society. Other characteristics for this category are high unemployment and low economic potential. Eilenburg's population is predicted to shrink by 12.4 percent (2152 people) between 2006 and 2025. Compared to 1990 this corresponds to a decrease of 26.5 percent (5485 people). According to this forecast, the average age will increase from 45.0 in 2006 to 50.5 in 2025. The proportion of pensioners and the very old will continue to rise, while the proportion of the population of the age at which a family was founded will decrease to just over 20 percent.

Migration losses are exacerbating this; in particular the highly negative educational migration (−56.5 people per 1,000) and family migration (−8.8 people per 1,000), whereas migration at the beginning of the second half of life (−1.9 people per 1,000) is marginal and old age migration (+ 6.2 people per 1000) is even positive. (Data refer to the year 2009)

Year (31st Dec)	Residents	%	Share of 0–2 year olds	Share of 3–5 year olds	Proportion of 6–9 year olds	Proportion of 10–15 year olds	Proportion of 16-18 year olds	Proportion of 19–24 year olds	Proportion of 25–44 year olds	Proportion of 45–64 year olds	Proportion of 65–79 year olds	Proportion over 80 year olds
2006	17,355	100	2.2%	2.3%	2.6%	4.1%	3.9%	7.7%	26.3%	27.3%	18.6%	5%
2010	16,850	97.9	2.2%	2.2%	3.1%	4.2%	2.0%	6.9%	24.1%	30%	19%	6.3%
2015	16,280	93.8	2.1%	2.3%	3.0%	4.8%	2.1%	4.4%	22.6%	32.7%	18.2%	7.9%
2020	15,756	90.8	1.8%	2.1%	3%	4.8%	2.5%	4.7%	21.2%	31.2%	18%	10.6%
2025	15.203	87.6	1.7%	1.9%	2.8%	4.8%	2.5%	5.1%	20.4%	29.4%	20.3%	11.3%

Source: Bertelsmann Foundation

Forecast by the State Statistical Office

The prognoses opposite compared to the real development since 1990

The State Statistical Office of the Free State of Saxony also gives forecasts for the population development of Eilenburg. In 2007 the 4th regionalized population forecast for the Free State of Saxony up to 2020 was published . The municipalities of different sizes were considered separately. In the size class of cities with 15,000 to 25,000 inhabitants, Eilenburg, together with Coswig and Annaberg-Buchholz, forms a group of cities whose 9.2 percent population loss is greater than the national average, but lower than the average for other municipalities in this one Size class. The calculations are based on assumptions of three different scenarios. All variants assume a slight increase in the birth rate from 1.3 to 1.4 children per woman. Variant 1 assumes a higher life expectancy at birth and less disadvantageous migration than variants 2 and 3. Depending on which assumptions are most likely, a population of between 15,300 and 16,000 is forecast for 2020. As far as possible, the forecasts are compared with the actual development. It can be observed that the development since 2009 has been significantly more negative than assumed in all three variants.

Since 2015 there has been an increase in population due to migration gains. The growth is above all an expression of a renewed increase in suburbanization due to rising rental and land prices in the rapidly growing Leipzig . The city has been promoting the trend since 2016 with a residential location campaign.

date Resident variant 1 Inhabitant variant 2 Inhabitant variant 3 de facto December 31, 2006 17,300 17,400 17,300 17,355 December 31, 2007 17,200 17,300 17,200 17,248 December 31, 2008 17,100 17,100 17,000 17,077 December 31, 2009 16,900 17,000 16,900 16,777 December 31, 2010 16,900 16,900 16,700 16,390 December 31, 2012 16,700 16,600 16,400 15,951 December 31, 2014 16,500 16,300 16,200 15,798 December 31, 2016 16,400 16,100 15,900 16,280 December 31, 2018 16,200 15,800 15,600   December 31, 2020 16,000 15,600 15,300

Source: State Statistical Office of the Free State of Saxony

Population structure

The proportion of the female population in Eilenburg with 300 outweighs the male proportion of the population. With 50.9 percent female residents, Eilenburg is above the district average (50.5 percent) and above the proportion of women in the other large district towns, but just below the state-wide (51.1 percent) and the national average (51.0 percent). In 2008, 791 foreigners lived in Eilenburg, which corresponds to a share of 4.6 percent of the total population. This share is both above the district average (1.9 percent) and the national average (2.75 percent), but well below the national average (8.2 percent) on the same reference date. It represents the highest percentage and the second highest percentage of foreigners of all cities in the Northern Saxony district.

indicator	February 25, 1993	December 31, 2008
Residents with main residence	20,241	17,072
of which female	10,446	8,686
of which male	9,582	8,386
German	20,028	16,281
Foreigners	213	791
Proportion of foreigners in percent	1.05	4.6

Source: State Statistical Office of the Free State of Saxony

Residents by district

Since the Berg, Mitte and Ost districts of the core city are not statistically recorded separately, an exact statement about the number of inhabitants of the individual districts can only be made about the core city and the six districts. Kospa is the largest and Zschettgau the smallest. A total of 1262 residents lived in the districts in 2008, which at that time made up 7.3 percent of the Eilenburg population. The proportion of the female population in the districts slightly predominates at 51.3 percent. Compared to surrounding cities that benefited from incorporation, the proportion of district residents in Eilenburg is rather low, so that the contiguous urban area is larger than that of the larger cities of Wurzen or Schkeuditz , for example .

District Female male total Behlitz 90 89 179 Hainichen 129 115 244 Kospa 132 122 252 Press 109 107 216 Wedelwitz 99 99 198 Zschettgau 88 85 173 total 647 615 1262 Eilenburg (core town) 8,039 ¹ 7,771 ¹ 15,810 ¹

¹ The figures for the core city are based on the assumption that the number of inhabitants in the districts remained unchanged until December 31, 2008.
Status: June 4, 2008
Source: Eilenburg City Administration

literature

• Bertelsmann Foundation (ed.): Who, where, how many? - Population in Germany 2025. Practical knowledge for municipalities. Bertelsmann Stiftung publishing house , Gütersloh 2009, ISBN 978-3-86793-042-0 .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h} Eilenburg in Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
2. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g} History of the city of Eilenburg chronologically in excerpts , taken, revised and compiled from chronicles, non-fiction books and treatises by S. Buchhold, 2012 ( PDF; 649 kB )
3. ↑ ^{a b c d} Wolfgang Beuche: The industrial history of Eilenburg Part I, 1803-1950 , 2008, ISBN 978-3-8370-5843-7
4. ^ ^{A b c} Rolf Vettermann, Andreas Flegel: History of the city of Eilenburg. Chapters 7 and 8, Eilenburg 1989.
5. ↑ Educational District Kabinett Eilenburg: Circle Eilenburg presented , 1986
6. ↑ Statistics and other facts on the development of Eilenburg ( Memento of the original from February 7, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on the website of the city of Eilenburg  
7. ↑ Bertelsmann Foundation: Population forecast 2012-2030
8. ↑ Sachsen.de: 4th regionalized population forecast for the Free State of Saxony up to 2020 ( memento of the original from June 18, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , 2007 
9. ↑ State Statistical Office of the Free State of Saxony: Saxon Municipal Statistics - Municipal Statistics 2009 for Eilenburg, City

Web links

• Bertelsmann Foundation: Guide to the community
• State Statistical Office of the Free State of Saxony