Tie-through
Through connection , also called circulation network or line change, describes an offer in local public transport , sometimes also in long-distance transport (for example rear-end cable trains ). Here, the journeys do not end at the intended final stop of a bus or train line, but are continued on a line connected there, ie “tied through”. This second line can also belong to another transport company. For the passengers there is the advantage that they can continue to travel without having to change, and for the transport companies that this usually saves a vehicle (shorter turning times or idle times); Likewise, there are no shunting trips to provide trains at the linking stations in rail traffic.
Examples
Regional traffic
Many regional train lines ( RE , IRE ) regularly link several railway lines to form a longer route, for example the Ems-Leine-Express (Braunschweig-Hannover-Minden-Löhne-Rheine), the Franken-Sachsen-Express (Nuremberg-Bayreuth-Hof-Zwickau) –Dresden) and the Schleswig-Holstein-Express (Hamburg – Neumünster – Flensburg – Padborg). Since the responsibility for local transport in Germany is divided regionally , such connections entail increased administrative costs, even if only one internal German responsibility limit is exceeded.
Karlsruhe light rail
The light rail network in Karlsruhe combines inner-city tram routes with railroad routes in the surrounding area. The multiple units used can cope with two power systems and comply with the operating regulations for both trams and railways. This system, known as the Karlsruhe Model or Tram-Train , served as a model for light rail networks in Germany and other countries.
City-Bahn Chemnitz
A variant of the Karlsruhe model is the Chemnitz model , which deviates from the railway building and operating regulations and uses a particularly low platform height with correspondingly low-floor vehicles. However, regular railway vehicles can no longer stop at the lowered platforms.
Tram in Halle (Saale)
Line 9 runs from Neustadt on a southern route via Franckeplatz to the main station. Without changing direction, it runs as line 10 in a large curve on a northern route via Steintor and Marktplatz back to Neustadt. Most of the trips on line 7 lead from the Kröllwitz terminus back to the city center on a different route, during the day as line 4, in the evening as line 94. In the opposite direction, the line numbers change accordingly.
Metro networks in Japan
10 of the 13 subway lines in Tokyo are connected to suburban and regional lines in the surrounding area. Trains from the two subway operators continue to run on the lines of the cooperating railway companies without having to change trains, and vice versa, multiple units of the cooperating railway companies are also used on the sections of the underground railway. To a lesser extent, there are also connections to the surrounding area without changing trains in the subway networks of Fukuoka , Kobe , Kyōto , Nagoya and Osaka .
International train connections
In long-distance traffic, cross-border trains in particular can be referred to as connections. Particularly well-known is the Orient Express , which, according to its name, existed from 1883 to 2009 and initially connected Paris with Constantinople, but was later supplemented with various routes and a coach system and ultimately only ran from Strasbourg to Vienna. There were also many other international express and night trains.
Another milestone were connections for the Trans-Europ-Express train types from 1957 and EuroCity since 1987. Today, numerous national and international train brands such as the ICE , TGV , EuroStar and Thalys operate regularly on cross-border routes.
Other variants of the transfer-free connection
When winging , train parts initially travel together on a route and are split up at a station on the way. The individual train parts can then continue on different routes, or the journey is continued with only one of the train parts.
A through car can be coupled to several regular trains one after the other. This means that it is possible to walk over long distances without having to change trains. However, the time and effort required for this variant is relatively high.